{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T01:42:29Z","timestamp":1771033349250,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]],"date-time":"2022-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670198400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Contaminant Hydrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]],"date-time":"2022-11-08T17:30:28Z","timestamp":1667928628000},"page":"104099","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Comparing simulated shallow subsurface spills of diluted bitumen and conventional crude oil"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"251","author":[{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Utting","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Behnam","family":"Namsechi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Craig","family":"McMullen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Brydie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason M.E.","family":"Ahad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.116110","article-title":"The bioavailability of oil droplets trapped in river gravel by hyporheic flows","volume":"269","author":"Adams","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0010","author":"AER (Alberta Energy Regulator)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0015","series-title":"Alberta Tier 1 Soil and Groundwater Remediation Guidelines","author":"Alberta Environment","year":"2016"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1111\/gwat.12619","article-title":"Weathering of oil in a surficial aquifer","volume":"56","author":"Baedecker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Groundwater"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/0883-2927(93)90012-6","article-title":"Crude oil in a shallow sand and gravel aquifer\u2014I. Hydrogeology and inorganic geochemistry","volume":"8","author":"Bennett","year":"1993","journal-title":"Appl. Geochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0030","author":"Berkeley Earth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0035","series-title":"2019 Crude Oil Forecast","author":"CAPP","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0040","author":"CBC"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1080\/10889860290777594","article-title":"Long-term evolution of biodegradation and volatilization rates in a crude oil-contaminated aquifer","volume":"6","author":"Chaplin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bioremed. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3233","DOI":"10.1039\/C5AN00223K","article-title":"Quantifying BTEX in aqueous solutions with potentially interfering hydrocarbons using a partially selective sensor array","volume":"140","author":"Cooper","year":"2015","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1029\/97WR00857","article-title":"Multiphase flow modelling of a crude-oil spill sites with a bimodal permeability distribution","volume":"33","author":"Dillard","year":"1997","journal-title":"Water Resour. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111141","article-title":"Forensic identification and quantification of oil sands-based bitumen released into a complex sediment environment","volume":"155","author":"Douglas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0065","author":"Eser"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3309","DOI":"10.1029\/95WR02567","article-title":"Simulation of aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation processes at a crude oil spill site","volume":"31","author":"Essaid","year":"1995","journal-title":"Water Resour. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-7722(03)00034-2","article-title":"Inverse modeling of BTEX dissolution and biodegradation at the Bemidji, MN crude-oil spill site","volume":"67","author":"Essaid","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Contam. Hydrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0085","series-title":"Contaminant Hydrogeology","author":"Fetter","year":"1999"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4356","DOI":"10.1021\/es702468f","article-title":"Combined carbon and hydrogen isotope fractionation investigations for elucidating benzene biodegradation pathways","volume":"42","author":"Fischer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17051463","article-title":"A salutogenic approach to disaster recovery: the case of the Lac-M\u00e9gantic rail disaster","volume":"17","author":"G\u00e9n\u00e9reux","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0100","series-title":"Properties, Composition and Marine Spill Behaviour, Fate and Transport of Two Diluted Bitumen Products from the Canadian Oil Sands, Federal Government Technical Report","author":"Government of Canada","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0105","series-title":"Diluted Bitumen Sediment Interaction Experiments (Bil_EX): Diluted Bitumen Penetration and Retention on Shorelines, Proceedings of the Forty-first AMOP Technical Seminar","first-page":"273","author":"Harper","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2017.06.007","article-title":"Capillary pressure-saturation relationships for diluted bitumen and water in gravel","volume":"551","author":"Hossain","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1039\/C7EM00457E","article-title":"Laboratory study of mass transfer from diluted bitumen trapped in gravel","volume":"19","author":"Hossain","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ Sci Process Impacts"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3462","DOI":"10.1021\/es0105111","article-title":"Hydrogen and carbon isotope fractionation during aerobic biodegradation of benzene","volume":"35","author":"Hunkeler","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0125","author":"King"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0130","series-title":"U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Monterey, California","article-title":"Evolution of physical properties and composition of a crude oil spill","author":"Landon","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0135","author":"McKinsey and Company"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-017-6457-4","article-title":"Pollution of fresh groundwater from damaged oil wells, North Kuwait","volume":"76","author":"Mukhopadhyay","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Earth Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-017-5833-6","article-title":"An assessment of subsurface contamination of an urban coastal aquifer due to oil spill","volume":"189","author":"Nambi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Monit. Assess."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0150","series-title":"Spills of Diluted Bitumen from Pipelines: A Comparative Study of Environmental Fate, Effects, and Response","author":"NAS (National Academies of Sciences)","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0155","author":"NGWA (National Ground Water Association)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2018.02.024","article-title":"Effect of humic acids on bitumen films at the oil-water interface and on emulsion stability: potential implications for groundwater remediation","volume":"544","author":"Pensini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp."},{"issue":"8 A","key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1016\/S0146-6380(99)00064-9","article-title":"Contrasting carbon isotope fractionation during biodegradation of trichloroethylene and toluene: implications for intrinsic bioremediation","volume":"30","author":"Sherwood Lollar","year":"1999","journal-title":"Org. Geochem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0170","first-page":"125","article-title":"Preparation of aqueous solutions of sparingly soluble organic substances: II. Multicomponent systems \u2014 hydrocarbon mixtures and petroleum products","volume":"7","author":"Shiu","year":"1988","journal-title":"Environ. Chem. Toxicol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1021\/es9803254","article-title":"Headspace analysis: a new application for isotopic characterization of dissolved organic contaminants","volume":"33","author":"Slater","year":"1999","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0180","author":"S\u00f6nnichsen"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12754","DOI":"10.1021\/es303238z","article-title":"Risk-managed approach for routing petroleum pipelines: keystone XL pipeline, Nebraska","volume":"46","author":"Spalding","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0190","series-title":"41st AMOP Technical Seminar on Environmental Contamination and Response","first-page":"875","article-title":"A case study with the Enbridge line 3 replacement program: a framework for evaluating and comparing the effects of spills of diluted bitumen and light crude oils","volume":"2018","author":"Stephenson","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0195","series-title":"A. Innovates Edmonton","article-title":"Properties of dilbit and conventional crude oils","author":"Tsaprailis","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0200","series-title":"Ground Water Contamination by Crude oil Near Bemidji, Minnesota (USGS fact sheet 084-98)","author":"USGS","year":"1998"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7793","DOI":"10.1021\/es8003415","article-title":"Evaluation of toluene degradation pathways by two-dimensional stable isotope fractionation","volume":"42","author":"Vogt","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.4090\/juee.2021.v15n2.117125","article-title":"A theoretical model for predicting the behaviour of BTEX in the unsaturated zone and groundwater","volume":"15","author":"Zanello","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Urban Environ. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099_bb0215","series-title":"Proceedings of the 38th AMOP Technical Seminar on Environmental Contamination and Response","first-page":"495","article-title":"A comparative analysis of environmental behavior of diluted bitumen and conventional crudes","author":"Zhou","year":"2015"}],"container-title":["Journal of Contaminant Hydrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0169772222001474?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0169772222001474?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T15:24:09Z","timestamp":1759245849000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0169772222001474"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["S0169772222001474"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099","relation":{},"ISSN":["0169-7722"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0169-7722","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Comparing simulated shallow subsurface spills of diluted bitumen and conventional crude oil","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2022.104099","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Crown Copyright \u00a9 2022 Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104099"}}