{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T20:30:51Z","timestamp":1794083451507,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82502901"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82502901"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018570","name":"Special Project of Central Government for Local Science and Technology Development of Hubei Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZYYD2024ZY12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZYYD2024ZY12"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018570","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009110","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022D01C745"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022D01C745"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009110","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009110","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022D01D58"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022D01D58"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009110","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BX20240130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BX20240130"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025 M772164"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025 M772164"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Controlled Release"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T00:32:51Z","timestamp":1764808371000},"page":"114500","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Engineered microalgae\u2013driven gel platform promotes the repairing of senescence-associated intervertebral disc degeneration in rats and goats"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"389","author":[{"given":"Yao","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongchuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shutao","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weidong","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abulizi","family":"Yakefu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maierdan","family":"Maimaiti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanhui","family":"Xun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weibin","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0005","article-title":"Palladium nanoparticles degrade advanced glycation end products via Valosin-containing protein mediated autophagy to attenuate high-glucose\/high-fat-induced intervertebral disc degeneration","volume":"5","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Exploration"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-022-00888-z","article-title":"Intervertebral disc degeneration and osteoarthritis: a common molecular disease spectrum","volume":"19","author":"Fine","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2024.102323","article-title":"The role of oxidative stress in intervertebral disc degeneration: mechanisms and therapeutic implications","volume":"98","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0020","article-title":"A one-stone-two\u2013birds strategy for intervertebral disc repair: constructing a reductive chelation hydrogel to mitigate oxidative stress and promote disc matrix reconstruction","volume":"2411290","author":"Bu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102079","article-title":"Microneedle delivery of CAR-M-like engineered macrophages alleviates intervertebral disc degeneration through enhanced efferocytosis capacity","volume":"6","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Reports Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2025.123326","article-title":"Seeds-and-soil inspired hydrogel microspheres: a dual-action antioxidant and cellular therapy for reversing intervertebral disc degeneration","volume":"321","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2019.04.006","article-title":"Oxidative stress-induced senescence markedly increases disc cell bioenergetics","volume":"180","author":"Patil","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mech. Ageing Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/6210885","article-title":"Regulatory effect of inflammatory mediators in intervertebral disc degeneration","volume":"2023","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mediat. Inflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13040686","article-title":"Cellular senescence in intervertebral disc aging and degeneration: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic opportunities","volume":"13","author":"Silwal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0050","article-title":"Mechanistic interactions driving nucleus pulposus cell senescence in intervertebral disc degeneration: a multi-axial perspective of mechanical","volume":"8","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Immu. Metabol. Pathways, JOR SPINE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202301232","article-title":"Antioxidant and Prooxidant Nanozymes: from cellular redox regulation to next-generation therapeutics","volume":"62","author":"Singh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.129374","article-title":"Antioxidant nanozymes as next-generation therapeutics to free radical-mediated inflammatory diseases: a comprehensive review","volume":"260","author":"Singh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/s40820-022-00958-7","article-title":"MXene-based composites as Nanozymes in biomedicine: a perspective","volume":"14","author":"Iravani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nano-Micro Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/cplu.202300777","article-title":"MXene-mediated catalytic redox reactions for biomedical applications","volume":"89","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"ChemPlusChem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2203","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-22278-x","article-title":"2D vanadium carbide MXenzyme to alleviate ROS-mediated inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"12","author":"Feng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/s40580-021-00259-6","article-title":"Improving oxidation stability of 2D MXenes: synthesis, storage media, and conditions","volume":"8","author":"Iqbal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nano Convergence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6438","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.8b09327","article-title":"Highly catalytic niobium carbide (MXene) promotes hematopoietic recovery after radiation by free radical scavenging","volume":"13","author":"Ren","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202312275","article-title":"Microalgae-based hydrogel for inflammatory bowel disease and its associated anxiety and depression","volume":"36","author":"Zhong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202401055","article-title":"Microalgae-based dual drug delivery system with enhanced articular cavity retention for osteoarthritis treatment","volume":"34","author":"Liang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0100","article-title":"Biohybrid microalgae robots: design, fabrication, materials, and applications","volume":"36","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0105","article-title":"In-situ fabricated living nanofiber scaffolds with stem cell-Chlorella pyrenoidosa for synergy enhance diabetic wound healing","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Fiber Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4434","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-59579-4","article-title":"Engineered Spirulina platensis for treating rheumatoid arthritis and restoring bone homeostasis","volume":"16","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202421470","article-title":"Self-adaptive hydrogel with Cascade microenvironments-responsiveness to inhibit osteosarcoma progression and augment bone reconstruction","volume":"35","author":"Lin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0120","article-title":"Strong and fatigue-resistant hydrogels via poor solvent evaporation assisted hot-stretching for tendon repair","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5557","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-49933-3","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps-inspired DNA hydrogel for wound hemostatic adjuvant","volume":"15","author":"Ye","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13211755","article-title":"The well-forgotten old: platelet-rich plasma in modern anti-aging therapy","volume":"13","author":"Gorodilova","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22527","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c06105","article-title":"Vanadium carbide Nanosheets with broad-Spectrum antioxidant activity for pulmonary fibrosis therapy","volume":"17","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202204617","article-title":"Microalgae-based biohybrid microrobot for accelerated diabetic wound healing","volume":"19","author":"Choi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.115131","article-title":"Influences of protein-corona on stability and aggregation kinetics of Ti3C2Tx nanosheets in aquatic environment","volume":"219","author":"Cheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27010050","article-title":"Verification of the conditions for determination of antioxidant activity by ABTS and DPPH assays\u2014a practical approach","volume":"27","author":"Wo\u0142osiak","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50212","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.4c08020","article-title":"Orally deliverable microalgal-based carrier with selenium Nanozymes for alleviation of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"16","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2023.01.068","article-title":"Electron transfer-based antioxidant nanozymes: emerging therapeutics for inflammatory diseases","volume":"355","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0165","first-page":"515","article-title":"Exosomes derived from MSCs exposed to hypoxic and inflammatory environments slow intervertebral disc degeneration by alleviating the senescence of nucleus pulposus cells through epigenetic modifications","volume":"49","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07701-9","article-title":"Inhibition of IL-11 signalling extends mammalian healthspan and lifespan","volume":"632","author":"Widjaja","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0175","article-title":"IL-11 promotes Ang II-induced autophagy inhibition and mitochondrial dysfunction in atrial fibroblasts","volume":"20","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Open Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2249","DOI":"10.1007\/s00011-023-01813-0","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction: a new molecular mechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration","volume":"72","author":"Song","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inflamm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110660","article-title":"The role of IL-1\u03b2 and TNF-\u03b1 in intervertebral disc degeneration","volume":"131","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202300988","article-title":"Rescuing nucleus pulposus cells from senescence via dual-functional Greigite Nanozyme to alleviate intervertebral disc degeneration","volume":"10","author":"Shi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-024-02683-2","article-title":"Rescue of nucleus pulposus cells from an oxidative stress microenvironment via glutathione-derived carbon dots to alleviate intervertebral disc degeneration","volume":"22","author":"Bu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0200","article-title":"Injectable nanocomposite hydrogels for intervertebral disc degeneration: combating oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ferroptosis","volume":"2403892","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv Healthcare Materials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2400717","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202400717","article-title":"Injectable Inflammation-Responsive Hydrogels for Microenvironmental Regulation of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv Healthcare Materials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1715","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23031715","article-title":"The proteolysis of ECM in intervertebral disc degeneration","volume":"23","author":"Liang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jor.2024.05.020","article-title":"Establishment of intervertebral disc degeneration models; A review of the currently used models","volume":"56","author":"Elmounedi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Orthop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-025-01377-w","article-title":"A sonosensitive diphenylalanine-based broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Biomed. Eng."}],"container-title":["Journal of Controlled Release"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0168365925011149?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0168365925011149?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T09:41:16Z","timestamp":1794044476000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0168365925011149"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":44,"alternative-id":["S0168365925011149"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500","relation":{},"ISSN":["0168-3659"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0168-3659","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Engineered microalgae\u2013driven gel platform promotes the repairing of senescence-associated intervertebral disc degeneration in rats and goats","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Controlled Release","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114500","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"114500"}}