{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T12:07:27Z","timestamp":1786709247743,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U22A20356"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U22A20356"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Controlled Release"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T06:53:03Z","timestamp":1776840783000},"page":"114927","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Biomimetic mitochondria-targeted drug delivery system for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"395","author":[{"given":"Fuya","family":"Jia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yudi","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiwen","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiahui","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sijie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2653","article-title":"Intestinal mucosal barrier function in health and disease","volume":"9","author":"Turner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2014.02.009","article-title":"The microbiome in inflammatory bowel disease: current status and the future ahead","volume":"146","author":"Kostic","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(24)00390-X","article-title":"The intestinal barrier: a pivotal role in health, inflammation, and cancer","volume":"10","author":"Neurath","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0020","article-title":"Gut microbiota dysbiosis in inflammatory bowel disease: interaction with intestinal barriers and microbiota-targeted treatment options","volume":"15-2025","author":"Xie","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-024-01008-6","article-title":"Strategies for targeting cytokines in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"24","author":"Neurath","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2018.06.021","article-title":"Bioresponsive drug delivery systems in intestinal inflammation: state-of-the-art and future perspectives","volume":"146","author":"Kotla","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2020.07.012","article-title":"Micro and nanoscale technologies in oral drug delivery","volume":"157","author":"Ahadian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2020.104835","article-title":"Cytokines in inflammatory bowel diseases \u2013 update 2020","volume":"158","author":"Leppkes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8593","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.3c02408","article-title":"Nanoprobiotics for remolding the pro-inflammatory microenvironment and microbiome in the treatment of colitis","volume":"23","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21116","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c04819","article-title":"An orally-administered nanotherapeutics with carbon monoxide supplying for inflammatory bowel disease therapy by scavenging oxidative stress and restoring gut immune homeostasis","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2022.121976","article-title":"Orally deliverable sequence-targeted astaxanthin nanoparticles for colitis alleviation","volume":"293","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.142940","article-title":"An oral nano-antioxidant for targeted treatment of inflammatory bowel disease by regulating macrophage polarization and inhibiting ferroptosis of intestinal cells","volume":"465","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4617","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cclet.2022.03.077","article-title":"Oral delivery of superoxide dismutase by lipid polymer hybrid nanoparticles for the treatment of ulcerative colitis","volume":"33","author":"Cui","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chin. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s44324-024-00008-3","article-title":"Multifaceted mitochondria in innate immunity","volume":"2","author":"Marques","year":"2024","journal-title":"NPJ Metab. Health Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-018-0021-x","article-title":"Mitochondrial function \u2014 gatekeeper of intestinal epithelial cell homeostasis","volume":"15","author":"Rath","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-024-00931-2","article-title":"Mitochondrial function and gastrointestinal diseases","volume":"21","author":"Haque","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0085","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"3-2015","author":"Novak","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06005","article-title":"Unravelling the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"448","author":"Xavier","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-019-0172-4","article-title":"Macrophages in intestinal inflammation and resolution: a potential therapeutic target in IBD","volume":"16","author":"Na","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adq7307","article-title":"Mitochondrial respiratory complex III sustains IL-10 production in activated macrophages and promotes tumor-mediated immune evasion","volume":"11","author":"Zotta","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.04.036","article-title":"Mitochondrial ROS production protects the intestine from inflammation through functional m2 macrophage polarization","volume":"19","author":"Formentini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-060821-083306","article-title":"Mitochondria and inflammatory bowel diseases: toward a stratified therapeutic intervention","volume":"84","author":"Ho","year":"2022","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0115","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction in inflammatory bowel disease alters intestinal epithelial metabolism of hepatic acylcarnitines","volume":"131","author":"Smith","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4306","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-023-08122-w","article-title":"Intestinal barrier dysfunction in inflammatory bowel disease: underpinning pathogenesis and therapeutics","volume":"68","author":"Dunleavy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2024.102155","article-title":"Orally hierarchical targeting delivery systems relieve colitis by protecting host mitochondria and modulating gut microbiota","volume":"55","author":"Xing","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nano Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2008.04.016","article-title":"Mitochondrial drug delivery systems for macromolecule and their therapeutic application to mitochondrial diseases","volume":"60","author":"Yamada","year":"2008","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30211","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c09830","article-title":"Research advances of cellular nanoparticles as multiplex countermeasures","volume":"18","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-022-00699-x","article-title":"Targeting drugs to tumours using cell membrane-coated nanoparticles","volume":"20","author":"Fang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11488","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1714267114","article-title":"Macrophage-like nanoparticles concurrently absorbing endotoxins and proinflammatory cytokines for sepsis management","volume":"114","author":"Thamphiwatana","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4136","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-24447-4","article-title":"Lure-and-kill macrophage nanoparticles alleviate the severity of experimental acute pancreatitis","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.202301178","article-title":"Macrophage-biomimetic nanoplatform-based therapy for inflammation-associated diseases","volume":"8","author":"Qu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Small Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2622","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16439-7","article-title":"Treatment of atherosclerosis by macrophage-biomimetic nanoparticles via targeted pharmacotherapy and sequestration of proinflammatory cytokines","volume":"11","author":"Gao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ado6798","article-title":"Oral microsphere formulation of m2 macrophage-mimetic janus nanomotor for targeted therapy of ulcerative colitis","volume":"10","author":"Luo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202308239","article-title":"Revitalizing ancient mitochondria with Nano-strategies: mitochondria-remedying nanodrugs concentrate on disease control","volume":"36","author":"Long","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2023.122293","article-title":"Biomimetic nanoparticle synchronizing pyroptosis induction and mitophagy inhibition for anti-tumor therapy","volume":"301","author":"Deng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3013","article-title":"Mitochondrial fusion and fission in cell life and death","volume":"11","author":"Westermann","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1219855","article-title":"Mitochondrial fission, fusion, and stress","volume":"337","author":"Youle","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00011.2014","article-title":"Melatonin: exceeding expectations","volume":"29","author":"Reiter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0200","series-title":"Nutrients","first-page":"1236","article-title":"mechanism of action of melatonin as a potential adjuvant therapy in inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer","author":"Jurjus","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12360","article-title":"Melatonin as an antioxidant: under promises but over delivers","volume":"61","author":"Reiter","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Pineal Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0210","series-title":"Molecules","first-page":"18886","article-title":"Melatonin as a potent and inducible endogenous antioxidant: synthesis and metabolism","author":"Tan","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1544","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-024-01715-0","article-title":"Multimodal smart systems reprogramme macrophages and remove urate to treat gouty arthritis","volume":"19","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5836","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M007540200","article-title":"Arginine-rich peptides: an abundant source of membrane-permeable peptides having potential as carriers for intracellular protein delivery","volume":"276","author":"Futaki","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2004.08.010","article-title":"Cellular uptake of arginine-rich peptides: roles for macropinocytosis and actin rearrangement","volume":"10","author":"Nakase","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201445427","article-title":"Reprogramming mitochondrial metabolism in macrophages as an anti-inflammatory signal","volume":"46","author":"Mills","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1805","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-01919-0","article-title":"Mitochondrial dynamics controls anti-tumour innate immunity by regulating CHIP-IRF1 axis stability","volume":"8","author":"Gao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2006.05.011","article-title":"Oxidative metabolism and PGC-1\u03b2 attenuate macrophage-mediated inflammation","volume":"4","author":"Vats","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2018.08.012","article-title":"Glycolytic stimulation is not a requirement for m2 macrophage differentiation","volume":"28","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2021.118993","article-title":"Facile synthesis of pH-responsive sodium alginate\/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel beads promoted by hydrogen bond","volume":"278","author":"Jing","year":"2022","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2006.08.024","article-title":"In vivo evaluation of EPO-secreting cells immobilized in different alginate-PLL microcapsules","volume":"116","author":"Ponce","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2004.06.011","article-title":"Physically crosslinked alginate\/N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogels with calcium for oral delivery of protein drugs","volume":"26","author":"Lin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2003.09.100","article-title":"Synthesis and pH sensitivity of carboxymethyl chitosan-based polyampholyte hydrogels for protein carrier matrices","volume":"25","author":"Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.133623","article-title":"Applications of polysaccharides in enzyme-triggered oral colon-specific drug delivery systems: a review","volume":"275","author":"Gong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2016.06.021","article-title":"Polysaccharide degradation by the intestinal microbiota and its influence on human health and disease","volume":"428","author":"Cockburn","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.137022","article-title":"Optimization of alginate\/carboxymethyl chitosan microbeads for the sustained release of celecoxib and attenuation of intestinal inflammation in vitro","volume":"282","author":"Biji","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.09.131","article-title":"Carboxymethyl chitosan: properties and biomedical applications","volume":"120","author":"Shariatinia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/fft2.70179","article-title":"A mucoadhesive hydrogel for precise resveratrol delivery in the management of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"7","author":"Xu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Food Front"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s10020-021-00274-7","article-title":"Diagnostic and prognostic impact of cytokeratin 18 expression in human tumors: a tissue microarray study on 11,952 tumors","volume":"27","author":"Menz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-015-2222-8","article-title":"Mesenchymal signaling in dorsoventral differentiation of palatal epithelium","volume":"362","author":"Sohn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2005.09.032","article-title":"Expression of macrophage-selective markers in human and rodent adipocytes","volume":"579","author":"Khazen","year":"2005","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mito.2022.10.004","article-title":"Tissue imaging reveals disruption of epithelial mitochondrial networks and loss of mitochondria-associated cytochrome-C in inflamed human and murine colon","volume":"68","author":"Chojnacki","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mitochondrion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0315","article-title":"Cascade delivery to golgi apparatus and on-site formation of subcellular drug reservoir for cancer metastasis suppression","volume":"19","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202503319","article-title":"A fused membrane-camouflaged biomimetic nanosystem for dual-targeted therapy of septic arthritis","volume":"21","author":"Yu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10043","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.7b00042","article-title":"Mitochondria-targeted triphenylphosphonium-based compounds: syntheses, mechanisms of action, and therapeutic and diagnostic applications","volume":"117","author":"Zielonka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.201900695","article-title":"Triphenylphosphonium (TPP)-based antioxidants: a new perspective on antioxidant design","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"ChemMedChem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2020.173090","article-title":"Macrophage M1\/M2 polarization","volume":"877","author":"Yunna","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17030320","article-title":"CD86+\/CD206+, diametrically polarized tumor-associated macrophages, predict hepatocellular carcinoma patient prognosis","author":"Dong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2428","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6b06245","article-title":"Phenotype determines nanoparticle uptake by human macrophages from liver and blood","volume":"11","author":"MacParland","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2025.123133","article-title":"A mitochondria-targeted nanozyme with enhanced antioxidant activity to prevent acute liver injury by remodeling mitochondria respiratory chain","volume":"318","author":"Gao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202409529","article-title":"Inhibiting mitochondrial damage for efficient treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through sequential targeting nanomedicine of neuronal mitochondria in affected brain tissue","volume":"36","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izad312","article-title":"Unveiling colitis: a journey through the dextran sodium sulfate-induced model","volume":"30","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0365","article-title":"Preventive effect of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus 2016SWU.05.0601 and its postbiotic elements on dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice","volume":"15 - 2024","author":"Bu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3555","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-03280-4","article-title":"Noninvasive, microbiome-based diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"30","author":"Zheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2017.044","article-title":"Chemically induced mouse models of acute and chronic intestinal inflammation","volume":"12","author":"Wirtz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G763","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00004.2013","article-title":"The value of experimental models of colitis in predicting efficacy of biological therapies for inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"305","author":"Valatas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2019.7962","article-title":"Mitochondrial superoxide dismutase: what the established, the intriguing, and the novel reveal about a key cellular redox switch","volume":"32","author":"Palma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2005.05.003","article-title":"A review of recent studies on malondialdehyde as toxic molecule and biological marker of oxidative stress","volume":"15","author":"Del Rio","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12182","article-title":"The mucus and mucins of the goblet cells and enterocytes provide the first defense line of the gastrointestinal tract and interact with the immune system","volume":"260","author":"Pelaseyed","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202309972","article-title":"A gas therapy strategy for intestinal flora regulation and colitis treatment by nanogel-based multistage NO delivery microcapsules","volume":"36","author":"Fu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c11108","article-title":"Programmable food-derived peptide coassembly strategies for boosting targeted colitis therapy by enhancing oral bioavailability and restoring gut microenvironment homeostasis","volume":"19","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0068876","article-title":"Unique gene expression and MR t2 relaxometry patterns define chronic murine dextran sodium sulphate colitis as a model for connective tissue changes in human Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"8","author":"Breynaert","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-021-00543-0","article-title":"Revisiting fibrosis in inflammatory bowel disease: the gut thickens","volume":"19","author":"D\u2019Alessio","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2009.31","article-title":"Intestinal fibrosis in IBD\u2014a dynamic, multifactorial process","volume":"6","author":"Rieder","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13037","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c05558","article-title":"Design of diselenide-bridged hyaluronic acid nano-antioxidant for efficient ROS scavenging to relieve colitis","volume":"16","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matt.2025.102084","article-title":"Oral nanoparticle therapy for inflammatory bowel disease by Paneth cell regulation and mucus layer remodeling","volume":"8","author":"Qin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Matter"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1038\/4441022a","article-title":"Human gut microbes associated with obesity","volume":"444","author":"Ley","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5859","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0901529106","article-title":"Characterizing a model human gut microbiota composed of members of its two dominant bacterial phyla","volume":"106","author":"Mahowald","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0445","article-title":"Correlation between altered gut microbiota and elevated inflammation markers in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"13-2022","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aaw4341","article-title":"A specific gene-microbe interaction drives the development of Crohn\u2019s disease\u2013like colitis in mice","volume":"4","author":"Caruso","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16162660","article-title":"Exploration of the muribaculaceae family in the gut microbiota: diversity, metabolism, and function","volume":"16","author":"Zhu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2594","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-02995-4","article-title":"Fiber-utilizing capacity varies in prevotella- versus bacteroides-dominated gut microbiota","volume":"7","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0465","article-title":"Systematic genome assessment of b-vitamin biosynthesis suggests co-operation among gut microbes","volume":"6-2015","author":"Magn\u00fasd\u00f3ttir","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S17","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2859-10-S1-S17","article-title":"Immunomodulatory mechanisms of lactobacilli","volume":"10","author":"Wells","year":"2011","journal-title":"Microb. Cell Fact."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14775","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c02914","article-title":"Modified prebiotic-based \u201cshield\u201d armed probiotics with enhanced resistance of gastrointestinal stresses and prolonged intestinal retention for synergistic alleviation of colitis","volume":"17","author":"Xie","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aat9076","article-title":"Colonocyte metabolism shapes the gut microbiota","volume":"362","author":"Litvak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09415","article-title":"Gut inflammation provides a respiratory electron acceptor for salmonella","volume":"467","author":"Winter","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.09.005","article-title":"Epithelial-derived reactive oxygen species enable AppBCX-mediated aerobic respiration of Escherichia coli during intestinal inflammation","volume":"28","author":"Chanin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"}],"container-title":["Journal of Controlled Release"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0168365926003305?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0168365926003305?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T06:51:59Z","timestamp":1783061519000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0168365926003305"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":97,"alternative-id":["S0168365926003305"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927","relation":{},"ISSN":["0168-3659"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0168-3659","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Biomimetic mitochondria-targeted drug delivery system for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Controlled Release","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jconrel.2026.114927","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"114927"}}