{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T13:04:43Z","timestamp":1784898283690,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journal-cot.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T02:40:22Z","timestamp":1778812822000},"page":"103482","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Neglected proximal humerus fracture nonunion: A narrative review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"79","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1295-136X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dheenadhayalan","family":"Jayaramaraju","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8200-554X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Hemraj Bhasker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0960-6901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B Roy Wilson","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5007-3644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agraharam","family":"Devendra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1158-3745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sahas","family":"Nithyanand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1080\/000164701753542023","article-title":"The epidemiology of proximal humeral fractures","volume":"72","author":"Court-Brown","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.3109\/17453674.2014.999299","article-title":"Treatment of proximal humerus fractures in the elderly: a systematic review of 409 patients","volume":"86","author":"Launonen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Orthop"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197052060-00001","article-title":"Displaced proximal humeral fractures. I. Classification and evaluation","volume":"52","author":"Neer","year":"1970","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2009.03.024","article-title":"Functional outcomes after nonoperative management of fractures of the proximal humerus","volume":"18","author":"Hanson","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elb Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2010.11.058","article-title":"A systematic review of locking plate fixation of proximal humerus fractures","volume":"42","author":"Sproul","year":"2011","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.00006","article-title":"Open reduction and internal fixation of proximal humeral fractures with use of the locking proximal humerus plate","volume":"91","author":"S\u00fcdkamp","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2309499019848166","article-title":"Correlation of radiological parameters to functional outcome in complex proximal humerus fracture fixation","volume":"27","author":"Dheenadhayalan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200307000-00006","article-title":"Primary hemiarthroplasty for treatment of proximal humeral fractures","volume":"85","author":"Robinson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2004.01.034","article-title":"Predictors of humeral head ischemia after intracapsular fracture","volume":"13","author":"Hertel","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elb Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482_bib10","series-title":"Shoulder Arthroplasty","article-title":"Pseudoarthrosis and proximal humeral malunions","author":"Valencia","year":"2016"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e31815b3922","article-title":"Indirect medial reduction and strut support using an endosteal implant","volume":"22","author":"Gardner","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2015.04.020","article-title":"Enhancing stability of locking plate fixation of proximal humerus fractures","volume":"46","author":"Schliemann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-015-2950-0","article-title":"Clinical and radiological outcomes of locking plate with fibular strut allograft in osteoporotic proximal humeral fractures","volume":"40","author":"Panchal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967116656829","article-title":"Fibular strut graft augmentation in open reduction and internal fixation of proximal humerus fractures","volume":"4","author":"Saltzman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1067\/mse.2002.124527","article-title":"Tuberosity malposition and migration: reasons for poor outcomes after hemiarthroplasty for displaced fractures of the proximal humerus","volume":"11","author":"Boileau","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elb Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-018-3995-7","article-title":"Hemiarthroplasty with humeral head autograft for fresh 4-part fractures of the proximal humerus","volume":"43","author":"Doursounian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.89B4.18435","article-title":"Reverse shoulder arthroplasty for the treatment of three- and four-part fractures of the proximal humerus in the elderly","volume":"89","author":"Bufquin","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2050","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.01637","article-title":"Comparison of hemiarthroplasty and reverse shoulder arthroplasty for the treatment of proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients","volume":"95","author":"Cuff","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482_bib19","article-title":"Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty after failed osteosynthesis of proximal humerus fractures","volume":"18","author":"Pinto","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2023.01.019","article-title":"Primary vs conversion reverse shoulder arthroplasty for proximal humerus fractures","volume":"32","author":"Colasanti","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elb Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2016.05.020","article-title":"Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty for failed open reduction and internal fixation of fractures of the proximal humerus","volume":"26","author":"Grubhofer","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elb Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-201107000-00007","article-title":"Complications in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty","volume":"19","author":"Cheung","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1689","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.00133","article-title":"Surgical treatment of three and four-part proximal humeral fractures","volume":"91","author":"Solberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.1629","article-title":"Surgical vs nonsurgical treatment of adults with displaced fractures of the proximal humerus: the PROFHER randomized clinical trial","volume":"313","author":"Rangan","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0976566226001499?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0976566226001499?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T12:37:07Z","timestamp":1784896627000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0976566226001499"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":24,"alternative-id":["S0976566226001499"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-5662"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-5662","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Neglected proximal humerus fracture nonunion: A narrative review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcot.2026.103482","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Delhi Orthopedic Association. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103482"}}