{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:21:39Z","timestamp":1791231699015,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":126,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,1]],"date-time":"2015-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1446336000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Comparative Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,22]],"date-time":"2015-10-22T22:10:17Z","timestamp":1445551817000},"page":"287-314","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":126,"title":["A Review of the Comparative Anatomy, Histology, Physiology and Pathology of the Nasal Cavity of Rats, Mice, Dogs and Non-human Primates. Relevance to Inhalation Toxicology and Human Health Risk Assessment"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"153","author":[{"given":"R.","family":"Chamanza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.A.","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1001330104","article-title":"Olfactory and non-olfactory epithelia in the nasal cavity of the mouse, Peromyscus","volume":"133","author":"Adams","year":"1972","journal-title":"American Journal of Anatomy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0264.1983.tb01008.x","article-title":"The canine nasal mucosa","volume":"12","author":"Adams","year":"1983","journal-title":"Anatomia, Histologia and Embryologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(97)00206-0","article-title":"Effect of vomeronasal organ removal on male socio-sexual responses to female in a prosimian primate (Microcebus murinus)","volume":"62","author":"Aujard","year":"1997","journal-title":"Physiology and Behaviour"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.25.3.228-236.1961","article-title":"Mucociliary function as protective mechanism in upper respiratory tract","volume":"25","author":"Bang","year":"1961","journal-title":"Bacteriology Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib5","first-page":"107","article-title":"A comparative study of the vertebrate nasal chamber in relation to upper respiratory infections","volume":"104","author":"Bang","year":"1959","journal-title":"Bulletin of the Johns Hopkins Hospital"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fnana.2014.00063","article-title":"Anatomy, histochemistry, and immunohistochemistry of the olfactory subsystems in mice","volume":"8","author":"Barrios","year":"2014","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neuroanatomy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1091500103","article-title":"Topography of the nasal glands in rats and some other mammals","volume":"250","author":"Bojsen-M\u00f8ller","year":"1964","journal-title":"Anatomical Record"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib9","first-page":"25","article-title":"Nasal swell-bodies and cyclic changes in the air passage of the rat and rabbit nose","volume":"110","author":"Bojsen-M\u00f8ller","year":"1971","journal-title":"Journal of Anatomy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1177\/019262339101900402","article-title":"Toxic interactions in the rat nose: pollutants from soiled bedding and methyl bromide","volume":"19","author":"Bolon","year":"1991","journal-title":"Toxicologic Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(84)90295-3","article-title":"Respiratory tract lesions induced by sensory irritants at the RD50 concentration","volume":"74","author":"Buckley","year":"1984","journal-title":"Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(89)90200-7","article-title":"Histologic changes in the respiratory tract induced by inhalation of xenobiotics: physiologic adaptation or toxicity?","volume":"101","author":"Burger","year":"1989","journal-title":"Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(94)90351-4","article-title":"Globose basal cells are neuronal progenitors in the olfactory epithelium: a lineage analysis using a replication-incompetent retrovirus","volume":"13","author":"Caggiano","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5670","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0330-04.2004","article-title":"Olfactory horizontal basal cells demonstrate a conserved multipotent progenitor phenotype","volume":"24","author":"Carter","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/472460","article-title":"The tonsils revisited: review of the anatomical localization and histological characteristics of the tonsils of domestic and laboratory animals","volume":"2011","author":"Casteleyn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clinical and Developmental Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1967.tb04063.x","article-title":"The nature and function of the mammalian epipharynx","volume":"153","author":"Cave","year":"1967","journal-title":"Journal of Zoology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib17","series-title":"Normal anatomy, Histology and Spontaneous Pathology of the Nasal Cavity of the Cynomolgus Monkey","author":"Chamanza","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199209000-00007","article-title":"Immunolocalization of two cytochrome P450 isozymes in rat nasal chemosensory tissue","volume":"3","author":"Chen","year":"1992","journal-title":"NeuroReport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.20592","article-title":"Reconstruction and morphometric analysis of the nasal airway of the dog (Canis familiaris) and implications regarding olfactory airflow","volume":"290","author":"Craven","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anatomical Record"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1177\/0192623310388431","article-title":"Gavage-related reflux in rats: identification, pathogenesis, and toxicological implications","volume":"39","author":"Damsch","year":"2011","journal-title":"Toxicologic Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100048143","article-title":"The course of the nasal airstreams","volume":"66","author":"Dawes","year":"1952","journal-title":"Journal of Laryngology and Otology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib22","first-page":"213","article-title":"The relevance to humans of animal models for cancer in the nose and upper airways","volume":"2","author":"DeSesso","year":"1993","journal-title":"Quality Assurance: Good Practice, Regulation, and Law"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2008.07.027","article-title":"Mechanics of airflow in the human nasal airways","volume":"163","author":"Doorly","year":"2008","journal-title":"Respiratory Physiology and Neurobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2913","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.201.21.2913","article-title":"Structure and function of the vomeronasal organ","volume":"201","author":"Doving","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-0590(89)90327-8","article-title":"One-month inhalation toxicity study of tulobuterol hydrochloride in rats and dogs","volume":"13","author":"Dudley","year":"1989","journal-title":"Fundamental and Applied Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib26","series-title":"Miller's Anatomy of the Dog","first-page":"338","article-title":"The respiratory system","author":"Evans","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib27","series-title":"Cell Biology of Olfaction","author":"Farbman","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/0160-9327(94)90114-7","article-title":"The cellular basis of olfaction","volume":"18","author":"Farbman","year":"1994","journal-title":"Endeavour"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1080\/20014091111712","article-title":"Health risks associated with inhaled nasal toxicants","volume":"31","author":"Feron","year":"2001","journal-title":"Critical Reviews in Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-8502(73)90063-3","article-title":"Regional deposition and clearance of particles in the human nose","volume":"4","author":"Fry","year":"1973","journal-title":"Journal of Aerosol Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2003.09.024","article-title":"Accumulation of Ym1\/2 protein in the mouse olfactory epithelium during regeneration and aging","volume":"123","author":"Giannetti","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1080\/00039896.1972.10666156","article-title":"Effects of sulfur dioxide on the nasal mucosa of mice","volume":"25","author":"Giddens","year":"1972","journal-title":"Archives of Environmental and Occupational Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-8166(73)80010-2","article-title":"Cell dynamics in the olfactory mucosa","volume":"5","author":"Graziadei","year":"1973","journal-title":"Tissue Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01206454","article-title":"Neurogenesis and neuron regeneration in the olfactory system of mammals. I. Morphological aspects of differentiation and structural organization of the olfactory sensory neurons","volume":"8","author":"Graziadei","year":"1979","journal-title":"Journal of Neurocytology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2797(01)00236-8","article-title":"The toxicity of styrene to the nasal epithelium of mice and rats: studies on the mode of action and relevance to humans","volume":"137","author":"Green","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chemico-Biological Interactions"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib36","first-page":"83","article-title":"Comparative morphometry of the nasal cavity in rats and mice","volume":"135","author":"Gross","year":"1982","journal-title":"Journal of Anatomy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00520716","article-title":"A ganglion probably belonging to the n. terminalis system in the nasal mucosa of the mouse","volume":"140","author":"Gr\u00fcneberg","year":"1973","journal-title":"Zeitschrift fur Anatomie und Entwicklungsgeschichte"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib38","first-page":"25","article-title":"Density of epithelial cells in the normal human nose and the paranasal sinus mucosa. A scanning electron microscopic study","volume":"28","author":"Halama","year":"1990","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1177\/019262339902700602","article-title":"Histopathology of nasal olfactory mucosa from selected inhalation toxicology studies conducted with volatile chemicals","volume":"27","author":"Hardisty","year":"1999","journal-title":"Toxicologic Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.2307\/3430686","article-title":"Comparative pathology of the nasal mucosa in laboratory animals exposed to inhaled irritants","volume":"85","author":"Harkema","year":"1990","journal-title":"Environmental Health Perspectives"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1177\/0192623391019004-102","article-title":"Comparative aspects of nasal airway anatomy: relevance to inhalation toxicology","volume":"19","author":"Harkema","year":"1991","journal-title":"Toxicologic Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1080\/01926230600713475","article-title":"The nose revisited: a brief review of the comparative structure, function, and toxicologic pathology of the nasal epithelium","volume":"34","author":"Harkema","year":"2006","journal-title":"Toxicologic Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib43","series-title":"Comparative Anatomy and Histology: a Mouse and Human Atlas","first-page":"71","article-title":"Nose, sinus, pharynx and larynx","author":"Harkema","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1177\/019262338901700307","article-title":"Effects of 0.12 and 0.80 ppm ozone on rat nasal and nasopharyngeal epithelial mucosubstances: quantitative histochemistry","volume":"17","author":"Harkema","year":"1989","journal-title":"Toxicologic Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib45","series-title":"Monographs on Pathology of Laboratory Animals: Respiratory System","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-61042-4_1","article-title":"Normal morphology of the nasal passages in laboratory rodents","author":"Harkema","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1177\/35.3.2434556","article-title":"Regional differences in quantities of histochemically detectable mucosubstances in nasal, paranasal, and nasopharyngeal epithelium of the bonnet monkey","volume":"35","author":"Harkema","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib47","first-page":"29","article-title":"Response of the macaque nasal epithelium to ambient levels of ozone. A morphologic and morphometric study of the transitional and respiratory epithelium","volume":"128","author":"Harkema","year":"1987","journal-title":"American Journal of Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1001800308","article-title":"Non-olfactory surface epithelium of the nasal cavity of the bonnet monkey: a morphologic and morphometric study of the transitional and respiratory epithelium","volume":"180","author":"Harkema","year":"1987","journal-title":"American Journal of Anatomy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.156.4.97-03017","article-title":"Comparison of murine nasal-associated lymphoid tissue and Peyers patches","volume":"156","author":"Heritage","year":"1997","journal-title":"American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1006\/faat.1994.1119","article-title":"Inhalation toxicity of aerosolized petamidine isethionate in rats and dogs","volume":"23","author":"Hiles","year":"1994","journal-title":"Fundamental and Applied Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000093747","article-title":"Nasal anatomy and the sense of smell","volume":"63","author":"Hornung","year":"2006","journal-title":"Advances in Oto-Rhino- Laryngology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1002030103","article-title":"Cell cycle of globose basal cells in rat olfactory epithelium","volume":"203","author":"Huard","year":"1995","journal-title":"Developmental Dynamics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(88)90273-6","article-title":"and regeneration of the olfactory epithelium following inhalation exposure to methyl bromide: pathology, cell kinetics, and olfactory function","volume":"94","author":"Hurtt","year":"1988","journal-title":"Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2007-0891","article-title":"Horizontal basal cells are multipotent progenitors in normal and injured adult olfactory epithelium","volume":"26","author":"Iwai","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10642","article-title":"Globose basal cells are required for reconstitution of olfactory epithelium after methyl bromide lesion","volume":"460","author":"Jang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Comparative Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(83)90339-3","article-title":"Pathology of toxic responses to the RD50 concentration of chlorine gas in the nasal passages of rats and mice","volume":"71","author":"Jiang","year":"1983","journal-title":"Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib130","series-title":"Toxicology of the Nasal Passages","first-page":"51","article-title":"Histopathology of acute and subacute nasal toxicity","author":"Jiang","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21013","article-title":"A comparative study of mouse nasal septal and turbinal epithelium for in\u00a0vitro cell cultures","volume":"2","author":"Jiao","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1997.8350","article-title":"Computer simulation of inspiratory nasal airflow and inhaled gas uptake in a rhesus monkey","volume":"150","author":"Kepler","year":"1998","journal-title":"Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1080\/01926230600695607","article-title":"Nasal dosimetry of inhaled gases and particles: where do inhaled agents go in the nose?","volume":"34","author":"Kimbell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Toxicologic Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1997.8206","article-title":"Computer simulation of inspiratory airflow in all regions of the F344 rat nasal passages","volume":"145","author":"Kimbell","year":"1997","journal-title":"Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(92)90158-4","article-title":"The role of nasopharyngeal lymphoid tissue","volume":"13","author":"Kuiper","year":"1992","journal-title":"Immunology Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib64","first-page":"43","article-title":"The function of the epiglottis in monkey and man","volume":"50","author":"Laitman","year":"1977","journal-title":"Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/bjs039","article-title":"A computational study of odorant transport and deposition in the canine nasal cavity: implication for olfaction","volume":"37","author":"Lawson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chemical Senses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib66","first-page":"333","article-title":"Morphology of the primate nasopharynx","volume":"117","author":"Leela","year":"1974","journal-title":"Journal of Anatomy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1882","article-title":"Contribution of olfactory neural stem cells to tissue maintenance and regeneration","volume":"10","author":"Leung","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib68","first-page":"955","article-title":"Comparative localization of carboxylesterase in f344 rat, beagle dog, and human nasal tissue","volume":"23","author":"Lewis","year":"1994","journal-title":"Anatomical Record"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1000500107","article-title":"The nasal cavity and direction of fluid by ciliary movement in Macacus rhesus","volume":"50","author":"Lucas","year":"1932","journal-title":"American Journal of Anatomy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.11-04-00979.1991","article-title":"Cell dynamics in the adult mouse olfactory epithelium: a quantitative autoradiographic study","volume":"11","author":"Mackay-Sim","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1127\/zma\/81\/1997\/289","article-title":"The nasopalatine duct and the nasal floor cartilages in catarrhine primates","volume":"81","author":"Maier","year":"1997","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Morphologie und Anthropologie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.20785","article-title":"Climatic effects on the nasal complex: a CT imaging, comparative anatomical, and morphometric investigation of Macaca mulatta and Macaca fascicularis","volume":"291","author":"Marquez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anatomical Record"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1091760105","article-title":"Ultrastructural morphology of the normal nasal respiratory epithelium of the mouse","volume":"176","author":"Matulionis","year":"1973","journal-title":"Anatomical Record"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1892","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.122.5.1892","article-title":"Evidence for a common mucosal immunologic system. I. Migration of B immunoblasts into intestinal, respiratory, and genital tissues","volume":"122","author":"McDermott","year":"1979","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00237805","article-title":"Qualitative and quantitative freeze fracture studies on olfactory and nasal respiratory structures of frog, ox, rat and dog","volume":"207","author":"Menco","year":"1980","journal-title":"Cell and Tissue Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib76","series-title":"Nasal Tumors in Animals and Man. Anatomy, Physiology and Epidemiology","first-page":"45","article-title":"The ultrastructure of olfactory and nasal respiratory epithelium surfaces","volume":"Vol. 1","author":"Menco","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/22.3.295","article-title":"Ultrastructural aspects of olfactory signaling","volume":"22","author":"Menco","year":"1997","journal-title":"Chemical Senses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1177\/019262339402200402","article-title":"Nasal diagrams: a tool for recording the distribution of nasal lesions in rats and mice","volume":"22","author":"Mery","year":"1994","journal-title":"Toxicologic Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2273.1990.tb00798.x","article-title":"Applied comparative anatomy of the nasal turbinates","volume":"15","author":"Mills","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clinical Otolaryngology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5320(71)80093-X","article-title":"The fine structure of the lateral nasal gland (Steno's gland) of the rat","volume":"36","author":"Moe","year":"1971","journal-title":"Journal of Ultrastructure Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1001690103","article-title":"Ultrastructural characterization of the nasal respiratory epithelium in the rat","volume":"169","author":"Monteiro-Riviere","year":"1984","journal-title":"American Journal of Anatomy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib82","first-page":"515","article-title":"Effects of formaldehyde gas on the respiratory tract of rhesus monkeys. Pathology and cell proliferation","volume":"134","author":"Monticello","year":"1989","journal-title":"American Journal of Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.2307\/3430688","article-title":"Non-neoplastic nasal lesions in rats and mice","volume":"85","author":"Monticello","year":"1990","journal-title":"Environmental Health Perspectives"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01153516","article-title":"The fine structure of olfactory mucosa in man","volume":"11","author":"Moran","year":"1982","journal-title":"Journal of Neurocytology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1177\/019262339702500307","article-title":"A brief review of formaldehyde carcinogenesis in relation to rat nasal pathology and human health risk assessment","volume":"25","author":"Morgan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Toxicologic Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1164\/arrd.1984.130.2.275","article-title":"The nasal mucociliary apparatus. Correlation of structure and function in the rat","volume":"130","author":"Morgan","year":"1984","journal-title":"American Review of Respiratory Disease"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-008X(05)80005-5","article-title":"Studies of inspiratory airflow patterns in the nasal passages of the F344 rat and rhesus monkey using nasal molds: relevance to formaldehyde toxicity","volume":"110","author":"Morgan","year":"1991","journal-title":"Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.2307\/3430684","article-title":"Airflow, gas deposition, and lesion distribution in the nasal passages","volume":"85","author":"Morgan","year":"1990","journal-title":"Environmental Health Perspectives"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(86)90431-X","article-title":"Responses of the nasal mucociliary apparatus of F-344 rats to formaldehyde gas","volume":"82","author":"Morgan","year":"1986","journal-title":"Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib90","first-page":"322","article-title":"Density of goblet cells in the normal adult human nasal turbinates","volume":"142","author":"Morgensen","year":"1977","journal-title":"Annals of Anatomy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib91","first-page":"l","article-title":"Morphology of the human olfactory epithelium","volume":"297","author":"Morrison","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Comparative Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.1070230105","article-title":"Morphology of olfactory epithelium in humans and other vertebrates","volume":"23","author":"Morrison","year":"1992","journal-title":"Microscopy Research and Technique"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib93","first-page":"794","article-title":"The permeability of intercellular spaces of the nasal mucosa","volume":"51","author":"Munzel","year":"1974","journal-title":"Journal of Laryngology, Rhinology and Otology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib94","series-title":"The Nose: Upper Airway Physiology and the Atmospheric Environment","first-page":"71","article-title":"Morphology of the upper airway epithelium","author":"Mygind","year":"1982"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/S0940-2993(97)80077-2","article-title":"Spontaneous lesions of nasal cavity in aging F344 rats and BDF1 mice","volume":"49","author":"Nagano","year":"1997","journal-title":"Experimental and Toxicological Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib96","series-title":"Comparative Anatomy and Physiology of the Nose and Paranasal Sinuses","author":"Negus","year":"1958"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/0149-936X(79)90056-0","article-title":"CT anatomy of the nasopharynx, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and infratemporal fossa","volume":"3","author":"Nicholson","year":"1979","journal-title":"Journal of Computed Tomography"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1001690405","article-title":"Surface topography and distribution of cell types in the rat nasal respiratory epithelium: scanning electron microscopic observations","volume":"169","author":"Popp","year":"1984","journal-title":"American Journal of Anatomy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib100","series-title":"The Nose, Upper Airway Physiology and the Atmospheric Environment","author":"Proctor","year":"1982"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib101","series-title":"Nasal Tumors in Animals and Man. Anatomy, Physiology and Epidemiology","first-page":"1","article-title":"Comparative anatomy and physiology of the nasal cavity","volume":"Vol. 1","author":"Proctor","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.10132","article-title":"Cell and molecular biology of human olfaction","volume":"58","author":"Rawson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Microscopy Research and Technique"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5S","DOI":"10.1177\/0192623309353423","article-title":"Proliferative and non-proliferative lesions of the rat and mouse respiratory tract","volume":"37","author":"Renne","year":"2009","journal-title":"Toxicologic Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1080\/01926230601052667","article-title":"Upper respiratory tract lesions in inhalation toxicology","volume":"35","author":"Renne","year":"2007","journal-title":"Toxicologic Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.2307\/3430681","article-title":"Comparative anatomy, physiology, and function of the upper respiratory tract","volume":"85","author":"Reznik","year":"1990","journal-title":"Environmental Health Perspectives"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib106","first-page":"340","article-title":"Three-dimensional mapping of the lesions induced by beta-beta\u2019-iminodiproprionitrile, methyl iodide and methyl methacrylate in the rat nasal cavity","volume":"31","author":"Robinson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Toxicologic Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.201007-050RN","article-title":"Anatomy and physiology of the upper airway","volume":"8","author":"Sahin-Yilmaz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.2890070205","article-title":"Computed tomography of the face and paranasal sinuses: Part I. Normal anatomy","volume":"7","author":"Sataloff","year":"1984","journal-title":"Head and Neck Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib109","series-title":"Nasal Tumors in Animals and Man","first-page":"1","article-title":"Nasal airway anatomy and inhalation deposition in experimental animals and people","volume":"Vol. 3","author":"Schreider","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1092000208","article-title":"Anatomy of the nasal-pharyngeal airway of experimental animals","volume":"200","author":"Schreider","year":"1981","journal-title":"Anatomical Record"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.10047","article-title":"Neural regeneration and the peripheral olfactory system","volume":"269","author":"Schwob","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anatomical Record"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903590103","article-title":"Reconstitution of the rat olfactory epithelium after methyl bromide-induced lesion","volume":"359","author":"Schwob","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Comparative Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.a.20122","article-title":"Distribution of olfactory epithelium in the primate nasal cavity: are \u2018microsmia\u2019 and \u2018macrosmia\u2019 valid morphological concepts?","volume":"281A","author":"Smith","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anatomical Record"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib114","series-title":"Cell and Tissue Biology: a Textbook of Histology","first-page":"751","article-title":"The respiratory system","author":"Sorokin","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20858","article-title":"Septal organ of Gr\u00fcneberg is part of the olfactory system","volume":"494","author":"Storan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Comparative Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1080\/089583798197772","article-title":"Computational fluid dynamics simulations of inspiratory airflow in the human nose and nasopharynx","volume":"10","author":"Subramaniam","year":"1998","journal-title":"Inhalation Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1995.1099","article-title":"Phagocytic cells in the rat olfactory epithelium after bulbectomy","volume":"136","author":"Suzuki","year":"1995","journal-title":"Experimental Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1001620306","article-title":"Histology, ultrastructure and carbohydrate cytochemistry of surface and glandular epithelium of human nasal mucosa","volume":"162","author":"Thaete","year":"1981","journal-title":"American Journal of Anatomy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/S0027-5107(97)00126-7","article-title":"Metabolic capacity of nasal tissue interspecies comparisons of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes","volume":"380","author":"Thornton-Manning","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mutation Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.2307\/3430683","article-title":"Normal histology of the nasal cavity and application of special techniques","volume":"85","author":"Uraih","year":"1990","journal-title":"Environmental Health Perspectives"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952836904005771","article-title":"Respiratory turbinates of canids and felids: a quantitative comparison","volume":"264","author":"Van Valkenburgh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Zoology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-0436.1985.tb00323.x","article-title":"An ultrastructural and immunohistological study of the rat olfactory epithelium: unique properties of olfactory sensory cells","volume":"29","author":"Vollrath","year":"1985","journal-title":"Differentiation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-483X(78)90075-6","article-title":"Inhalation toxicity studies on cigarette smoke. VII. 6-Week comparative experiments using modified flue-cured cigarettes: histopathology of the conducting airways","volume":"10","author":"Walker","year":"1978","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib124","first-page":"25","article-title":"Numerical simulations for detailed airflow dynamics in a human nasal cavity","volume":"30","author":"Wen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Respiratory Physiology and Neurobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1080\/15287398609530953","article-title":"Mucociliary clearance and particle retention in the maxillary and ethmoid turbinate regions of beagle dogs","volume":"19","author":"Whaley","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1952","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2004.224.1952","article-title":"Idiopathic lymphoplasmacytic rhinitis in dogs: 37 cases (1997-2002)","volume":"224","author":"Windsor","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/0149-7634(79)90015-0","article-title":"Neurobehavioral evidence for the involvement of the vomeronasal system in mammalian reproduction","volume":"3","author":"Wysocki","year":"1979","journal-title":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-0590(81)80037-1","article-title":"Histopathologic examination of the rat nasal cavity","volume":"1","author":"Young","year":"1981","journal-title":"Fundamental and Applied Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1001700406","article-title":"The nasopalatine ducts and associated structures in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta): topography, prenatal development, function, and phylogeny","volume":"170","author":"Zingeser","year":"1984","journal-title":"American Journal of Anatomy"}],"container-title":["Journal of Comparative Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0021997515001346?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0021997515001346?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T23:03:03Z","timestamp":1718146983000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0021997515001346"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"references-count":126,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0021997515001346"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9975"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9975","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A Review of the Comparative Anatomy, Histology, Physiology and Pathology of the Nasal Cavity of Rats, Mice, Dogs and Non-human Primates. Relevance to Inhalation Toxicology and Human Health Risk Assessment","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Comparative Pathology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.08.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}