{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T20:10:01Z","timestamp":1756239001453,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["304106\/2022-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["304106\/2022-4"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2014\/24932-2","2015\/05043-5","2017\/02223-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014\/24932-2","2015\/05043-5","2017\/02223-8"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Comparative Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T18:14:51Z","timestamp":1751912091000},"page":"1-5","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Thoracolumbar kyphoscoliosis in a captive geriatric Antillean manatee (Trichechus manatus manatus)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"221","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2359-6391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K\u00e1tia R.","family":"Groch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernanda L.N.","family":"Attademo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josu\u00e9","family":"D\u00edaz-Delgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gl\u00e1ucia P.","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Augusto C. da B.","family":"Freire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabiano S.","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Sacrist\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6428-5146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean C. Ramos da","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2999-3395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 L.","family":"Cat\u00e3o-Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F\u00e1bia","family":"de Oliveira Luna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib1","series-title":"CRC handbook of marine mammal medicine","first-page":"267","article-title":"Noninfectious diseases","author":"Colegrove","year":"2018"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-8389(22)02626-4","article-title":"Classification of spinal curvatures","volume":"13","author":"Mcalister","year":"1975","journal-title":"Radiol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2021.116075","article-title":"Genetic animal models of scoliosis: a systematical review","volume":"152","author":"Lv","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.31616\/asj.2020.0568","article-title":"Adult spinal deformity: current concepts and decision-making strategies for management","volume":"14","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Asian Spine J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib5","first-page":"31","article-title":"Scoliosis: review of diagnosis and treatment","volume":"4","author":"Popko","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pol J Appl Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib6","series-title":"Animal models in orthopaedic research","first-page":"549","article-title":"Animal models of scoliosis","author":"Kawakami","year":"1998"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib7","first-page":"62","article-title":"Kyphosis: diagnosis, classification and treatment methods","volume":"24","author":"Yaman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Turk Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib8","series-title":"Kennedy and Palmer\u2019s pathology of domestic animals","first-page":"16","article-title":"Bones and joints","author":"Craig","year":"2016"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib9","first-page":"292","article-title":"Scoliosis, lordosis and kyphosis in breeding rabbits","volume":"24","author":"Drescher","year":"1996","journal-title":"Tierarztl Prax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-012-2396-7","article-title":"Animal models for scoliosis research: state of the art, current concepts and future perspective applications","volume":"22","author":"Ouellet","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1111\/jfb.14240","article-title":"Exercise-induced lordosis in zebrafish Danio rerio (Hamilton, 1822)","volume":"98","author":"Printzi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Fish Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-007-0188-0","article-title":"Vertebral column kyphoscoliosis and unexpected death","volume":"122","author":"Guddat","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Leg Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1097\/PAF.0000000000000249","article-title":"Can severe kyphoscoliosis lead to aorta rupture?","volume":"37","author":"Kotopoulos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Forensic Med Pathol"},{"article-title":"\u00c0 propos d\u2019une malformation lat\u00e9rale de la colonne vert\u00e9brale d\u2019une baleine bleue, Balaenoptera musculus, L.(Cetacea, Balaenopteridae) et de sa signification fonctionnelle","year":"1982","series-title":"Acte du 107e Congr\u00e8s National Soci\u00e9t\u00e9s Savantes","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib14"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-47.4.979","article-title":"Congenital scoliosis of a bottlenose dolphin","volume":"47","author":"Delynn","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib16","series-title":"CRC handbook of marine mammal medicine","first-page":"675","article-title":"Euthanasia","author":"Harms","year":"2018"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3354\/dao03010","article-title":"Pathology in skeletons of Peale's dolphin Lagenorhynchus australis from southern South America","volume":"120","author":"San Mart\u00edn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dis Aquat Organ"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib18","first-page":"35","article-title":"A pathological dolphin","volume":"26","author":"Wells","year":"1976","journal-title":"Med Biol Illus"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.3354\/dao03026","article-title":"Vertebral column anomalies in Indo-Pacific and Atlantic humpback dolphins Sousa spp","volume":"120","author":"Weir","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dis Aquat Organ"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-24.3.582","article-title":"Scoliosis and uterine torsion in a pregnant sea otter (Enhydra lutris) from California","volume":"24","author":"Rennie","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-46.2.450","article-title":"Causes of mortality in Northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus), St. Paul Island, Pribilof Islands, Alaska, 1986\u20132006","volume":"46","author":"Spraker","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib22","series-title":"Pathology of wildlife and zoo animals","first-page":"593","article-title":"Sirenia","author":"Owen","year":"2018"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.7589\/2017-01-012","article-title":"Fatal systemic salmonellosis in a Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris)","volume":"53","author":"Vorbach","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.26605\/medvet-v15n3-3525","article-title":"Xica - a hist\u00f3ria de vida do peixe-boi-marinho (Trichechus manatus) mais velho do Brasil: relato de caso [Xica - the life story of the oldest Antillean manatee (Trichechus manatus) in Brazil: case report]","volume":"15","author":"de Oliveira Luna","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med Vet"},{"year":"1983","series-title":"Manual of procedures for the salvage and necropsy of carcasses of the West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus)","author":"Bonde","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib25"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.1993.tb00005.x","article-title":"ITS primers with enhanced specificity for basidiomycetes \u2013 application to the identification of mycorrhizae and rusts","volume":"2","author":"Gardes","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mol Ecol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1666","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.34.7.1666-1671.1996","article-title":"Detection and analysis of diverse herpesviral species by consensus primer PCR","volume":"34","author":"VanDevanter","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2012.05.001","article-title":"3D slicer as an image computing platform for the quantitative imaging network","volume":"30","author":"Fedorov","year":"2012","journal-title":"Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.20534","article-title":"Vertebral anatomy in the Florida manatee, Trichechus manatus latirostris: a developmental and evolutionary analysis","volume":"290","author":"Buchholtz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anat Rec"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985817698207","article-title":"Panfungal polymerase chain reaction for identification of fungal pathogens in formalin-fixed animal tissues","volume":"54","author":"Meason-Smith","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"issue":"3 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S8","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.7145","article-title":"Radiographic evaluation of scoliosis","volume":"194","author":"Malfair","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"3 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000325766.21809.18","article-title":"Principles of growth modulation in the treatment of scoliotic deformities","volume":"63","author":"Hoh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib33","first-page":"277","article-title":"Mechanical effects on skeletal growth","volume":"2","author":"Stokes","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1815","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181ab64e9","article-title":"Spine deformities in rare congenital syndromes: clinical issues","volume":"34","author":"Campbell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib35","first-page":"108","article-title":"Thoracic insufficiency syndrome and exotic scoliosis","volume":"89","author":"Campbell","year":"2007","journal-title":"JBJS"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1576","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682211041979","article-title":"Cervical spinal cord compression in adult scoliosis","volume":"13","author":"Nakashima","year":"2023","journal-title":"Glob Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-010-1638-3","article-title":"Kyphoscoliosis complicating pregnancy: maternal and neonatal outcome","volume":"284","author":"Chopra","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9185.92463","article-title":"Parturient with kyphoscoliosis (operated) for cesarean section","volume":"28","author":"Veliath","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jsp2.1169","article-title":"Paraspinal muscle morphology and composition in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a histological analysis","volume":"4","author":"Shahidi","year":"2021","journal-title":"JOR Spine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(76)90261-6","article-title":"Spinal muscle in scoliosis: part 1. Histology and histochemistry","volume":"30","author":"Spencer","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib41","series-title":"Encyclopedia of marine mammals","first-page":"682","article-title":"Manatees: trichechus manatus, T. senegalensis, and T. inunguis","author":"Reynolds","year":"2009"},{"year":"2024","series-title":"Species status assessment report for the Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib42"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib43","first-page":"75","article-title":"The life history, pattern of breeding, and population dynamics of the dugong","volume":"1","author":"Marsh","year":"1995","journal-title":"Information and Technology Report"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3228","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13203228","article-title":"Manatees in zoological parks throughout the world: history, state, and welfare","volume":"13","author":"Henaut","year":"2023","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib45","series-title":"Marine mammal welfare: human induced change in the marine environment and its impacts on marine mammal welfare","first-page":"359","article-title":"Sirenian health and well-being in managed care","author":"Walsh","year":"2017"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.46867\/ijcp.2013.26.01.03","article-title":"Correlations of swimming patterns with spinal deformities in the sand tiger shark, Carcharias taurus","volume":"26","author":"Tate","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Comp Psychol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2391","DOI":"10.1111\/are.15125","article-title":"A comprehensive overview of the most common skeletal deformities in fish","volume":"52","author":"Eissa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aquac Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1017\/S0025315412001944","article-title":"Stereotypical behaviour in captive West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus)","volume":"94","author":"Anzolin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Mar Biol Assoc U K"}],"container-title":["Journal of Comparative Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0021997525002634?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0021997525002634?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T19:51:53Z","timestamp":1756237913000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0021997525002634"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["S0021997525002634"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9975"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0021-9975"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Thoracolumbar kyphoscoliosis in a captive geriatric Antillean manatee (Trichechus manatus manatus)","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Comparative Pathology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcpa.2025.07.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}