{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T16:11:55Z","timestamp":1792685515408,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769990400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Cancer Policy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T15:55:20Z","timestamp":1770047720000},"page":"100712","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Health system barriers to early detection and timely treatment of breast cancer: A scoping review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3297-0012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge A.","family":"Ramos-Castaneda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7241-5223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deyanira A.","family":"Joven-Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7270-1474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga Y.","family":"Cardozo-Vasquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1391-8605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viviana","family":"Perez-Becerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib1","first-page":"1","article-title":"C\u00e1ncer De Mama Y Cuello Uterino C\u00f3digo","volume":"155","author":"Martinez Gomez","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.18566\/medupb.v41n1.a05","article-title":"Inequidades en la atenci\u00f3n del c\u00e1ncer de mama en Colombia: revisi\u00f3n sistem\u00e1tica","volume":"41","author":"Bonilla Sep\u00falveda","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med. UPB"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33588","article-title":"Cancer statistics for the year 2020: an overview","volume":"149","author":"Ferlay","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib4","first-page":"1","article-title":"Health-related quality of life in breast cancer patients: Review of reviews from 2008 to 2018","volume":"18","author":"Mokhatri-Hesari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Health Qual. Life Outcomes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib5","first-page":"40","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ministerio de Salud y protecci\u00f3n social, Guia de pr\u00e1ctica cl\u00ednica C\u00e1ncer de mama"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib6","first-page":"3017","article-title":"Delay in diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer among women attending a reference service in Brazil","volume":"18","author":"Lopes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.2147\/CMAR.S180388","article-title":"Identifying the reasons for delayed presentation of Pakistani breast cancer patients at a tertiary care hospital","volume":"11","author":"Gulzar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Manag. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-022-08927-x","article-title":"Health system barriers influencing timely breast cancer diagnosis and treatment among women in low and middle-income Asian countries: evidence from a mixed-methods systematic review","volume":"22","author":"Afaya","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1676","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-013-2339-4","article-title":"A grounded explanation of why women present with advanced breast cancer","volume":"38","author":"Taib","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3723","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2012.13.8.3723","article-title":"Understanding barriers to Malaysian women with breast cancer seeking help","volume":"13","author":"Norsa\u2019adah","year":"2012","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1007\/s13193-020-01037-2","article-title":"Barriers to timely diagnosis and management of breast cancer: observations from a tertiary referral center in resource poor setting","volume":"11","author":"Shreyamsa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J. Surg. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib12","first-page":"318","article-title":"Exploring breast cancer patients\u2019 experiences of struggle against socio-economic and geographical barriers in Rural Pakistan","volume":"22","author":"Agha","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Int. Women\u2019s Stud."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.4103\/ijcm.IJCM_751_20","article-title":"Barriers for early detection of breast cancer among South Indian Women","volume":"46","author":"Defny D\u2019almeida","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indian J. Community Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-021-01293-6","article-title":"Fears and barriers: problems in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment in Pakistan","volume":"21","author":"Saeed","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Women\u2019s Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-035173","article-title":"Experiences of accessing and using breast cancer services in Vietnam: a descriptive qualitative study","volume":"10","author":"Jenkins","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1080\/07399332.2018.1446958","article-title":"Barriers to care for women with breast cancer symptoms in rural Bangladesh","volume":"39","author":"Steiness","year":"2018","journal-title":"Health Care Women Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-009863","article-title":"Barriers to early presentation of self-discovered breast cancer in Singapore and Malaysia: a qualitative multicentre study","volume":"5","author":"Lim","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4511","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2012.13.9.4511","article-title":"Causes of delay in seeking treatment in patients with breast cancer in Iran: a qualitative content analysis study","volume":"13","author":"Rastad","year":"2012","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1080\/08870446.2020.1841765","article-title":"Determinants of early breast cancer presentation: a qualitative exploration among female survivors in Indonesia","volume":"36","author":"Dewi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychol. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.31557\/APJCP.2020.21.1.169","article-title":"Time interval between self-detection of symptoms to treatment of breast cancer","volume":"21","author":"Somanna","year":"2020","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2015.16.1.377","article-title":"Presentation delay in breast cancer patients, identifying the barriers in North Pakistan","volume":"16","author":"Khan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.13242","article-title":"Factors associated with treatment delay in breast cancer: a prospective study","author":"Rahool","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus 13"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0252008","article-title":"Identifying barriers to early presentation in patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) in Northern Singapore: qualitative study","volume":"16","author":"Ng","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-020-07585-8","article-title":"Presentation of breast cancer, help seeking behaviour and experience of patients in their cancer journey in Singapore: a qualitative study","volume":"20","author":"Ng","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0267308","article-title":"Challenges and opportunities for breast cancer early detection among rural dwelling women in Segamat District, Malaysia: a qualitative study","volume":"17","author":"Schliemann","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2119","DOI":"10.11124\/JBIES-20-00167","article-title":"Updated methodological guidance for the conduct of scoping reviews","volume":"18","author":"Peters","year":"2020","journal-title":"JBI Evid. Synth."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H.H.Mourad Ouzzani Zbys Fedorowicz y Ahmed Elmagarmid, Rayyan: una aplicaci\u00f3n web y m\u00f3vil para revisiones sistem\u00e1ticas, (2016) 210\u2013210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13643-016-0384-4.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-016-0384-4"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib28","series-title":"Monitoring the building blocks of health systems: a handbook of indicators and their measurement strategies","first-page":"92","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2749","DOI":"10.31557\/APJCP.2023.24.8.2749","article-title":"Early detection of breast cancer in Indonesia: barriers identified in a qualitative study","volume":"24","author":"Icanervilia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2569","DOI":"10.31557\/APJCP.2020.21.9.2569","article-title":"Opportunities and barriers to breast cancer screening in a rural community in coastal karnataka, India: a qualitative analysis","volume":"21","author":"Kathrikolly","year":"2020","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib31","first-page":"975","article-title":"Knowledge, facilitators and perceived barriers for early detection of breast cancer among elderly Turkish women","volume":"12","author":"Kissal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3981","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2015.16.9.3981","article-title":"Knowledge, barriers and attitudes towards breast cancer mammography screening in Jordan","volume":"16","author":"Abu-Helalah","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.breast.2011.01.010","article-title":"Barriers and opportunities for early detection of breast cancer in Gaza women","volume":"20","author":"Shaheen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Breast"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.26719\/2007.13.5.1160","article-title":"Barriers to and factors facilitating breast cancer screening among Iranian women: a qualitative study","volume":"13","author":"Lamyian","year":"2007","journal-title":"East. Mediterr. Health J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-023-11359-3","article-title":"Recognising socio-cultural barriers while seeking early detection services for breast cancer: a study from a Universal Health Coverage setting in India","volume":"23","author":"Sawhney","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.31557\/APJCP.2024.25.3.977","article-title":"Knowledge about breast cancer and barriers to screening among Saudi Women in Al-Baha region","volume":"25","author":"Alghamdi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12992-018-0326-0","article-title":"Perceived barriers to early detection of breast cancer in Wakiso District, Uganda using a socioecological approach","volume":"14","author":"Ilaboya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Glob. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2019-0257","article-title":"Identifying barriers and facilitators to breast cancer early detection and subsequent treatment engagement in Kenya: a qualitative approach","volume":"24","author":"Gakunga","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-021425","article-title":"Barriers to and discourses about breast cancer prevention among immigrant women in Spain: a qualitative study","volume":"8","author":"March","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-018-0571-7","article-title":"Determinants of breast cancer early detection for cues to expanded control and care: the lived experiences among women from Western Kenya","volume":"18","author":"Kisiangani","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Women\u2019s. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2297","DOI":"10.31557\/APJCP.2024.25.7.2297","article-title":"Barriers to early diagnosis of breast cancer amongst women in the Fiji Islands: a qualitative study","volume":"25","author":"Naidu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-023-02875-2","article-title":"Barriers and facilitators for breast cancer early diagnosis in an indigenous community in Mexico: voices of otom\u00ed women","volume":"24","author":"Salda\u00f1a-T\u00e9llez","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Women\u2019s Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib43","first-page":"1","article-title":"Physical access barriers to care for diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer among women with mobility impairments","volume":"61","author":"Lezzoni","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-020-00909-7","article-title":"Perceived barriers to early diagnosis of breast Cancer in south and southwestern Ethiopia: a qualitative study","volume":"20","author":"Getachew","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Women\u2019s Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2315","DOI":"10.1158\/1538-7445.AM2020-2315","article-title":"Abstract 2315: perceived barriers to early diagnosis of breast cancer in south and southwestern Ethiopia: qualitative study","volume":"80","author":"Getachew","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib46","first-page":"1","article-title":"Physical access barriers to care for diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer among women with mobility impairments","volume":"61","author":"Lisa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/10732748241248367","article-title":"Disparities in mammography screening: analyzing barriers to access using individual patient perspectives and the health belief model","volume":"31","author":"van den Broek-Altenburg","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-11296-5","article-title":"Health system factors that influence diagnostic and treatment intervals in women with breast cancer in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review","volume":"21","author":"Gbenonsi","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib49","article-title":"Limited access to care for persons with breast cancer in Africa: a systematic review","volume":"50","author":"Salisu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Oncol. Nurs. Off. J. Eur. Oncol. Nurs. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20211033","article-title":"Understanding breast cancer as a global health concern","volume":"95","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br. J. Radio."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1778","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61611-0","article-title":"Independent UK Panel on Breast Cancer Screening, The benefits and harms of breast cancer screening: an independent review","volume":"380","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet Lond. Engl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.25881","article-title":"Analysis of breast cancer mortality in the US\u20141975\u20132019","volume":"331","author":"Caswell-Jin","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2023.4837","article-title":"Global stage distribution of breast cancer at diagnosis","volume":"10","author":"Benitez Fuentes","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Cancer Policy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213538326000123?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213538326000123?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T09:30:28Z","timestamp":1777627828000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2213538326000123"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":53,"alternative-id":["S2213538326000123"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712","relation":{},"ISSN":["2213-5383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2213-5383","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Health system barriers to early detection and timely treatment of breast cancer: A scoping review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Cancer Policy","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcpo.2026.100712","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100712"}}