{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T23:58:53Z","timestamp":1768003133114,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,1]],"date-time":"2015-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1427846400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jccjournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Critical Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,3]],"date-time":"2014-12-03T21:06:10Z","timestamp":1417640770000},"page":"296-303","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Candidemia-induced pediatric sepsis and its association with free radicals, nitric oxide, and cytokine level in host"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Dharmendra","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abhai","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Smita","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ragini","family":"Tilak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0005","first-page":"10","article-title":"Candida species: current epidemiology, pathogenicity, biofilm formation, natural antifungal products and new therapeutic options","volume":"62","author":"Sardi","year":"2013","journal-title":"JMM"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2012.01.004","article-title":"Strategies for the prevention of neonatal candidiasis","volume":"53","author":"Leibovitz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr Neonatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.riam.2012.10.003","article-title":"Outbreak of fungemia caused by Candida parapsilosis in a neonatal intensive care unit: molecular investigation through microsatellite analysis","volume":"30","author":"de Silva Ruiz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev Iberoam Micol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F127","DOI":"10.1136\/fnn.2006.097758","article-title":"Candida parapsilosis infection in very low birthweight infants","volume":"92","author":"Clerihew","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-12-61","article-title":"Candidiasis caused by Candida kefyr in a neonate: case report","volume":"12","author":"Weichert","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.17.3.638-680.2004","article-title":"Clinical microbiology of bacterial and fungal sepsis in very-low-birth-weight infants","volume":"17","author":"Kaufman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-3782(12)70017-8","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and response to prophylactic fluconazole of preterm VLBW neonates with baseline and acquired fungal colonisation in NICU: data from a multicentre RCT","volume":"88","author":"Manzonia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4158","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.05474-11","article-title":"Epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility of bloodstream fungal isolates in pediatric patients: a Spanish multicenter prospective survey","volume":"49","author":"Peman","year":"2011","journal-title":"JCM"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.106.4.712","article-title":"When to suspect fungal infection in neonates: a clinical comparison of Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis fungemia with coagulase-negative staphylococcal bacteremia","volume":"106","author":"Benjamin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0050","first-page":"303","article-title":"Candida albicans in a neonatal intensive care unit: antifungal susceptibility and genotypic analysis","volume":"30","author":"Asticcioli","year":"2007","journal-title":"New Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.4.1244-1248.2002","article-title":"Biofilm production by isolates of Candida species recovered from nonneutropenic patients: comparison of bloodstream isolates with isolates from other sources","volume":"40","author":"Shin","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0060","first-page":"255","article-title":"Species distribution and antifungal susceptibility of Candida bloodstream isolates in Kuwait: a 10-year study","volume":"56","author":"Mokaddas","year":"2007","journal-title":"JMM"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2363","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.7.2363-2369.2002","article-title":"Horizontal transmission of Candida parapsilosis candidemia in a neonatal intensive care unit","volume":"40","author":"Lupetti","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb5000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/S0732-8893(98)00006-6","article-title":"Candida parapsilosis fungemia associated with implantable and semi-implantable central venous catheters and the hands of healthcare workers","volume":"30","author":"Levin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00029-06","article-title":"Epidemiology of invasive candidiasis: a persistent public health problem","volume":"20","author":"Pfaller","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.44.2.529-535.2006","article-title":"Triazole cross-resistance among Candida spp.: case report, occurrence among bloodstream isolates, and implications for antifungal therapy","volume":"44","author":"Magill","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qco.0000224821.27482.bd","article-title":"The innate immune system and its relevance to neonatal sepsis","volume":"19","author":"Kenzel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0085","first-page":"2749","article-title":"Neutrophil stimulation: receptor, membrane, and metabolic events","volume":"43","author":"Korchak","year":"1984","journal-title":"Fed Proc"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-005-9083-5","article-title":"Involvement of endogenous nitric oxide in myeloperoxidase mediated benzo(a)pyrene induced polymorphonuclear leukocytes injury","volume":"286","author":"Kumar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/S1684-1182(10)60064-3","article-title":"Long-term characteristics of healthcare-associated infections in a neonatal intensive care unit","volume":"43","author":"Ho","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Microbiol Immunol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0135","series-title":"Method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts, 3rd informational supplement","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2008"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(72)90132-7","article-title":"Colorimetric assay of catalase","volume":"47","author":"Sinha","year":"1972","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(72)80218-3","article-title":"Reactivity of D-amino acid oxidase with artificial electron acceptors","volume":"46","author":"Nishikimi","year":"1972","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5475","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)41206-4","article-title":"Purification and characterization of the flavoenzyme glutathione reductase from rat liver","volume":"250","author":"Carlberg","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(96)68016-1","article-title":"Measurement of nitrite in biological sample using nitrate reductase and Griess reaction","volume":"268","author":"Granger","year":"1996","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90527-3","article-title":"Rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding","volume":"72","author":"Bradford","year":"1976","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.93.6.1087","article-title":"Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in human, heart failure","volume":"93","author":"Haywood","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0140","first-page":"671","article-title":"Candida parapsilosis: an emerging fungal pathogen","volume":"136","author":"Singh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3134","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dku225","article-title":"Clinical validation of a multiplex real-time PCR assay for detection of invasive candidiasis in intensive care unit patients","volume":"69","author":"Fort\u00fan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1086\/514193","article-title":"Do in vitro susceptibility data predict the microbiologic response to amphotericin B? Results of a prospective study of patients with Candida fungemia","volume":"177","author":"Nguyen","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6904-5-1","article-title":"Hospital use of systemic antifungal drugs","volume":"5","author":"de With","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMC Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0160","series-title":"Candida and candiosis","first-page":"273","author":"Odds","year":"1988"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2980","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.137.9.2980","article-title":"Growth inhibition of Candida albicans by human polymorphonuclear neutrophils: activation by interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor","volume":"137","author":"Djeu","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114755","article-title":"Separation of sublethal and lethal effects of polymorphonuclear leukocytes on Escherichia coli","volume":"86","author":"Mannion","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S450","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/10.Supplement_2.S450","article-title":"Human neutrophil antimicrobial activity","volume":"2","author":"Thomas","year":"1988","journal-title":"Rev Infect Dis"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197803302981305","article-title":"Oxygen-dependent microbial killing by phagocytes (second of two parts)","volume":"298","author":"Babior","year":"1978","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1080\/1071576021000038522","article-title":"Immune cells redox state from mice with endotoxin-induced oxidative stress. Involvement of NF-kappaB","volume":"37","author":"Victor","year":"2003","journal-title":"Free Radic Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1080\/1071576031000148727","article-title":"N-acetylcysteine protects mice from lethal endotoxemia by regulating the redox state of immune cells","volume":"37","author":"Victor","year":"2003","journal-title":"Free Radic Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.2.1.42-47.1970","article-title":"Measurement of candidacidal activity of specific leukocyte types in mixed cell populations I. Normal, myeloperoxidase-deficient, and chronic granulomatous disease neutrophils","volume":"2","author":"Lehrer","year":"1970","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2008.01.033","article-title":"Role of MCP-1 in endotoxemia and sepsis","volume":"8","author":"Ramnath","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R49","DOI":"10.1186\/cc5783","article-title":"Cytokine profiles as markers of disease severity in sepsis: a multiplex analysis","volume":"11","author":"Bozza","year":"2007","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.108.4.e61","article-title":"Reactive hyperemia and interleukin 6, interleukin 8, and tumor necrosis factor-a in the diagnosis of early-onset neonatal sepsis","volume":"108","author":"Martin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2011.11.012","article-title":"Increased interleukin-10 levels correlate with bacteremia and sepsis in febrile neutropenia pediatric oncology patients","volume":"57","author":"Urbonas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S364","DOI":"10.1086\/374750","article-title":"Nuclear factor-kappaB and its role in sepsis-associated organ failure","volume":"187","author":"Abraham","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.101.6.1644","article-title":"Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis","volume":"101","author":"Bone","year":"1992","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4274(01)00369-1","article-title":"The effect of natural antioxidants, NAO and apocynin, on oxidative stress in the rat heart following LPS challenge","volume":"123","author":"Ben-Shaul","year":"2001","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1993.tb05850.x","article-title":"H2O2 and antioxidants have opposite effects on activation of NFkappaB and AP-1 in intact cells: AP-1 as secondary antioxidant-response factor","volume":"12","author":"Meyer","year":"1993","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199504000-00003","article-title":"Defining the role of oxyradicals in the pathogenesis of sepsis","volume":"23","author":"Zimmerman","year":"1995","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.1996.d01-742.x","article-title":"The involvement of nitric oxide in the anti-Candida albicans activity of rat neutrophils","volume":"89","author":"Fierro","year":"1996","journal-title":"Immunology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Critical Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0883944114004894?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0883944114004894?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,30]],"date-time":"2023-07-30T12:21:57Z","timestamp":1690719717000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0883944114004894"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0883944114004894"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023","relation":{},"ISSN":["0883-9441"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0883-9441","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Candidemia-induced pediatric sepsis and its association with free radicals, nitric oxide, and cytokine level in host","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Critical Care","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.11.023","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}