{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T01:43:31Z","timestamp":1780105411371,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,1]],"date-time":"2018-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517443200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","jccjournal.org","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Critical Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,10]],"date-time":"2017-11-10T09:15:15Z","timestamp":1510305315000},"page":"361-365","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Leptospirosis: Report from the task force on tropical diseases by the World Federation of Societies of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Juan Ignacio Silesky","family":"Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge Luis Hidalgo","family":"Marroquin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guy A.","family":"Richards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pravin","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1097\/00001432-200110000-00005","article-title":"Leptospirosis","volume":"14","author":"Vinetz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003898","article-title":"Global morbidity and mortality of leptospirosis: a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Costa","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e228","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000228","article-title":"Impact of environment and social gradient on Leptospira infection in urban slums","volume":"2","author":"Reis","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.12-0551","article-title":"Acute and potentially life-threatening tropical diseases in western travelers\u2013a GeoSentinel multicenter study, 1996\u20132011","volume":"88","author":"Jensenius","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-1349-x","article-title":"Risk factors for intensive care unit admission in patients with severe leptospirosis: a comparative study according to patients' severity","volume":"16","author":"Daher Ede","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0030","first-page":"619","article-title":"Epidemic of leptospirosis: an ICU experience","volume":"52","author":"Chawla","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Assoc. Physicians India"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003866","article-title":"Systematic review of the mortality from untreated leptospirosis","volume":"9","author":"Taylor","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0040","first-page":"240","article-title":"Risk factors for mortality in patients with leptospirosis during an epidemic in northern Kerala","volume":"17","author":"Pappachan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Natl Med. J. India"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1086\/427110","article-title":"Clinical spectrum of pulmonary involvement in leptospirosis in a region of endemicity, with quantification of leptospiral burden","volume":"40","author":"Segura","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86822012000600011","article-title":"Cases distribution of leptospirosis in city of Manaus, state of Amazonas, Brazil, 2000\u20132010","volume":"45","author":"Jesus","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0055","first-page":"65","article-title":"Leptospirosis in humans","volume":"387","author":"Haake","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.14.2.296-326.2001","article-title":"Leptospirosis","volume":"14","author":"Levett","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/trv026","article-title":"Atypical manifestations of leptospirosis","volume":"109","author":"Rajapakse","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2111","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-008-0811-4","article-title":"The kidney in leptospirosis","volume":"23","author":"Abdulkader","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr. Nephrol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1590\/S1413-86702008000300016","article-title":"Renal involvement in leptospirosis\u2013new insights into pathophysiology and treatment","volume":"12","author":"Cerqueira","year":"2008","journal-title":"Braz. J. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c25","DOI":"10.1159\/000210571","article-title":"Predictors of oliguric acute kidney injury in leptospirosis. A retrospective study on 196 consecutive patients","volume":"112","author":"Daher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nephron Clin. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-12-4","article-title":"Predictors of the development of myocarditis or acute renal failure in patients with leptospirosis: an observational study","volume":"12","author":"Dassanayake","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.5414\/CNP72186","article-title":"Acute kidney injury requiring hemodialysis in patients with anicteric leptospirosis","volume":"72","author":"Hurst","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Nephrol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2008.04.008","article-title":"Leptospiral nephropathy","volume":"28","author":"Andrade","year":"2008","journal-title":"Semin. Nephrol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2010.09.002","article-title":"Infectious diseases and the liver","volume":"15","author":"Talwani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Liver Dis."},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0105","first-page":"C44","article-title":"The liver in enteric fever and leptospirosis","volume":"20","author":"Sorabjee","year":"2001","journal-title":"Indian J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005915","article-title":"Platelet dysfunction contributes to bleeding complications in patients with probable leptospirosis","volume":"11","author":"Tunjungputri","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0115","first-page":"691","article-title":"Cardiovascular involvement in leptospirosis","volume":"48","author":"Rajiv","year":"1996","journal-title":"Indian Heart J."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0120","first-page":"215","article-title":"Severe pulmonary manifestation of leptospirosis","volume":"70","author":"Helmerhorst","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neth. J. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-010-9273-0","article-title":"Clinical and imaging manifestations of hemorrhagic pulmonary leptospirosis: a state-of-the-art review","volume":"189","author":"Marchiori","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lung"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1590\/S1413-86702007000100029","article-title":"Pathology and pathophysiology of pulmonary manifestations in leptospirosis","volume":"11","author":"Dolhnikoff","year":"2007","journal-title":"Braz. J. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0b013e3280f9df74","article-title":"Leptospiral pneumonias","volume":"13","author":"Dolhnikoff","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pulm. Med."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(03)00830-2","article-title":"Leptospirosis: a zoonotic disease of global importance","volume":"3","author":"Bharti","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-198910000-00023","article-title":"Leptospirosis: a forgotten cause of aseptic meningitis and multisystem febrile illness","volume":"82","author":"Sperber","year":"1989","journal-title":"South. Med. J."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0150","first-page":"155","article-title":"Neuroleptospirosis - revisited: experience from a tertiary care neurological centre from south India","volume":"124","author":"Mathew","year":"2006","journal-title":"Indian J. Med. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0155","unstructured":"WHO. http:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/10665\/42667\/1\/WHO_CDS_CSR_EPH_2002.23.pdf. 2003."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2012.06.001","article-title":"Laboratory investigations and diagnosis of tropical diseases in travelers","volume":"26","author":"Daly","year":"2012","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Clin. N. Am."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2012.03.011","article-title":"Laboratory diagnosis of tropical infections","volume":"26","author":"Schmitt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0170","first-page":"54","article-title":"Evaluation of darkground microscopy as a rapid diagnostic procedure in leptospirosis","volume":"114","author":"Vijayachari","year":"2001","journal-title":"Indian J. Med. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.5.4.819","article-title":"The management of leptospirosis","volume":"5","author":"Faucher","year":"2004","journal-title":"Expert. Opin. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qco.0000178824.05715.2c","article-title":"Leptospirosis","volume":"18","author":"McBride","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0287","article-title":"The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (sepsis-3)","volume":"315","author":"Singer","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000002255","article-title":"Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock: 2016","volume":"45","author":"Rhodes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.00680207","article-title":"Door-to-dialysis time and daily hemodialysis in patients with leptospirosis: impact on mortality","volume":"2","author":"Andrade","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0200","first-page":"501","article-title":"Antibiotics for the treatment of leptospirosis: systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials","volume":"4","author":"Charan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Prev. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0205","article-title":"Antibiotics for leptospirosis","volume":"2","author":"Brett-Major","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-2145-3","article-title":"Comparing antibiotic treatment for leptospirosis using network meta-analysis: a tutorial","volume":"17","author":"Naing","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1086\/425001","article-title":"An open, randomized, controlled trial of penicillin, doxycycline, and cefotaxime for patients with severe leptospirosis","volume":"39","author":"Suputtamongkol","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1086\/375226","article-title":"Ceftriaxone compared with sodium penicillin G for treatment of severe leptospirosis","volume":"36","author":"Panaphut","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0059266","article-title":"The Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction in leptospirosis: a systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Guerrier","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.16-0457","article-title":"Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction among patients with leptospirosis: incidence and risk factors","volume":"96","author":"Guerrier","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transci.2011.07.012","article-title":"Potential benefits of plasma exchange by apheresis on the treatment of severe icteric leptospirosis: case report and literature review","volume":"45","author":"Cerdas-Quesada","year":"2011","journal-title":"Transfus. Apher. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0240","first-page":"482","article-title":"Potential benefit of plasma exchange in treatment of severe icteric leptospirosis complicated by acute renal failure","volume":"9","author":"Tse","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0245","first-page":"429","article-title":"Plasma exchange with immunosuppression in pulmonary alveolar haemorrhage due to leptospirosis","volume":"131","author":"Trivedi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Indian J. Med. Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/tru148","article-title":"High dose corticosteroids in severe leptospirosis: a systematic review","volume":"108","author":"Rodrigo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2009.03037.x","article-title":"An open randomized controlled trial of desmopressin and pulse dexamethasone as adjunct therapy in patients with pulmonary involvement associated with severe leptospirosis","volume":"16","author":"Niwattayakul","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0260","first-page":"78","article-title":"Is it time to rethink the use of steroids for pulmonary leptospirosis?","volume":"64","author":"Hingorani","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Assoc. Physicians India"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0039672","article-title":"Leptospirosis outbreak following severe flooding: a rapid assessment and mass prophylaxis campaign; Guyana, January\u2013February 2005","volume":"7","author":"Dechet","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["Journal of Critical Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0883944117317227?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0883944117317227?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,26]],"date-time":"2025-06-26T23:34:14Z","timestamp":1750980854000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0883944117317227"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"references-count":53,"alternative-id":["S0883944117317227"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0883-9441"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0883-9441","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Leptospirosis: Report from the task force on tropical diseases by the World Federation of Societies of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Critical Care","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.11.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}