{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T10:01:14Z","timestamp":1791021674891,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,29]],"date-time":"2020-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580256000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006520","name":"Edwards Lifesciences Corp","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006520","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Critical Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,21]],"date-time":"2020-01-21T11:37:17Z","timestamp":1579606637000},"page":"5-12","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Abnormal shock index exposure and clinical outcomes among critically ill patients: A retrospective cohort analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Kamal","family":"Maheshwari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian H.","family":"Nathanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sibyl H.","family":"Munson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seungyoung","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Halit O.","family":"Yapici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitali","family":"Stevens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles F.","family":"Hunley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0005","author":"Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0010","series-title":"Utilization of Intensive Care Services","author":"Barrett","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181b090d0","article-title":"Critical care medicine in the United States 2000-2005: an analysis of bed numbers, occupancy rates, payer mix, and costs","volume":"38","author":"Halpern","year":"2010","journal-title":"Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1666","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201012-1961OC","article-title":"Comparison of medical admissions to intensive care units in the United States and United Kingdom","volume":"183","author":"Wunsch","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000201896.45809.E3","article-title":"Does dopamine administration in shock influence outcome? Results of the Sepsis Occurrence in Acutely Ill Patients (SOAP) study*","volume":"34","author":"Sakr","year":"2006","journal-title":"Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1726","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1208943","article-title":"Circulatory shock","volume":"369","author":"Vincent","year":"2013","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340050008","article-title":"Myocardial necrosis in ICU patients with acute non-cardiac disease: a prospective study","volume":"26","author":"Arlati","year":"2000","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-018-5218-5","article-title":"The relationship between ICU hypotension and in-hospital mortality and morbidity in septic patients","volume":"44","author":"Maheshwari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0287","article-title":"The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3) consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock","volume":"315","author":"Singer","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066616679606","article-title":"Elevated modified shock index within 24 hours of ICU admission is an early Indicator of mortality in the critically ill","volume":"33","author":"Smischney","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Intensive Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.2147\/OAEM.S178358","article-title":"Shock index in the emergency department: utility and limitations","volume":"11","author":"Koch","year":"2019","journal-title":"Open Access Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0060","first-page":"1947","article-title":"Shock index","volume":"92","author":"Allgower","year":"1967","journal-title":"Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.5811\/westjem.2012.8.11546","article-title":"Shock index and early recognition of sepsis in the emergency department: pilot study","volume":"14","author":"Berger","year":"2013","journal-title":"West J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joad.2015.04.006","article-title":"Shock index as a mortality predictor in patients with acute polytrauma","volume":"4","author":"Montoya","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Acute Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa010307","article-title":"Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe Sepsis and septic shock","volume":"345","author":"Rivers","year":"2001","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-018-5415-2","article-title":"Fluid administration for acute circulatory dysfunction using basic monitoring: narrative review and expert panel recommendations from an ESICM task force","volume":"45","author":"Cecconi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2015.09.014","article-title":"Association of triage time shock index, modified shock index, and age shock index with mortality in emergency severity index level 2 patients","volume":"34","author":"Torabi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-9572(92)90006-X","article-title":"Shock index: a re-evaluation in acute circulatory failure","volume":"23","author":"Rady","year":"1992","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0095","first-page":"1","article-title":"Improving global outcomes (KDIGO). KDIGO clinical practice guideline for acute Kidney injury","volume":"2","author":"Kellum","year":"2012","journal-title":"Kidney Int. Suppl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000001432","article-title":"Relationship between intraoperative hypotension, defined by either reduction from baseline or absolute thresholds, and acute kidney and myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery: a retrospective cohort analysis","volume":"126","author":"Salmasi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0105","series-title":"Regression modeling strategies: With applications to linear models, logistic and ordinal regression, and survival analysis","author":"Harrell","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0110","article-title":"Regression standard errors in clustered samples","volume":"3","author":"Rogers","year":"1994","journal-title":"Stata Tech. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8","article-title":"A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation","volume":"40","author":"Charlson","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Chronic Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0006-341X.2000.00645.x","article-title":"A note on robust variance estimation for cluster-correlated data","volume":"56","author":"Williams","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1136\/emermed-2015-205532","article-title":"Clinical metrics in emergency medicine: the shock index and the probability of hospital admission and inpatient mortality","volume":"34","author":"Balhara","year":"2017","journal-title":"Emerg. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.5811\/westjem.2014.7.21304","article-title":"Shock index and prediction of traumatic hemorrhagic shock 28-day mortality: data from the DCLHb resuscitation clinical trials","volume":"15","author":"Sloan","year":"2014","journal-title":"West J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R172","DOI":"10.1186\/cc12851","article-title":"The shock index revisited - a fast guide to transfusion requirement? A retrospective analysis on 21,853 patients derived from the TraumaRegister DGU","volume":"17","author":"Mutschler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Crit. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.5811\/westjem.2013.7.18472","article-title":"The shock index as a predictor of vasopressor use in emergency department patients with severe sepsis","volume":"15","author":"Wira","year":"2014","journal-title":"West J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1197\/aemj.9.2.115","article-title":"Shock index in the first trimester of pregnancy and its relationship to ruptured ectopic pregnancy","volume":"9","author":"Birkhahn","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acad. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1080\/01443610600747314","article-title":"An evaluation of the shock index in predicting ruptured ectopic pregnancy","volume":"26","author":"Onah","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Obstet. Gynaecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.07.062","article-title":"Usefulness of the admission shock index for predicting short-term outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction","volume":"114","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.20452\/pamw.2552","article-title":"Prognostic role of the simplified pulmonary embolism severity index and shock index in pulmonary embolism","volume":"124","author":"Kilic","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pol. Arch. Med. Wewn."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0b013e31829b1778","article-title":"An increase in initial shock index is associated with the requirement for massive transfusion in emergency department patients with primary postpartum hemorrhage","volume":"40","author":"Sohn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-007-9131-5","article-title":"Shock index correlates with extravasation on angiographs of gastrointestinal hemorrhage: a logistics regression analysis","volume":"30","author":"Nakasone","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Interv. Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/cc12157","article-title":"Accuracy of the shock index and various modified shock indexes to predict early mortality in patients suffering from gastrointestinal haemorrhage","volume":"17","author":"Bourque","year":"2013","journal-title":"Crit. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.10.018","article-title":"Predictors of hemodynamic derangement during intubation in the critically ill: a nested case-control study of hemodynamic management-part II","volume":"44","author":"Smischney","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Crit. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2015.04.013","article-title":"Evaluation of preintubation shock index and modified shock index as predictors of postintubation hypotension and other short-term outcomes","volume":"30","author":"Trivedi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Crit. Care"}],"container-title":["Journal of Critical Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0883944119317381?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0883944119317381?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T19:42:06Z","timestamp":1760125326000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0883944119317381"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["S0883944119317381"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024","relation":{},"ISSN":["0883-9441"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0883-9441","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Abnormal shock index exposure and clinical outcomes among critically ill patients: A retrospective cohort analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Critical Care","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.01.024","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}