{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T15:07:07Z","timestamp":1785683227533,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,1]],"date-time":"2007-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1170288000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2006.11.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,9]],"date-time":"2006-12-09T12:16:29Z","timestamp":1165666589000},"page":"106-111","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Detection of West Nile virus in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human tissues by RT-PCR: A useful adjunct to conventional tissue-based diagnostic methods"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Julu","family":"Bhatnagar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeannette","family":"Guarner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher D.","family":"Paddock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wun-Ju","family":"Shieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert S.","family":"Lanciotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony A.","family":"Marfin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grant L.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sherif R.","family":"Zaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2006.11.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9179","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/12.23.9179","article-title":"The complete sequence of a full length cDNA for human liver glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase: evidence for multiple mRNA species","volume":"12","author":"Arcari","year":"1984","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2006.11.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-0934(02)00209-4","article-title":"RNA extraction and RT-PCR procedures adapted for the detection of enterovirus sequences from frozen and paraffin-embedded formalin-fixed spinal cord samples","volume":"107","author":"Beaulieux","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2006.11.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0704.010414","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of the West Nile fever outbreak, Israel, 2000","volume":"7","author":"Chowers","year":"2001","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2006.11.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1097\/00019606-199409000-00003","article-title":"Effects of fixative and fixation time on the extraction and polymerase chain reaction amplification of RNA from paraffin-embedded tissue. Comparison of two housekeeping gene mRNA controls","volume":"3","author":"Foss","year":"1994","journal-title":"Diagn Mol Pathol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2006.11.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2004.04.008","article-title":"Clinicopathologic study and laboratory diagnosis of 23 cases with West Nile virus encephalomyelitis","volume":"35","author":"Guarner","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2006.11.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0704.010425","article-title":"Detection of North American West Nile virus in animal tissue by a reverse transcription-nested polymerase chain reaction assay","volume":"7","author":"Johnson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2006.11.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3661","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.8.3661-3667.2003","article-title":"Virus detection protocols for west nile virus in vertebrate and mosquito specimens","volume":"41","author":"Kauffman","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2006.11.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4506","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.12.4506-4513.2001","article-title":"Nucleic acid sequence-based amplification assays for rapid detection of West Nile and St. Louis encephalitis viruses","volume":"39","author":"Lanciotti","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2006.11.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2333","DOI":"10.1126\/science.286.5448.2333","article-title":"Origin of the West Nile virus responsible for an outbreak of encephalitis in the northeastern United States","volume":"286","author":"Lanciotti","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2006.11.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4066","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.11.4066-4071.2000","article-title":"Rapid detection of west nile virus from human clinical specimens, field-collected mosquitoes, and avian samples by a TaqMan reverse transcriptase-PCR assay","volume":"38","author":"Lanciotti","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2006.11.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.5.1823-1826.2000","article-title":"Standardization of immunoglobulin M capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for routine diagnosis of arboviral infections","volume":"38","author":"Martin","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2006.11.003_bib12","first-page":"1","article-title":"Virus taxonomy, classification and nomenclature of viruses","volume":"10","author":"Murphy","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2006.11.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1086\/503841","article-title":"Fatal hemorrhagic fever in a United States patient caused by West Nile virus","volume":"42","author":"Paddock","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2006.11.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.1.257-263.2004","article-title":"Real-time reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification for rapid detection of West Nile virus","volume":"42","author":"Parida","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2006.11.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1086\/500216","article-title":"Persistent neuroinvasive West Nile virus infection in an immunocompromised patient","volume":"42","author":"Penn","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2006.11.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-0934(94)00142-4","article-title":"Detection and sequence confirmation of Sin Nombre virus RNA in paraffin-embedded human tissues using one-step RT-PCR","volume":"51","author":"Schwarz","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2006.11.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.4.1264-1271.2001","article-title":"High-throughput detection of West Nile virus RNA","volume":"39","author":"Shi","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2006.11.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2004.01.003","article-title":"Detection of West Nile virus using formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues in crows and horses: quantification of viral transcripts by real-time RT-PCR","volume":"30","author":"Tewari","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2006.11.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2006.02.002","article-title":"A simple method for detection of rabies viral sequences in 16-year old archival brain specimens with one-week fixation in formalin","volume":"134","author":"Wacharapluesadee","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1386653206004124?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1386653206004124?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,19]],"date-time":"2020-04-19T06:59:52Z","timestamp":1587279592000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1386653206004124"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S1386653206004124"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcv.2006.11.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["1386-6532"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1386-6532","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]}}}