{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T14:52:50Z","timestamp":1768920770483,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,1]],"date-time":"2013-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1380585600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journalofclinicalvirology.com","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,31]],"date-time":"2013-07-31T05:01:20Z","timestamp":1375246880000},"page":"455-460","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Co-circulation of multiple genotypes of human rhinovirus during a large outbreak of respiratory illness in a veterans\u2019 long-term care home"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Samira","family":"Mubareka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Louie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henry","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Granados","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sylvia","family":"Chong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathy","family":"Luinstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Astrid","family":"Petrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Smieja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Vearncombe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Mahony","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Simor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"February (2)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2011.10.010","article-title":"An outbreak of severe respiratory tract infection due to human metapneumovirus in a long-term care facility for the elderly in Oregon","volume":"53","author":"Liao","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"issue":"May (9)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1086\/513204","article-title":"An outbreak of severe respiratory tract infection due to human metapneumovirus in a long-term care facility","volume":"44","author":"Boivin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"March\u2013April (2)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0015","first-page":"120","article-title":"Cluster deaths in long-term care institutions: an investigation of excess deaths in two Ontario institutions","volume":"86","author":"Naglie","year":"1995","journal-title":"Can J Public Health"},{"issue":"April (8)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0020","first-page":"1133","article-title":"Surveillance for outbreaks of respiratory tract infections in nursing homes","volume":"162","author":"Loeb","year":"2000","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"issue":"February (2)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.00529.x","article-title":"Two outbreaks of severe respiratory disease in nursing homes associated with rhinovirus","volume":"54","author":"Hicks","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"July (2)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1086\/430915","article-title":"Rhinovirus outbreak in a long term care facility for elderly persons associated with unusually high mortality","volume":"41","author":"Louie","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"May (3)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e11","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-2659.2012.00336.x","article-title":"Respiratory viral infections in institutions from late stage of the first and second waves of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009, Ontario, Canada","volume":"6","author":"Asner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respi Viruses"},{"issue":"September (9)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1609.100476","article-title":"Rhinovirus outbreaks in long-term care facilities, Ontario, Canada","volume":"16","author":"Longtin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"October (10)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2036","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2010.03091.x","article-title":"Severe human rhinovirus outbreak associated with fatalities in a long-term care facility in Ontario, Canada","volume":"58","author":"Longtin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"February (1)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0b013e3282f41cb6","article-title":"New developments in the epidemiology and clinical spectrum of rhinovirus infections","volume":"20","author":"Brownlee","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"issue":"August (4)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201112-2240OC","article-title":"Viral infection in patients with severe pneumonia requiring intensive care unit admission","volume":"186","author":"Choi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"May (5)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2008.105155","article-title":"Respiratory viruses in bronchoalveolar lavage: a hospital-based cohort study in adults","volume":"64","author":"Garbino","year":"2009","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"December (6)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.08-0888","article-title":"Viral infection in adults hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia: prevalence, pathogens, and presentation","volume":"134","author":"Johnstone","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"October","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0070","article-title":"Rhino\/enteroviruses in hospitalized children: a comparison to influenza viruses","author":"Messacar","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"issue":"April (5923)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1165557","article-title":"Sequencing and analyses of all known human rhinovirus genomes reveal structure and evolution","volume":"324","author":"Palmenberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"May","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0080","article-title":"From sneeze to wheeze: what we know about rhinovirus Cs","author":"Miller","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"issue":"November (11)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1886","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1811.120607","article-title":"Fatal respiratory infections associated with rhinovirus outbreak, Vietnam","volume":"18","author":"Hai le","year":"2012","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"November (9)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201202-0330OC","article-title":"Human rhinovirus species and season of infection determine illness severity","volume":"186","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"July (13)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4907","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.13.4907","article-title":"cDNA cloning reveals that the major group rhinovirus receptor on HeLa cells is intercellular adhesion molecule 1","volume":"86","author":"Tomassini","year":"1989","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"February (2)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(91)90098-V","article-title":"The major and minor group receptor families contain all but one human rhinovirus serotype","volume":"180","author":"Uncapher","year":"1991","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"March (3)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.64.3.1117-1123.1990","article-title":"Two groups of rhinoviruses revealed by a panel of antiviral compounds present sequence divergence and differential pathogenicity","volume":"64","author":"Andries","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"March (5)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1839","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.5.1839","article-title":"Members of the low density lipoprotein receptor family mediate cell entry of a minor-group common cold virus","volume":"91","author":"Hofer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e10588","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010588","article-title":"Rhinovirus genome evolution during experimental human infection","volume":"5","author":"Cordey","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"May (5)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1505.081286","article-title":"New respiratory enterovirus and recombinant rhinoviruses among circulating picornaviruses","volume":"15","author":"Tapparel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"October (19)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10297","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00962-10","article-title":"Analysis of genetic diversity and sites of recombination in human rhinovirus species C","volume":"84","author":"McIntyre","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"December (11)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1702","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir634","article-title":"Human rhinovirus species associated with hospitalizations for acute respiratory illness in young US children","volume":"204","author":"Iwane","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"October (2)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2010.07.013","article-title":"Human rhinovirus C infections mirror those of human rhinovirus A in children with community-acquired pneumonia","volume":"49","author":"Xiang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0140","series-title":"Annex B\u2013Best Practices for Prevention of Transmission of Acute Respiratory Infection. Annexed to: Routine Practices and Additional Precautions in All Health Care Settings, Toronto, ON, Canada","author":"Ontario Agency for Health Protection and Promotion PIDAC","year":"2013"},{"issue":"May (3)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.644","article-title":"Newly identified human rhinoviruses: molecular methods heat up the cold viruses","volume":"20","author":"Arden","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rev Med Virol"},{"issue":"February (3)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1086\/525542","article-title":"Rhinovirus transmission within families with children: incidence of symptomatic and asymptomatic infections","volume":"197","author":"Peltola","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"April (4)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02130-08","article-title":"5\u2032 noncoding region alone does not unequivocally determine genetic type of human rhinovirus strains","volume":"47","author":"Savolainen-Kopra","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"March (3)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2006.12.016","article-title":"Molecular characterization of a variant rhinovirus from an outbreak associated with uncommonly high mortality","volume":"38","author":"Kiang","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"issue":"November (11)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3736","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00674-08","article-title":"Assay for 5\u2032 noncoding region analysis of all human rhinovirus prototype strains","volume":"46","author":"Kiang","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0170","series-title":"International Conference of the American Thoracic Society","article-title":"Comparison of three typing methods for human rhinoviruses based on sequence analysis of partial 5\u2032 NCR, vp2\/4, and vp1 regions","author":"Lu xaE","year":"2008"},{"issue":"May","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0175","article-title":"Proposals for the classification of human rhinovirus species A, B and C into genotypically assigned types","author":"McIntyre","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"issue":"February (3)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201104-0660OC","article-title":"Evidence for a causal relationship between allergic sensitization and rhinovirus wheezing in early life","volume":"185","author":"Jackson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"December (4)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2012.08.023","article-title":"Use of an improved quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay to determine differences in human rhinovirus viral loads in different populations","volume":"74","author":"Granados","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"September (3)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/156.3.442","article-title":"Aerosol transmission of rhinovirus colds","volume":"156","author":"Dick","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.epirev.a036024","article-title":"Mechanisms of transmission of rhinovirus infections","volume":"10","author":"Hendley","year":"1988","journal-title":"Epidemiol Rev"},{"issue":"December (4)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00145641","article-title":"Transmission and control of rhinovirus colds","volume":"3","author":"Jennings","year":"1987","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"April (4)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-88-4-463","article-title":"Hand-to-hand transmission of rhinovirus colds","volume":"88","author":"Gwaltney","year":"1978","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"November (5)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a113473","article-title":"Transmission of experimental rhinovirus infection by contaminated surfaces","volume":"116","author":"Gwaltney","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"August (8)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2837","article-title":"The microbial olympics","volume":"10","author":"Youle","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"January (1)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2006.00949.x","article-title":"Influenza and rhinovirus infections among health-care workers","volume":"12","author":"Bellei","year":"2007","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"issue":"May (5)","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(82)80571-4","article-title":"Concurrent outbreaks of rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in an intensive care nursery: epidemiology and associated risk factors","volume":"100","author":"Valenti","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Pediatr"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1386653213002692?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1386653213002692?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]],"date-time":"2020-08-01T04:15:57Z","timestamp":1596255357000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1386653213002692"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S1386653213002692"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037","relation":{},"ISSN":["1386-6532"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1386-6532","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Co-circulation of multiple genotypes of human rhinovirus during a large outbreak of respiratory illness in a veterans\u2019 long-term care home","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Clinical Virology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.037","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}