{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T00:05:26Z","timestamp":1793232326994,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003074","name":"Agencia Nacional de Promoci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica y Tecnol\u00f3gica","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003074","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021778","name":"Agencia Nacional De Promoci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica Y Tecnol\u00f3gica","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021778","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100003024","name":"International Society for Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100003024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008056","name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Florencio Fiorini","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008056","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T16:44:33Z","timestamp":1764089073000},"page":"105891","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Bacterial colonization and life-threatening respiratory syncytial virus infection in children"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"182","author":[{"given":"Eduardo L.","family":"L\u00f3pez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fausto Mart\u00edn","family":"Ferolla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agustina F.","family":"Denardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noelia","family":"Iraizos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda M.","family":"Contrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4164-7674","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricio L.","family":"Acosta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30938-8","article-title":"Global, regional, and national disease burden estimates of acute lower respiratory infections due to respiratory syncytial virus in young children in 2015: a systematic review and modelling study","volume":"390","author":"Shi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201603-0658OC","article-title":"Mortality due to respiratory syncytial virus. Burden and risk factors","volume":"195","author":"Geoghegan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-013-8368-9","article-title":"Respiratory syncytial virus--a comprehensive review","volume":"45","author":"Borchers","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Rev. Allergy Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferolla F.M., Hijano D.R., Acosta P.L., et al. Macronutrients during pregnancy and life-threatening respiratory syncytial virus infections in children. Am J Respir Crit Care Med;187:983-990.","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201301-0016OC"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0804877","article-title":"The burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection in young children","volume":"360","author":"Hall","year":"2009","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiac033","article-title":"Serum vitamin D levels and life-threatening respiratory syncytial virus infection in previously healthy infants","volume":"226","author":"Ferolla","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000002827","article-title":"Genetic susceptibility to life-threatening respiratory syncytial virus infection in previously healthy infants","volume":"39","author":"Lopez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI75183","article-title":"TLR4 genotype and environmental LPS mediate RSV bronchiolitis through Th2 polarization","volume":"125","author":"Caballero","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2016.08.011","article-title":"Determinants of host susceptibility to murine respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease identify a role for the innate immunity scavenger receptor MARCO gene in human infants","volume":"11","author":"High","year":"2016","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy340","article-title":"MUC5AC levels associated with respiratory syncytial virus disease severity","author":"Rajan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e494","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.13148","article-title":"Alcohol during pregnancy worsens acute respiratory infections in children","volume":"104","author":"Libster","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268816002648","article-title":"IL-8\/IL-17 gene variations and the susceptibility to severe viral bronchiolitis","volume":"145","author":"Pinto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00152-2016","article-title":"Association of nasopharyngeal microbiota profiles with bronchiolitis severity in infants hospitalised for bronchiolitis","volume":"48","author":"Hasegawa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"issue":"341-52","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib14","article-title":"Airway microbiota dynamics uncover a critical window for interplay of pathogenic bacteria and allergy in childhood respiratory disease","volume":"24","author":"Teo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.13179","article-title":"Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization of the nasopharynx is associated with increased severity during respiratory syncytial virus infection in young children","volume":"23","author":"Brealey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201602-0220OC","article-title":"Nasopharyngeal microbiota, host transcriptome, and disease severity in children with respiratory syncytial virus infection","volume":"194","author":"de Steenhuijsen Piters","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiab481","article-title":"Nasopharyngeal codetection of haemophilus influenzae and streptococcus pneumoniae shapes respiratory syncytial virus disease outcomes in children","volume":"225","author":"Diaz-Diaz","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2379","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-46648-3","article-title":"Targeted metagenomics reveals association between severity and pathogen co-detection in infants with respiratory syncytial virus","volume":"15","author":"Lin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2007.05.012","article-title":"Nasal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in healthy children and adults in northern Taiwan","volume":"59","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1111\/1348-0421.12965","article-title":"Secondary streptococcal infection following influenza","volume":"66","author":"Okahashi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279159","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1279159","article-title":"A cooperativity between virus and bacteria during respiratory infections","volume":"14","author":"Lalbiaktluangi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.29715","article-title":"MUC5AC: a potential biomarker of severity in pediatric patients infected with influenza","volume":"96","author":"Lopez","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"issue":"005","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib23","first-page":"9","article-title":"Respiratory syncytial virus infection is associated with increased bacterial load in the upper respiratory tract in young children","volume":"S1","author":"Chappell","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol. Diagn."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4174","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-54256-w","article-title":"Pneumococcal colonization and coinfecting respiratory viruses in children under 5 years in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a prospective case-control study","volume":"14","author":"Wada","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0298104","article-title":"No association between disease severity and respiratory syncytial virus subtypes RSV-A and RSV-B in hospitalized young children in Norway","volume":"19","author":"Boas","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLOS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciae085","article-title":"Seasonality, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of respiratory syncytial virus disease by subtype among children aged <5 years: new vaccine surveillance network, United States, 2016-2020","volume":"78","author":"Toepfer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.15419","article-title":"Respiratory syncytial virus subtype circulation and associated disease severity at an Australian paediatric referral hospital, 2014-2018","volume":"57","author":"Saravanos","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Paediatr. Child Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121-024-01012-2","article-title":"Differences between RSV A and RSV B subgroups and implications for pharmaceutical preventive measures","volume":"13","author":"Nuttens","year":"2024","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2024.07.020","article-title":"Antibody levels against respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein conformations and lack of association with life-threatening infection in previously healthy infants","volume":"42","author":"Bonnin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.08.048","article-title":"Natural history and epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus infection in the Middle East: hospital surveillance for children under age two in Jordan","volume":"33","author":"Halasa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir494","article-title":"Respiratory syncytial virus load, viral dynamics, and disease severity in previously healthy naturally infected children","volume":"204","author":"El Saleeby","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofx163.1180","article-title":"Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) nasopharyngeal carriage in children under 3 years old, attending day care centers in Argentina","volume":"4","author":"Gentile","year":"2017","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(18)30449-1","article-title":"Bacterial and viral respiratory tract microbiota and host characteristics in children with lower respiratory tract infections: a matched case-control study","volume":"7","author":"Man","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Respir. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31822e68e6","article-title":"Respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospitalizations among infants and young children in the United States, 1997-2006","volume":"31","author":"Stockman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8269400","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8269400","article-title":"Burden of respiratory syncytial virus associated severe pneumonia in hospitalized children","volume":"2021","author":"Gonapaladeniya","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-12-95","article-title":"Residential crowding and severe respiratory syncytial virus disease among infants and young children: a systematic literature review","volume":"12","author":"Colosia","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1386653225001337?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1386653225001337?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T06:07:01Z","timestamp":1777615621000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1386653225001337"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":36,"alternative-id":["S1386653225001337"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891","relation":{},"ISSN":["1386-6532"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1386-6532","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Bacterial colonization and life-threatening respiratory syncytial virus infection in children","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Clinical Virology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105891","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"105891"}}