{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T09:43:53Z","timestamp":1792662233032,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2026.106014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T20:45:31Z","timestamp":1791319531000},"page":"106014","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Serological evidence of subclinical Usutu virus exposure among West Nile virus-seropositive individuals in Israel"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"187","author":[{"given":"Enosh","family":"Tomer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilana S.","family":"Fratty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suha","family":"Alkaderi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ravit","family":"Koren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiri","family":"Katz-Likvornik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osnat","family":"Halpern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6124-9155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yael","family":"Weiss-Ottolenghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gili","family":"Regev-Yochay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Indenbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7949-5912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yaniv","family":"Lustig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2026.106014_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.3390\/v7010219","article-title":"Usutu virus: an emerging flavivirus in Europe","volume":"7","author":"Ashraf","year":"2015","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2026.106014_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268819001213","article-title":"Usutu virus: a new threat?","volume":"147","author":"Cl\u00e9","year":"2019","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Infect."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2026.106014_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.3390\/v15010077","article-title":"Human Usutu virus infections in Europe: a new risk on horizon?","volume":"15","author":"Cadar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2026.106014_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2421","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02421","article-title":"Surveillance and diagnosis of West Nile virus in the face of flavivirus cross-reactivity","volume":"9","author":"Lustig","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2026.106014_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1056\/EVIDoa2500169","article-title":"West Nile Virus-neutralizing plasma for West Nile virus disease","volume":"5","author":"Regev-Yochay","year":"2026","journal-title":"NEJM Evid."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2026.106014_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0179774","article-title":"The seroprevalence of West Nile virus in Israel: a nationwide cross sectional study","volume":"12","author":"Bassal","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2026.106014_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2025.110555","article-title":"Cross-protection against St. Louis encephalitis virus and Usutu virus by West Nile virus convalescent plasma","volume":"608","author":"Hossain","year":"2025","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"47","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2026.106014_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.47.1900180","article-title":"Clinical and virological findings in patients with Usutu virus infection, northern Italy, 2018","volume":"24","author":"Pacenti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. Surveill."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2026.106014_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.3390\/v17101357","article-title":"Differentiation of West Nile and Usutu virus infections by antibodies directed to the non-structural protein 1","volume":"17","author":"Ro\u00dfbacher","year":"2025","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2026.106014_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-70-1-37","article-title":"Antigenic relationships between flaviviruses as determined by cross-neutralization tests with polyclonal antisera","volume":"70","author":"Calisher","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2026.106014_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2931","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.15444","article-title":"Usutu virus infection in Dutch blood donors","volume":"59","author":"Zaaijer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2026.106014_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2506.181755","article-title":"West Nile and Usutu virus infections and challenges to blood safety in the European Union","volume":"25","author":"Domanovi\u0107","year":"2019","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"33","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2026.106014_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.33.2200929","article-title":"Epidemiology, surveillance and diagnosis of Usutu virus infection in the EU\/EEA, 2012\u20132021","volume":"28","author":"Angeloni","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. Surveill."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2026.106014_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1145981","article-title":"Evolutionary dynamics of Usutu virus: worldwide dispersal patterns and transmission dynamics in Europe","volume":"14","author":"Siljic","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2026.106014_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.3390\/v12101099","article-title":"Exposure of horses in Israel to West Nile virus and Usutu virus","volume":"12","author":"Schvartz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2026.106014_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2005.10.030","article-title":"A rapid and quantitative assay for measuring antibody-mediated neutralization of West Nile virus infection","volume":"346","author":"Pierson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2026.106014_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2310.171017","article-title":"Usutu virus RNA in mosquitoes, Israel, 2014\u20132015","volume":"23","author":"Mannasse","year":"2017","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2026.106014_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2025.105857","article-title":"Diagnostic insights from the 2024 West Nile Virus outbreak in Israel: Emphasizing the utility of molecular testing over serology","volume":"180","author":"Indenbaum","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Clin. Virol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2026.106014_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.8042","article-title":"West Nile virus: review of the literature","volume":"310","author":"Petersen","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2026.106014_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2026.2615482","article-title":"West Nile virus: epidemiology, prevention, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and open research questions","volume":"58","author":"Zerbato","year":"2026","journal-title":"Ann. Med."},{"issue":"41","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2026.106014_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.41.17-00644","article-title":"Usutu virus infections among blood donors, Austria, July and August 2017 \u2013 raising awareness for diagnostic challenges","volume":"22","author":"Bakonyi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Surveill."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2026.106014_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30501","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.14.30501","article-title":"Blood donor screening for West Nile virus (WNV) revealed acute Usutu virus (USUV) infection, Germany, September 2016","volume":"22","author":"Cadar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Surveill."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S138665322600106X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S138665322600106X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T09:33:28Z","timestamp":1792661608000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S138665322600106X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":22,"alternative-id":["S138665322600106X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcv.2026.106014","relation":{},"ISSN":["1386-6532"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1386-6532","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Serological evidence of subclinical Usutu virus exposure among West Nile virus-seropositive individuals in Israel","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Clinical Virology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcv.2026.106014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106014"}}