{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T13:21:09Z","timestamp":1794057669080,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019691","name":"University of Alberta Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Dentistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T03:01:04Z","timestamp":1739415664000},"page":"105622","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Automated pediatric TMJ articular disk identification and displacement classification in MRI with machine learning"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"155","author":[{"given":"Roxana","family":"Azma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhilash","family":"Hareendranathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengxun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phu","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Assefa","family":"S Wahd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5314-2297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacob L.","family":"Jaremko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2088-4224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabiana","family":"T\u2024 Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coms.2017.09.002","article-title":"Development of the pediatric temporomandibular joint","volume":"30","author":"Bender","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oral Maxillofac. Surg. Clin. North Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-017-4000-0","article-title":"Temporomandibular joint atlas for detection and grading of juvenile idiopathic arthritis involvement by magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"48","author":"Kellenberger","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr. Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-009-9659-4","article-title":"Temporomandibular joint: disorders, treatments, and biomechanics","volume":"37","author":"Ingawale","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-020-03710-w","article-title":"Prevalence of temporomandibular joint disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Valesan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Investig."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(93)70027-L","article-title":"Pediatric internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint: effect on facial development","volume":"104","author":"Schellhas","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e393","DOI":"10.11607\/jomi.te20","article-title":"Temporomandibular joint disorders: a review of etiology, clinical management, and tissue engineering strategies","volume":"28","author":"Murphy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Implants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-020-01234-z","article-title":"Prevalence of temporomandibular disorder in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis\u2013a Norwegian cross-sectional multicentre study","volume":"20","author":"Fischer","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC. Oral Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0008","first-page":"405","article-title":"Diagnostic imaging for temporomandibular disorders and orofacial pain","volume":"57","author":"Hunter","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dent. Clin."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr\/23427399","article-title":"Limitation of the diagnostic value of MR images for diagnosing temporomandibular joint disorders","volume":"35","author":"Widmalm","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac. Radiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr\/25151578","article-title":"Diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance imaging for detecting osseous abnormalities of the temporomandibular joint and its correlation with cone beam computed tomography","volume":"39","author":"Alkhader","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac. Radiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coms.2017.08.008","article-title":"Imaging of the pediatric temporomandibular joint","volume":"30","author":"Hammer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oral Maxillofac. Surg. Clin."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1067\/moe.2000.106300","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging of the temporomandibular joint: interobserver agreement in subjective classification of disk status","volume":"90","author":"Nebbe","year":"2000","journal-title":"Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12016","article-title":"Disc displacement within the human temporomandibular joint: a systematic review of a \u2018noisy annoyance\u2019","volume":"40","author":"Naeije","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Oral Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2019.12.006","article-title":"Artificial intelligence in medical imaging","author":"Gore","year":"2020","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-04354-w","article-title":"Automated segmentation of articular disc of the temporomandibular joint on magnetic resonance images using deep learning","volume":"12","author":"Ito","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2022.104345","article-title":"Temporomandibular joint segmentation in MRI images using deep learning","volume":"127","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Dent."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6680","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-86115-3","article-title":"Using deep learning to predict temporomandibular joint disc perforation based on magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"11","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11352","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-15231-5","article-title":"Advantages of deep learning with convolutional neural network in detecting disc displacement of the temporomandibular joint in magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"12","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-023-05616-7","article-title":"MRI of the temporomandibular joint in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: protocol and findings","volume":"53","author":"Inarejos Clemente","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pediatr. Radiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76.e21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2020.06.020","article-title":"Imaging of the temporomandibular joint","volume":"76","author":"Whyte","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Radiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-022-03056-2","article-title":"Classifying temporomandibular disorder with artificial intelligent architecture using magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"51","author":"Kao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann. Biomed. Eng."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr.20210185","article-title":"Automatic segmentation of the temporomandibular joint disc on magnetic resonance images using a deep learning technique","volume":"51","author":"Nozawa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac. Radiol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.4329\/wjr.v6.i8.567","article-title":"Imaging of the temporomandibular joint: an update","volume":"6","author":"Bag","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. Radiol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2005.12.005","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of temporomandibular joint disc displacement\u2014A review of 144 cases","volume":"35","author":"Whyte","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.263055091","article-title":"MR imaging of temporomandibular joint dysfunction: a pictorial review","volume":"26","author":"Tomas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Radiographics."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0026","first-page":"1534","article-title":"How should the articular disk position be analyzed?","volume":"70","author":"Chilvarquer","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg.: Official J. Am. Assoc. Oral Maxillofac. Surg."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-2391(10)80037-0","article-title":"A quantitative computer-assisted analysis of disc displacement in patients with internal derangement using sagittal view magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"51","author":"VI","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.displa.2023.102394","article-title":"Automatic temporomandibular disc displacement diagnosis via deep learning","volume":"77","author":"Bai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Displays"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr.20210341","article-title":"Automatic detection of anteriorly displaced temporomandibular joint discs on magnetic resonance images using a deep learning algorithm","volume":"51","author":"Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac. Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49102","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3277756","article-title":"Interpretation of magnetic resonance images of temporomandibular joint disorders by using deep learning","volume":"11","author":"Ozsari","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Access."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2023.107465","article-title":"Explainable deep learning-based clinical decision support engine for MRI-based automated diagnosis of temporomandibular joint anterior disk displacement","volume":"233","author":"Yoon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Comput. Methods Programs Biomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4103\/ams.ams_167_23","article-title":"Uncommon posterior disc displacement of temporomandibular joint-A case report","author":"AlKandari","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann. Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622_bib33","series-title":"PyTorch Programming with TensorFlow: Solution for Edge Computing Applications","first-page":"87","author":"Imambi","year":"2021"}],"container-title":["Journal of Dentistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0300571225000673?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0300571225000673?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T19:33:08Z","timestamp":1762284788000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0300571225000673"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["S0300571225000673"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-5712"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-5712","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Automated pediatric TMJ articular disk identification and displacement classification in MRI with machine learning","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Dentistry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105622","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"105622"}}