{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T00:05:42Z","timestamp":1793232342032,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Dentistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T17:08:02Z","timestamp":1772125682000},"page":"106586","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Residual ridge and peri-implant outcomes in mandibular overdentures retained by four Locator versus four bar attachments: a 10-year retrospective analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"168","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6168-7289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed A.","family":"El-Sawy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed T.","family":"Khater","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marwa A.","family":"Aboelezz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khaled","family":"Zahran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2011.08.017","article-title":"Two implant retained overdentures\u2013a review of the literature supporting the McGill and York consensus statements","volume":"40","author":"Thomason","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Dent."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2018.10.014","article-title":"Retrospective cohort analysis of maxillary overdentures retained by unsplinted implants","volume":"122","author":"Anadioti","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Prosthet. Dent."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1528","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.13290","article-title":"Four locator attachments of mandibular implant-retained overdentures with two different distributions: a 10-year retrospective preliminary study of residual alveolar ridge changes","volume":"36","author":"El-Sawy","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Esthet. Restor. Dent."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.2186\/jpr.JPR_D_20_00075","article-title":"Average rate of ridge resorption in denture treatment: a Systematic Review","volume":"65","author":"Pham","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Prosthodont. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-2358.2011.00531.x","article-title":"The effect of attachment type and implant number on satisfaction and quality of life of mandibular implant-retained overdenture wearers","volume":"29","author":"Mumcu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gerodontology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0006","first-page":"388","article-title":"Comparison of four-implant-retained overdentures and implant-supported fixed prostheses using the All-on-4 concept in the maxilla in terms of patient satisfaction, quality of life, and marginal bone loss: a 2-year retrospective study","volume":"51","author":"Mumcu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Quintessence Int."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0007","first-page":"442","article-title":"Marginal bone loss in ball versus locator attachments in implant-retained overdentures: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"55","author":"Mahmoud","year":"2024","journal-title":"Quintessence Int."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0008","first-page":"1560","article-title":"Patient preference and satisfaction with implant-supported mandibular overdentures retained with ball or locator attachments: a crossover clinical trial","volume":"27","author":"Krennmair","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Implants"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e143","DOI":"10.11607\/jomi.2467","article-title":"The effect of cantilevered bar length on strain around two implants supporting a mandibular overdenture","volume":"28","author":"Elsyad","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Implants"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2842.2010.02180.x","article-title":"Maxillary anterior and mandibular posterior residual ridge resorption in patients wearing a mandibular implant-retained overdenture","volume":"38","author":"Tymstra","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Oral Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.3390\/dj10050088","article-title":"Implant-retained mandibular overdentures: patient-related outcome measurements after seven years of function","volume":"10","author":"D\u2019haese","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dent. J."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.22974\/jkda.2016.54.12.005","article-title":"Comparative study of prosthetic complications associated with the bar-clip, milled bar, and Locator attachments for implant overdentures: a retrospective study","volume":"54","author":"Yoon","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Korean Dent. Assoc."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0013","first-page":"1","article-title":"Mandibular denture base deformation with locator and ball attachments of implant-retained overdentures","volume":"25","author":"Elsyad","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Prosthodont."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2020.12.016","article-title":"Effect of 2-implant mandibular overdenture with different attachments and loading protocols on peri-implant health and prosthetic complications: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"127","author":"Aldhohrah","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Prosthet. Dent."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-05467-8","article-title":"The influence of prosthetic treatments and implant-supported prostheses on posterior mandibular ridge atrophy: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"25","author":"Sokolowski","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2022.08.004","article-title":"Attachment systems for mandibular implant-supported overdentures: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"132","author":"Prasad","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Prosthet. Dent."},{"issue":"April","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0017","article-title":"Clinical and radiographic outcomes around 4 mandibular implant-retained overdentures in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a long-term retrospective study","volume":"145","author":"El-Sawy","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Dent."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2010.02079.x","article-title":"Morse taper connection implants supporting &quot;planned&quot; maxillary and mandibular bar-retained overdentures: a 5-year prospective multicenter study","volume":"22","author":"Mangano","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Implants Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2011.02169.x","article-title":"Removable four implant-supported mandibular overdentures rigidly retained with telescopic crowns or milled bars: a 3-year prospective study","volume":"23","author":"Krennmair","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Implants Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0020","first-page":"e627","article-title":"Locator versus bar attachment effect on the retention and stability of implant-retained maxillary overdenture: an in vitro study","volume":"28","author":"ELsyad","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Prosthodont."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3248","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13193248","article-title":"Biomechanical aspects of various attachments for implant overdentures: a review","volume":"13","author":"Mirchandani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Polym"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.2002.130207.x","article-title":"The effects of fixed and removable implant-stabilised prostheses on posterior mandibular residual ridge resorption","volume":"13","author":"Wright","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Implants Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.12999","article-title":"Mandibular implant-retained overdentures: potential accelerator of bone loss in the anterior maxilla?","volume":"28","author":"Alsrouji","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Prosthodont."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.11607\/ijp.5114","article-title":"Posterior mandibular ridge resorption associated with different retentive systems for overdentures: a 7-year retrospective preliminary study","volume":"30","author":"Elsyad","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Prosthodont."},{"issue":"9596","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61602-X","article-title":"The strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies","volume":"370","author":"von Elm","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0026","first-page":"1","article-title":"Statistical gems and cautions from the statistical advisory board of clinical oral implants research","volume":"0","author":"Pannuti","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Implants Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kreisler M., Schulze R., Schalldach F., D\u2019Hoedt B., Behneke A., Behneke N. A new method for the radiological investigation of residual ridge resorption in the maxilla. 10.1038\/sj\/dmfr\/4600557. 2014;29 (6):368\u201375.","DOI":"10.1038\/sj\/dmfr\/4600557"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2014.11.002","article-title":"A radiographic measurement technique for crest bone changes related to dental implants","volume":"113","author":"Patil","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Prosthet. Dent."},{"issue":"SUPPL. 11","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2010.01674.x","article-title":"Periimplant diseases: where are we now? - consensus of the Seventh European workshop on periodontology","volume":"38","author":"Lang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"El-Sawy M.A., El-Aziz H.M.A., Aboelez M.A., Khater M.T. Clinical and radiographic outcome short-span fixed partial dentures supported by 2 immediately placed implants in the anterior mandible: a long-term retrospective analysis. 2025;40(6):691\u2013702.","DOI":"10.11607\/jomi.11219"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.2186\/jpr.JPR_D_22_00076","article-title":"Maxillary implant overdentures retained with bars or solitary attachments: a 5-year randomised controlled trial","volume":"67","author":"Onclin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Prosthodont. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2018.01.008","article-title":"Understanding and communicating radiation dose and risk from cone beam computed tomography in dentistry","volume":"120","author":"Aanenson","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Prosthet. Dent."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0033","first-page":"1168","article-title":"Posterior mandibular residual ridge resorption in patients with overdentures supported by two or four endosseous implants in a 10-year prospective comparative study","volume":"25","author":"MH de","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Implants"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/cid.70069","article-title":"A 6-year randomized controlled trial on different implant designs in maxillary overdenture patients","volume":"27","author":"Matthijs","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin. ImPlant Dent. Relat. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1111\/cid.12335","article-title":"Maxillary four implant-retained overdentures via locator\u00ae attachment: intermediate-term results from a retrospective study","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. ImPlant Dent. Relat. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1097\/ID.0000000000000708","article-title":"Stress distribution in splinted and unsplinted implant-supported maxillary overdentures: a 3D finite element analysis","volume":"27","author":"Geramy","year":"2018","journal-title":"ImPlant Dent."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.21786\/bbrc\/10.3\/19","article-title":"Comparison of stress distribution around implants with three different attachments in overdenture supported by four maxillary implants using fi nite element analysis method 456 comparison of stress distribution around implants","volume":"10","author":"Ahmadzadeh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med. Commun. Biosci. Biotech. Res. Comm."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3913(10)60107-2","article-title":"Defining available restorative space for implant overdentures","volume":"104","author":"Ahuja","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Prosthet. Dent."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2015.06.011","article-title":"Effects of posterior ridge resorption and attachment wear on periimplant strain in mandibular two-implant-supported overdentures","volume":"114","author":"Jo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Prosthet. Dent."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2021.08.019","article-title":"Effect of mandibular bone atrophy on maxillary and mandibular bone remodeling and quality of life with an implant-retained mandibular overdenture after 3 years","volume":"130","author":"Schuster","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Prosthet. Dent."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1111\/cid.12963","article-title":"Outcome of peri-implant maintenance care in patients with an implant-supported lower denture-A 3.5-year retrospective analysis","volume":"23","author":"van der Moolen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. ImPlant Dent. Relat. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40729-022-00439-x","article-title":"Clinical outcomes of different implant types in mandibular bar-retained overdentures: a retrospective analysis with up to 20 years follow-up","volume":"8","author":"Betth\u00e4user","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. ImPlant Dent."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0043","first-page":"1051","article-title":"Decreasing of residual alveolar ridge height in complete denture wearers. A five year follow up study","volume":"34","author":"Kova\u010di\u0107","year":"2010","journal-title":"Coll. Antropol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0044","first-page":"4","article-title":"A systematic review of marginal bone loss around implants retaining or supporting overdentures","volume":"25","author":"MC","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Implants"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jicd.12367","article-title":"Comparison of survival rate and crestal bone loss of narrow diameter dental implants versus regular dental implants: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Alrabiah","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Investig. Clin. Dent."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586_bib0046","article-title":"Patient satisfaction and oral health-related quality of life of quadrilateral bar versus bilateral linear bar for mandibular implant overdenture: randomized controlled clinical trial","author":"Abozaed","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. J. Dent."}],"container-title":["Journal of Dentistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0300571226002587?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0300571226002587?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T18:10:33Z","timestamp":1774462233000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0300571226002587"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S0300571226002587"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-5712"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-5712","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Residual ridge and peri-implant outcomes in mandibular overdentures retained by four Locator versus four bar attachments: a 10-year retrospective analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Dentistry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106586","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106586"}}