{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:55:21Z","timestamp":1786121721397,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012700","name":"Japan Health Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19K14029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K14029"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19J01614"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19J01614"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17K13245"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17K13245"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20K13945"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20K13945"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16H03276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16H03276"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21H04848"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21H04848"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16K21669"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16K21669"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19H04879"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19H04879"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19K19310"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K19310"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17J05974"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17J05974"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19K20109"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K20109"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19K19309"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K19309"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19K14172"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K14172"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013261","name":"St. Luke's Life Science Institute, St. Luke\u2019s International Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013261","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008882","name":"Meiji Yasuda Life Foundation of Health and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008882","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Government of Japan Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["H27-Jyunkankito-ippan-002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H27-Jyunkankito-ippan-002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Government of Japan Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["H29-Seisaku-Shitei-004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H29-Seisaku-Shitei-004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002241","name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JPMJSP2180"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMJSP2180"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002241","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002241","name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JPMJSP2120"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMJSP2120"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002241","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Dentistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T15:43:53Z","timestamp":1782575033000},"page":"106860","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Evaluation of caries incidence and caries risk among elementary school children in Japan: results from A-CHILD longitudinal study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"174","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9928-0211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Satomi","family":"Shimada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8405-9872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Aida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aya","family":"Isumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeo","family":"Fujiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10482","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)02811-3","article-title":"Oral Disorders Collaborators, Trends in the global, regional, and national burden of oral conditions from 1990 to 2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","volume":"405","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10194","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31146-8","article-title":"Oral diseases: a global public health challenge","volume":"394","author":"Peres","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860_bib0003","series-title":"Dental Caries The Disease and Its Clinical Management","author":"Fejerskov","year":"2025"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034520908533","article-title":"Global, Regional, and National Levels and Trends in Burden of Oral Conditions from 1990 to 2017: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2017 Study","volume":"99","author":"Bernabe","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345241281698","article-title":"Global, Regional, and Country-Level Economic Impacts of Oral Conditions in 2019","volume":"104","author":"Jevdjevic","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860_bib0007","first-page":"661","article-title":"The global burden of oral diseases and risks to oral health","volume":"83","author":"Petersen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2018.09.023","article-title":"Oral health, academic performance, and school absenteeism in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"150","author":"Ruff","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034514557546","article-title":"Socioeconomic inequality and caries: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"94","author":"Schwendicke","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1111\/cdoe.12174","article-title":"Trends in income-related inequality in untreated caries among children in the United States: findings from NHANES I, NHANES III, and NHANES 1999-2004","volume":"43","author":"Capurro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16203892","article-title":"Inequalities in Caries Experience Among Mongolian Children","volume":"16","author":"Chinzorig","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20110116","article-title":"Socioeconomic disparities and health: impacts and pathways","volume":"22","author":"Kondo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2007.00354.x","article-title":"Theoretical explanations for social inequalities in oral health","volume":"35","author":"Sisson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/30.3.427","article-title":"Sick individuals and sick populations","volume":"30","author":"Rose","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17228476","article-title":"Majority of New Onset of Dental Caries Occurred from Caries-Free Students: A Longitudinal Study in Primary School Students","volume":"17","author":"Kusama","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20150255","article-title":"School-Based Fluoride Mouth-Rinse Program Dissemination Associated With Decreasing Dental Caries Inequalities Between Japanese Prefectures: An Ecological Study","volume":"26","author":"Matsuyama","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyaf080","article-title":"Water fluoridation as a population strategy for reducing oral health inequalities: high-dimensional effect heterogeneity analysis using machine learning","volume":"54","author":"Matsuyama","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20190177","article-title":"Adachi Child Health Impact of Living Difficulty (A-CHILD) Study: Research Protocol and Profiles of Participants","volume":"31","author":"Ochi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e41","DOI":"10.1111\/cdoe.12025","article-title":"International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) and its International Caries Classification and Management System (ICCMS) - methods for staging of the caries process and enabling dentists to manage caries","volume":"41","author":"Pitts","year":"2013","journal-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1998.tb01974.x","article-title":"Caries prediction: a review of the literature","volume":"26","author":"Powell","year":"1998","journal-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860_bib0022","series-title":"Dental Caries The Disease and Its Clinical Magagement","author":"Heilmann","year":"2025"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jds.2020.11.014","article-title":"Caries experience between primary teeth at 3-5 years of age and future caries in the permanent first molars","volume":"16","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Dent Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e297","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040297","article-title":"Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE): explanation and elaboration","volume":"4","author":"Vandenbroucke","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e27","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0010027","article-title":"Distribution of major health risks: findings from the Global Burden of Disease study","volume":"1","author":"Rodgers","year":"2004","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2005.00231.x","article-title":"Concepts of risk in dental public health","volume":"33","author":"Burt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwaa020","article-title":"Things Don't Always Go as Expected: The Example of Nondifferential Misclassification of Exposure-Bias and Error","volume":"189","author":"Whitcomb","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Dentistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0300571226005300?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0300571226005300?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T06:39:54Z","timestamp":1786084794000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0300571226005300"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":25,"alternative-id":["S0300571226005300"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860","relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-5712"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-5712","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Evaluation of caries incidence and caries risk among elementary school children in Japan: results from A-CHILD longitudinal study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Dentistry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdent.2026.106860","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106860"}}