{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T02:16:54Z","timestamp":1790389014676,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]],"date-time":"2024-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706832000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":458,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jdsjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Dermatological Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,13]],"date-time":"2022-12-13T02:08:38Z","timestamp":1670897318000},"page":"77-86","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["A cell-based evaluation of human tyrosinase-mediated metabolic activation of leukoderma-inducing phenolic compounds"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Tomoko","family":"Nishimaki-Mogami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shosuke","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongyan","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takumi","family":"Akiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norimasa","family":"Tamehiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reiko","family":"Adachi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazumasa","family":"Wakamatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiaki","family":"Ikarashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazunari","family":"Kondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1939.72800350003010a","article-title":"Occupational leukoderma","volume":"113","author":"Oliver","year":"1939","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(77)90451-2","article-title":"Occupational vitiligo induced by p-tert-butylphenol, a systemic disease?","volume":"2","author":"James","year":"1977","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib3","first-page":"386","article-title":"Occupational depigmentation due to 4-tertiarybutyl catechol (TBC)","volume":"12","author":"Gellin","year":"1970","journal-title":"J. Occup. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.40.118","article-title":"Occupational leukoderma in workers engaged in 4-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone manufacturing","volume":"40","author":"Fukuda","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Occup. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.15835","article-title":"Rhododendrol-induced leukoderma update I: clinical findings and treatment","volume":"48","author":"Matsunaga","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.12744","article-title":"Guide for medical professionals (i.e., dermatologists) for the management of rhododenol-induced leukoderma","volume":"42","author":"Nishigori","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12465072","article-title":"Depigmentation of black guinea pig skin by topical application of cysteaminylphenol, cysteinylphenol, and related compounds","volume":"88","author":"Ito","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1710970202","article-title":"Hydroxyanisole depigmentation: in-vivo studies","volume":"97","author":"Riley","year":"1969","journal-title":"J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.1968.13","article-title":"Depigmentation of skin with 4-isopropylcatechol, mercaptoamines, and other compounds","volume":"50","author":"Bleehen","year":"1968","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0749.2004.00130.x","article-title":"On the etiology of contact\/occupational vitiligo","volume":"17","author":"Boissy","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/1046-199X(95)90112-4","article-title":"Chemical leukoderma: fact or fancy","volume":"6","author":"Cummings","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am. J. Contact Dermat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0749.2000.130107.x","article-title":"Tyrosinase-mediated formation of a reactive quinone from the depigmenting agents, 4-tert-butylphenol and 4-tert-butylcatechol","volume":"13","author":"Th\u00f6rneby-Andersson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1398","DOI":"10.1021\/tx900018q","article-title":"A reactive ortho-quinone generated by tyrosinase-catalyzed oxidation of the skin depigmenting agent monobenzone: self-coupling and thiol-conjugation reactions and possible implications for melanocyte toxicity","volume":"22","author":"Manini","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chem. Res. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2011.16","article-title":"Skin-depigmenting agent monobenzone induces potent T-cell autoimmunity toward pigmented cells by tyrosinase haptenation and melanosome autophagy","volume":"131","author":"Van den Boorn","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(97)00075-0","article-title":"Dihydro-1,4-benzothiazine-6,7-dione, the ultimate toxic metabolite of 4-S-cysteaminylphenol and 4-S-cysteaminylcatechol","volume":"53","author":"Hasegawa","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12269","article-title":"Rhododendrol, a depigmentation-inducing phenolic compound, exerts melanocyte cytotoxicity via a tyrosinase-dependent mechanism","volume":"27","author":"Sasaki","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12275","article-title":"Tyrosinase-catalyzed oxidation of rhododendrol produces 2-methylchromane-6,7-dione, the putative ultimate toxic metabolite: Implications for melanocyte toxicity","volume":"27","author":"Ito","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrestox.7b00006","article-title":"Tyrosinase-catalyzed oxidation of the leukoderma-inducing agent raspberry ketone produces (E)-4-(3-oxo-1-butenyl)-1,2-benzoquinone: Implications for melanocyte toxicity","volume":"30","author":"Ito","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Res. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2015.07.007","article-title":"A convenient screening method to differentiate phenolic skin whitening tyrosinase inhibitors from leukoderma-inducing phenols","volume":"80","author":"Ito","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6080","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21176080","article-title":"Chemical reactivities of ortho-quinones produced in living organisms: Fate of quinonoid products formed by tyrosinase and phenoloxidase action on phenols and catechols","volume":"21","author":"Ito","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12363","article-title":"Tyrosinase-catalyzed metabolism of rhododendrol (RD) in B16 melanoma cells: production of RD-pheomelanin and covalent binding with thiol proteins","volume":"28","author":"Ito","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12556","article-title":"The potent pro-oxidant activity of rhododendrol-eumelanin induces cysteine depletion in B16 melanoma cells","volume":"30","author":"Ito","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-148X.2011.00878.x","article-title":"Monobenzone-induced depigmentation: from enzymatic blockade to autoimmunity","volume":"24","author":"van den Boorn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19020552","article-title":"Biochemical mechanism of rhododendrol-induced leukoderma","volume":"19","author":"Ito","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3835(92)90092-A","article-title":"Effects of tyrosinase activity on the cytotoxicity of 4-S-cysteaminylphenol and N-acetyl-4-S-cysteaminylphenol in melanoma cells","volume":"63","author":"Prezioso","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib26","first-page":"6656","article-title":"Tyrosinase mutants are capable of prodrug activation in transfected nonmelanotic cells","volume":"60","author":"Simonova","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.15878","article-title":"Rhododendrol-induced leukoderma update II: Pathophysiology, mechanisms, risk evaluation, and possible mechanism-based treatments in comparison with vitiligo","volume":"48","author":"Inoue","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2015.07.010","article-title":"Effects of rhododendrol and its metabolic products on melanocytic cell growth","volume":"80","author":"Okura","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2016.11.006","article-title":"Chemical-induced vitiligo","volume":"35","author":"Harris","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dermatol. Clin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib30","first-page":"2401","article-title":"The third report of epidemiology based on a nationwide survey of rhododenol-induced leukoderma in Japan","volume":"125","author":"Ito","year":"2015","journal-title":"Jpn J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2018.01.019","article-title":"Inhibition of human tyrosinase requires molecular motifs distinctively different from mushroom tyrosinase","volume":"138","author":"Mann","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13428","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.0c00994","article-title":"Advances in the design of genuine human tyrosinase inhibitors for targeting melanogenesis and related pigmentations","volume":"63","author":"Roulier","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12808","article-title":"Tyrosinase-catalyzed oxidation of resveratrol produces a highly reactive ortho-quinone: implications for melanocyte toxicity","volume":"32","author":"Ito","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9145","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22179145","article-title":"The oxidation of equol by tyrosinase produces a unique di-ortho-quinone: possible implications for melanocyte toxicity","volume":"22","author":"Tanaka","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1515\/hsz-2012-0300","article-title":"Expression in non-melanogenic systems and purification of soluble variants of human tyrosinase","volume":"394","author":"Cordes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12300","article-title":"Human tyrosinase is able to oxidize both enantiomers of rhododendrol","volume":"27","author":"Ito","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0749.1999.tb00756.x","article-title":"Effects of 4-tertiary butylphenol on the tyrosinase activity in human melanocytes","volume":"12","author":"Yang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12970","article-title":"Chemical and biochemical control of skin pigmentation with special emphasis on mixed melanogenesis","volume":"34","author":"Wakamatsu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2012.12.031","article-title":"Mechanistic studies of the inactivation of tyrosinase by resorcinol","volume":"21","author":"Stratford","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2007","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(87)90501-6","article-title":"Mechanism of selective toxicity of 4-S-cysteinylphenol and 4-S-cysteaminylphenol to melanocytes","volume":"36","author":"Ito","year":"1987","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12774","article-title":"Mechanism of action of 4-substituted phenols to induce vitiligo and antimelanoma immunity","volume":"32","author":"Kammeyer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2022.105157","article-title":"A framework to mitigate the risk of chemical leukoderma: consumer products","volume":"131","author":"Bjerke","year":"2022","journal-title":"Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00417318","article-title":"Synthesis of cysteinylphenol, cysteaminylphenol, and related compounds, and in vivo evaluation of antimelanoma effect","volume":"279","author":"Miura","year":"1987","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2359","article-title":"The endoplasmic reticulum stress response in immunity and autoimmunity","volume":"8","author":"Todd","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2601","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2012.181","article-title":"Vitiligo-inducing phenols activate the unfolded protein response in melanocytes resulting in upregulation of IL6 and IL8","volume":"132","author":"Toosi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1209038","article-title":"The unfolded protein response: from stress pathway to homeostatic regulation","volume":"334","author":"Walter","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.13350","article-title":"The nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2) antioxidant response promotes melanocyte viability and reduces toxicity of the vitiligo-inducing phenol monobenzone","volume":"26","author":"Arowojolu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12461","article-title":"NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1 (NQO1), protects melanin-producing cells from cytotoxicity of rhododendrol","volume":"29","author":"Okubo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0749.2001.140105.x","article-title":"Interaction of major coat color gene functions in mice as studied by chemical analysis of eumelanin and pheomelanin","volume":"14","author":"Lamoreux","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res."}],"container-title":["Journal of Dermatological Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0923181122002699?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0923181122002699?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T04:53:34Z","timestamp":1760331214000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0923181122002699"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0923181122002699"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0923-1811"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0923-1811","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A cell-based evaluation of human tyrosinase-mediated metabolic activation of leukoderma-inducing phenolic compounds","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Dermatological Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2022.12.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Japanese Society for Investigative Dermatology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}