{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T12:50:00Z","timestamp":1790945400500,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763683200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Diabetes and its Complications"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T16:56:27Z","timestamp":1760892987000},"page":"109203","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Impact of aerobic exercise on cardiometabolic health in patients with diabesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Sameer Badri","family":"Al-Mhanna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barry A.","family":"Franklin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"Jakicic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Stamatakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda S.","family":"Pescatello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Riebe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter R.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James S.","family":"Skinner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheri R.","family":"Colberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan K.","family":"Ehrman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George S.","family":"Metsios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norsuhana","family":"Omar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nouf H.","family":"Alkhamees","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bodor Bin","family":"Sheeha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah F.","family":"Alghannam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexios","family":"Batrakoulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.115.306825","article-title":"Epidemiology of obesity and diabetes and their cardiovascular complications","volume":"118","author":"Bhupathiraju","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-020-00465-5","article-title":"Diabesity: the combined burden of obesity and diabetes on heart disease and the role of imaging","volume":"18","author":"Ng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu J-J, Liu S, Wang J, et al. Risk of incident heart failure in individuals with early-onset type 2 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metabol 2022;107(1):e178-e187, J Clin Endocrinol Metab.","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab620"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.120.317240","article-title":"Introduction to the obesity, metabolic syndrome, and CVD compendium","volume":"126","author":"Moore","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.20514","article-title":"Effects of obesity on functional capacity","volume":"22","author":"Pataky","year":"2014","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1139\/h01-013","article-title":"Musculoskeletal fitness and health","volume":"26","author":"Warburton","year":"2001","journal-title":"Can J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-023-01975-7","article-title":"Obesity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cardiovascular disease","volume":"25","author":"Haidar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Cardiol Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s40608-018-0183-7","article-title":"Association between cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic risk factors in a population with mild to severe obesity","volume":"5","author":"Do","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Obes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14040435","article-title":"Economic Burden of Obesity: A Systematic Literature Review","volume":"14","author":"Tremmel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2065","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-1728","article-title":"Physical activity\/exercise and diabetes: A position statement of the American Diabetes Association","volume":"39","author":"Colberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000002800","article-title":"Exercise\/Physical Activity in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes: A Consensus Statement from the American College of Sports Medicine","volume":"54","author":"Kanaley","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487318820420","article-title":"Exercise training for patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: what to pursue and how to do it. A position paper of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC)","volume":"26","author":"Kemps","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2024-108127","article-title":"Effects of exercise, metformin and their combination on glucose metabolism in individuals with abnormal glycaemic control: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Newsome AM, Batrakoulis A, Camhi S, McAvoy C, Sansone J, Reed R. 2025 ACSM worldwide fitness trends: future directions of the health and fitness industry. ACSMs Health Fit J 2024;28(6):11\u201325. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1249\/FIT.0000000000001017.","DOI":"10.1249\/FIT.0000000000001017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0075","unstructured":"American College of Sports Medicine, Liguori G, Feito Y, Fountaine C, Roy BA. ACSM'S Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription. 11th ed. Wolters Kluwer Health; 2021."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2020-102955","article-title":"World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour","volume":"54","author":"Bull","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.7570\/jomes.2019.28.4.278","article-title":"Effects of exercise on the body composition and lipid profile of individuals with obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Obes Metab Syndr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.13269","article-title":"Effect of exercise on cardiometabolic health of adults with overweight or obesity: focus on blood pressure, insulin resistance, and intrahepatic fat-a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Battista","year":"2021","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.121.008243","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of 5 exercise types on cardiometabolic health in overweight and obese adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of 81 randomized controlled trials","volume":"15","author":"Batrakoulis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1519\/SSC.0000000000000731","article-title":"Exercise and type II diabetes mellitus: A brief guide for exercise professionals","volume":"44","author":"Batrakoulis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Strength Cond J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.52185","article-title":"Aerobic exercise and weight loss in adults: A systematic review and dose-response Meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Jayedi","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0110","article-title":"Impact of exercise on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in adults with overweight and obesity: a narrative review","volume":"12","author":"Al-Mhanna","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Appl Sport Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0115","article-title":"Impact of various types of exercise on lipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes and concurrent overweight\/obesity: a narrative review","volume":"12","author":"Al-Mhanna","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Appl Sport Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ambelu T, Teferi G. The impact of exercise modalities on blood glucose, blood pressure and body composition in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil Nov 14 2023;15(1):153. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13102-023-00762-9.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13102-023-00762-9"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajmo.2023.100031","article-title":"The importance of exercise for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes","volume":"9","author":"Syeda","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Med Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-023-05958-9","article-title":"Strength training is more effective than aerobic exercise for improving glycaemic control and body composition in people with normal-weight type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"66","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2007.02.014","article-title":"Effects of aerobic exercise on lipids and lipoproteins in adults with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials","volume":"121","author":"Kelley","year":"2007","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.058162","article-title":"Long-Term Leisure-Time Physical Activity Intensity and All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: A Prospective Cohort of US Adults","volume":"146","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-018-0384-x","article-title":"The combination of cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength, and mortality risk","volume":"33","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2022.02.001","article-title":"Exercise training in cardiac rehabilitation: setting the right intensity for optimal benefit","volume":"70","author":"Sabbahi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis Jan-Feb"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-098970","article-title":"Effects of short-term, medium-term and long-term resistance exercise training on cardiometabolic health outcomes in adults: systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"54","author":"Ashton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Mhanna SB, Franklin BA, Jakicic JM, et al. Impact of resistance training on cardiometabolic health-related indices in patients with type 2 diabetes and overweight\/obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Br J Sports Med 2025;0:1\u201314. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjsports-2024-108947.","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2024-108947"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-2385","article-title":"The PRISMA extension statement for reporting of systematic reviews incorporating network meta-analyses of health care interventions: checklist and explanations","volume":"162","author":"Hutton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Higgins J, Thomas J, Chandler J, et al. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. 2nd ed. John Wiley & Sons; 2019.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119536604"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0175","series-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions","author":"Higgins","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d5928","article-title":"The Cochrane collaboration\u2019s tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","volume":"343","author":"Higgins","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0185","series-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions","author":"Higgins","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0190","unstructured":"GRADEpro G. Computer Program on Www. gradepro. org. Version [July, 2016] McMaster University. 2014;."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629","article-title":"Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test","volume":"315","author":"Egger","year":"1997","journal-title":"bmj"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.3591","article-title":"Exercise modalities for type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized trials","volume":"39","author":"Hou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0930127","article-title":"Effects of physical training on metabolic control in elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus patients","volume":"93","author":"Ligtenberg","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-005-0040-5","article-title":"The effects of 24 weeks of moderate-or high-intensity exercise on insulin resistance","volume":"95","author":"O\u2019Donovan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1986.tb02754.x","article-title":"A controlled randomized study on the effect of long-term physical exercise on the metabolic control in type 2 diabetic patients","volume":"220","author":"R\u00d6Nnemaa","year":"1986","journal-title":"Acta Med Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2008.01.010","article-title":"Cost-sparing effect of twice-weekly targeted endurance training in type 2 diabetics: a one-year controlled randomized trial","volume":"34","author":"Brun","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.2337\/cd17-0066","article-title":"Impact of underwater treadmill training on glycemic control, blood lipids, and health-related fitness in adults with type 2 diabetes","volume":"37","author":"Conners","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1177\/147323001003800305","article-title":"Resistance exercise did not alter intramuscular adipose tissue but reduced retinol-binding protein-4 concentration in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"38","author":"Ku","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2263","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-006-0361-x","article-title":"Six months of aerobic exercise does not improve microvascular function in type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"49","author":"Middlebrooke","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0240","first-page":"450","article-title":"Effects of a single bout of exercise and exercise training on steroid levels in middle-aged type 2 diabetic men: relationship to abdominal adipose tissue distribution and metabolic status","volume":"26","author":"Boudou","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1024","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00056.2004","article-title":"Physical training may enhance \u03b2-cell function in type 2 diabetes","volume":"287","author":"Dela","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000001897","article-title":"HIIT improves left ventricular exercise response in adults with type 2 diabetes","volume":"51","author":"Wilson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2253","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1710","article-title":"Effects of aerobic and resistance training on hemoglobin A1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"304","author":"Church","year":"2010","journal-title":"Jama"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215508084582","article-title":"Influence of combined exercise training on indices of obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes patients","volume":"22","author":"Lambers","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-147-6-200709180-00005","article-title":"Effects of aerobic training, resistance training, or both on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: a randomized trial","volume":"147","author":"Sigal","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2977","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.11.2977","article-title":"Effective exercise modality to reduce insulin resistance in women with type 2 diabetes","volume":"26","author":"Cuff","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2020.06.019","article-title":"The effect of low-volume high-intensity interval training on cardiovascular health outcomes in type 2 diabetes: A randomised controlled trial","volume":"320","author":"Way","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-0658","article-title":"The effects of free-living interval-walking training on glycemic control, body composition, and physical fitness in type 2 diabetic patients: a randomized, controlled trial","volume":"36","author":"Karstoft","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00952.2020","article-title":"Time-course of V\u0307o2 kinetics responses during moderate-intensity exercise subsequent to HIIT versus moderate-intensity continuous training in type 2 diabetes","volume":"130","author":"Gildea","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2018.12.013","article-title":"Effect of all-extremity high-intensity interval training vs. moderate-intensity continuous training on aerobic fitness in middle-aged and older adults with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"116","author":"Hwang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13198","article-title":"The effect on glycaemic control of low-volume high-intensity interval training versus endurance training in individuals with type 2 diabetes","volume":"20","author":"Winding","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2009.09.002","article-title":"Exercise training ameliorates the effects of rosiglitazone on traditional and novel cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"59","author":"Kadoglou","year":"2010","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-1149","article-title":"Exercise reduces resistin and inflammatory cytokines in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"30","author":"Kadoglou","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3181632d2d","article-title":"HDL atheroprotection by aerobic exercise training in type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"40","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2011.01.006","article-title":"The effects of aerobic, resistance, and combined exercise on metabolic control, inflammatory markers, adipocytokines, and muscle insulin signaling in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"60","author":"Jorge","year":"2011","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2020.12.011","article-title":"Glycemic and cardiometabolic effects of exercise in south Asian Sri Lankans with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled trial Sri Lanka diabetes aerobic and resistance training study (SL-DARTS)","volume":"15","author":"Ranasinghe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr Clin Res Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2086","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2023.2167238","article-title":"Is isoenergetic high-intensity interval exercise superior to moderate-intensity continuous exercise for cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus? A single-blinded randomized controlled study","volume":"23","author":"Findikoglu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Sport Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e69","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.12112","article-title":"Continuous vs interval training on glycemic control and macro-and microvascular reactivity in type 2 diabetic patients","volume":"24","author":"Mitranun","year":"2014","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9273830","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/9273830","article-title":"A comparative study of health efficacy indicators in subjects with T2DM applying power cycling to 12 weeks of low-volume high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training","volume":"2022","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Diabetes Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0340","first-page":"115","article-title":"The effect of 8 weeks aerobic exercise on insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"7","author":"Motahari-Tabari","year":"2015","journal-title":"Global J Health Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.220.107","article-title":"Increase in the heart rate variability with deep breathing in diabetic patients after 12-month exercise training","volume":"220","author":"Sridhar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Tohoku J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yan H, Prista A, Ranadive SM, et al. Effect of aerobic training on glucose control and blood pressure in T2DDM east African males. International Scholarly Research Notices 2014;2014, ISRN Endocrinol.","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/864897"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1159\/000497669","article-title":"Effects of progressive resistance training and aerobic exercise on type 2 diabetics in Indian population","volume":"17","author":"Shenoy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Diab Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.5604\/20831862.990466","article-title":"Effect of aerobic exercise, resistance training or combined training on glycaemic control and cardio-vascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"29","author":"Yavari","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol Sport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1113\/EP087005","article-title":"Improved brachial artery shear patterns and increased flow-mediated dilatation after low-volume high-intensity interval training in type 2 diabetes","volume":"103","author":"Ghardashi Afousi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5291","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-021-06539-y","article-title":"Inflammatory, antioxidant and glycemic status to different mode of high-intensity training in type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"48","author":"Sabouri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Biol Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Higgins JP. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions version 5.0. 1. The Cochrane Collaboration. http:\/\/www cochrane-handbook org. 2008;.","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470712184"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e147","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-9990","article-title":"Exercise and type 2 diabetes: the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Diabetes Association: joint position statement","volume":"33","author":"Colberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e217","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001189","article-title":"Resistance exercise training in individuals with and without cardiovascular disease: 2023 update: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"149","author":"Paluch","year":"2024","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2024-108947","article-title":"Impact of resistance training on cardiometabolic health-related indices in patients with type 2 diabetes and overweight\/obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials","volume":"59","author":"Al-Mhanna","year":"2025","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Mhanna SB, Poon ET, Franklin BA, et al. Comparative effectiveness of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on cardiometabolic health in patients with diabesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetol Metab Syndr Aug 13 2025;17(1):331. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13098-025-01909-z.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13098-025-01909-z"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.13666","article-title":"Effects of various exercise types on visceral adipose tissue in individuals with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of 84 randomized controlled trials","volume":"25","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13102-023-00766-5","article-title":"Effects of combined aerobic exercise and diet on cardiometabolic health in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Al-Mhanna","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.121.008243","article-title":"Comparative Efficacy of 5 Exercise Types on Cardiometabolic Health in Overweight and Obese Adults: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of 81 Randomized Controlled Trials","volume":"15","author":"Batrakoulis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-018-0703-3","article-title":"Exercise training modalities in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Pan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2022-106304","article-title":"Dose-response effects of exercise and caloric restriction on visceral adiposity in overweight and obese adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials","volume":"57","author":"Recchia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-024-02057-6","article-title":"The Best Exercise Modality and Dose to Reduce Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review with Pairwise, Network, and Dose-Response Meta-Analyses","author":"Liang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2024-108127","article-title":"Effects of exercise, metformin and their combination on glucose metabolism in individuals with abnormal glycaemic control: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"58","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-022-01673-4","article-title":"Dose-dependent effect of supervised aerobic exercise on HbA(1c) in patients with type 2 diabetes: A Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"52","author":"Jayedi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.120.317240","article-title":"Introduction to the obesity, metabolic syndrome, and CVD compendium","volume":"126","author":"Moore","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0445","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of exercise contributing to tissue regeneration","volume":"7","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2016.12.006","article-title":"Exercise and ectopic fat in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"43","author":"Sabag","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1586\/14779072.6.3.343","article-title":"Pathogenic potential of adipose tissue and metabolic consequences of adipocyte hypertrophy and increased visceral adiposity","volume":"6","author":"Bays","year":"2008","journal-title":"Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-020-01136-y","article-title":"Impact of combined training with different exercise intensities on inflammatory and lipid markers in type 2 diabetes: a secondary analysis from a 1-year randomized controlled trial","volume":"19","author":"Magalhaes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-1551","article-title":"The obesity paradox in type 2 diabetes mellitus: relationship of body mass index to prognosis: a cohort study","volume":"162","author":"Costanzo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2015.39.5.353","article-title":"Interaction between glucose and lipid metabolism: more than diabetic dyslipidemia","volume":"39","author":"Parhofer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-020-01136-y","article-title":"Impact of combined training with different exercise intensities on inflammatory and lipid markers in type 2 diabetes: a secondary analysis from a 1-year randomized controlled trial","volume":"19","author":"Magalh\u00e3es","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1249\/FIT.0000000000000703","article-title":"High-intensity interval training in metabolic Diseases: physiological adaptations","volume":"25","author":"Batrakoulis","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACSMs Health Fit J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Batrakoulis A, Jamurtas AZ, Draganidis D, et al. Hybrid neuromuscular training improves cardiometabolic health and alters redox status in inactive overweight and obese women: a randomized controlled trial. Antioxidants (Basel) Oct 12 2021;10(10)doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antiox10101601.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10101601"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0490","article-title":"Psychophysiological adaptations to yoga practice in overweight and obese individuals: a topical review","volume":"10","author":"Batrakoulis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dis Markers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0495","article-title":"Psychophysiological adaptations to Pilates training in overweight and obese individuals: a topical review","volume":"10","author":"Batrakoulis","year":"2022","journal-title":"DISEASES"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0500","article-title":"Role of mind-body fitness in obesity","volume":"11","author":"Batrakoulis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dis Model Mech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1249\/FIT.0000000000000940","article-title":"Managing and reversing Sarcopenic obesity through exercise and physical activity","volume":"28","author":"Sorace","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACSMs Health Fit J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-022-01918-8","article-title":"There is no dose-response relationship between the amount of exercise and improvement in HbA1c in interventions over 12 weeks in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis and meta-regression","volume":"59","author":"Wrench","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.2337\/dc23-0800","article-title":"Optimal Dose and Type of Physical Activity to Improve Glycemic Control in People Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"Gallardo-Gomez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"}],"container-title":["Journal of Diabetes and its Complications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1056872725002569?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1056872725002569?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]],"date-time":"2025-11-22T05:19:28Z","timestamp":1763788768000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1056872725002569"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":103,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1056872725002569"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203","relation":{},"ISSN":["1056-8727"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1056-8727","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Impact of aerobic exercise on cardiometabolic health in patients with diabesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Diabetes and its Complications","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2025.109203","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109203"}}