{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T23:07:58Z","timestamp":1778800078270,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017415","name":"Peking University First Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022CR101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022CR101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017415","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017415","name":"Peking University First Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023IR47"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023IR47"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017415","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017415","name":"Peking University First Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024IR05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024IR05"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017415","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82461160318"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82461160318"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82470743"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82470743"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82090021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82090021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Diabetes and its Complications"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T08:13:21Z","timestamp":1767860001000},"page":"109256","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Associations between diabetic retinopathy and disease severity of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Jia-hui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian-chen","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong-yuan","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming-hui","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)01301-6","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","volume":"402","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-1913","article-title":"Worldwide epidemiology of diabetes-related end-stage renal disease, 2000-2015","volume":"44","author":"Cheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kisu.2020.09.001","article-title":"China kidney disease network (CK-NET) 2016 annual data report","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.04.027","article-title":"Global prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and projection of burden through 2045: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"128","author":"Teo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1144257","article-title":"Is preclinical diabetic retinopathy in diabetic nephropathy individuals more severe?","volume":"14","author":"Yao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3364","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1237_21","article-title":"Clinical correlation of diabetic retinopathy with nephropathy and neuropathy","volume":"69","author":"Saini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0035","article-title":"Characteristics of diabetic nephropathy patients without diabetic retinopathy: a retrospective observational study","volume":"96","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2017.5202","article-title":"Association of abnormal renal profiles and proliferative diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema in an Asian population with type 2 diabetes","volume":"136","author":"Hsieh","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14487","article-title":"Time-sequential correlations between diabetic kidney disease and diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes - an 8-year prospective cohort study","volume":"99","author":"Hsieh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-021-00745-6","article-title":"Deep-learning models for the detection and incidence prediction of chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes from retinal fundus images","volume":"5","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Biomed Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0055","article-title":"The concordance and discordance of diabetic kidney disease and retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study of 26,809 patients from 5 primary hospitals in China","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-024-03346-4","article-title":"Early choroidal and retinal changes detected by swept-source oct in type 2 diabetes and their association with diabetic kidney disease: a longitudinal prospective study","volume":"24","author":"da Silva","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S13","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-S002","article-title":"2. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: standards of medical care in diabetes-2018","volume":"41","author":"American Diabetes Association","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"P66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2019.09.025","article-title":"Diabetic retinopathy preferred practice pattern\u00ae","volume":"127","author":"Flaxel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(03)00475-5","article-title":"Proposed international clinical diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema disease severity scales","volume":"110","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.3109\/09273948.2015.1087576","article-title":"Retinal and choroidal thickness in patients with uveitis","volume":"25","author":"Yan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ocul Immunol Inflamm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006","article-title":"A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate","volume":"150","author":"Levey","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2102953","article-title":"New creatinine- and cystatin C-based equations to estimate GFR without race","volume":"385","author":"Inker","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2010010010","article-title":"Pathologic classification of diabetic nephropathy","volume":"21","author":"Tervaert","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0100","article-title":"Intercapillary lesions in the glomeruli of the kidney","volume":"12","author":"Kimmelstiel","year":"1936","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000002366","article-title":"A 2018 reference guide to the Banff classification of renal allograft pathology","volume":"102","author":"Roufosse","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2012.04.008","article-title":"The retinal renin-angiotensin system: roles of angiotensin II and aldosterone","volume":"36","author":"Wilkinson-Berka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-023-05300-4","article-title":"Single-cell transcriptomes reveal a molecular link between diabetic kidney and retinal lesions","volume":"6","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0120","article-title":"Mechanistic pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction in diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy","volume":"13","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1336123","article-title":"Parallelism and non-parallelism in diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy","volume":"15","author":"Tang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01400-z","article-title":"Diabetic vascular diseases: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2415-6-15","article-title":"The effect of posterior subtenon methylprednisolone acetate in the refractory diabetic macular edema: a prospective nonrandomized interventional case series","volume":"6","author":"Javadzadeh","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0140","article-title":"Retinal and choroidal vascular perfusion and thickness measurement in diabetic retinopathy patients by the swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2016.23","article-title":"Effect of intravitreal dexamethasone implant on retinal and choroidal thickness in refractory diabetic macular oedema after multiple anti-VEGF injections","volume":"30","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(87)33314-7","article-title":"Macular thickening and visual acuity. Measurement in patients with cystoid macular edema","volume":"94","author":"Nussenblatt","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)62124-3","article-title":"Diabetic retinopathy","volume":"376","author":"Cheung","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0806470","article-title":"10-year follow-up of intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes","volume":"359","author":"Holman","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1080\/0886022X.2018.1456453","article-title":"Diabetic retinopathy may predict the renal outcomes of patients with diabetic nephropathy","volume":"40","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2007.12.001","article-title":"Diabetic retinopathy and systemic vascular complications","volume":"27","author":"Cheung","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.02720317","article-title":"Changes in albuminuria and subsequent risk of incident kidney disease","volume":"12","author":"Sumida","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2000.00311.x","article-title":"Up-regulation of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in tubulointerstitial lesions of human diabetic nephropathy","volume":"58","author":"Wada","year":"2000","journal-title":"Kidney Int"}],"container-title":["Journal of Diabetes and its Complications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1056872726000012?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1056872726000012?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T22:17:08Z","timestamp":1778797028000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1056872726000012"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1056872726000012"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256","relation":{},"ISSN":["1056-8727"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1056-8727","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Associations between diabetic retinopathy and disease severity of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Diabetes and its Complications","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2026.109256","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109256"}}