{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T18:29:43Z","timestamp":1788805783451,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jaadinternational.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JAAD International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,23]],"date-time":"2024-01-23T17:27:21Z","timestamp":1706030841000},"page":"91-99","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Botulinum toxin A versus microwave thermolysis for primary axillary hyperhidrosis: A randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6954-4458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela Llad\u00f3","family":"Grove","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrine","family":"Togsverd-Bo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claus","family":"Zachariae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merete","family":"Haedersdal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.12.071","article-title":"The etiology, diagnosis, and management of hyperhidrosis: a comprehensive review: Etiology and clinical work-up","volume":"81","author":"Nawrocki","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.3109\/09546634.2011.594869","article-title":"A close positive correlation between malodor and sweating as a marker for the treatment of axillary bromhidrosis with botulinum toxin A","volume":"23","author":"He","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Dermatolog Treat"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e409","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12822","article-title":"Distinguishing hyperhidrosis and normal physiological sweat production: new data and review of hyperhidrosis data for 1980-2013","volume":"54","author":"Thorlacius","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.11.066","article-title":"The etiology, diagnosis, and management of hyperhidrosis: a comprehensive review: Therapeutic options","volume":"81","author":"Nawrocki","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"7313","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.323.7313.596","article-title":"Botulinum toxin type A in treatment of bilateral primary axillary hyperhidrosis: randomised, parallel group, double blind, placebo controlled trial","volume":"323","author":"Naumann","year":"2001","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1 Spec No","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S44","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2006.32331.x","article-title":"A double-blind, randomized, comparative study of two type A botulinum toxins in the treatment of primary axillary hyperhidrosis","volume":"33","author":"Talarico-Filho","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.2165\/00128071-200910020-00002","article-title":"Botulinum toxin for hyperhidrosis: a review","volume":"10","author":"Grunfeld","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1080\/14764172.2016.1248438","article-title":"Comparison of microwave ablation, botulinum toxin injection, and liposuction-curettage in the treatment of axillary hyperhidrosis: a systematic review","volume":"19","author":"Nasr","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Cosmet Laser Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2014.06.013","article-title":"Botulinum toxin for axillary hyperhidrosis","volume":"32","author":"de Almeida","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib10","first-page":"1013","article-title":"Same-patient prospective comparison of Botox versus Dysport for the treatment of primary axillary hyperhidrosis and review of literature","volume":"10","author":"Vergilis-Kalner","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Drugs Dermatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23412","article-title":"Pathological changes in axillary hyperhidrosis and axillary osmidrosis induced by microwave treatment: comparison of single- and double-pass irradiation","volume":"53","author":"Hatano","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2011.02250.x","article-title":"A randomized, blinded clinical evaluation of a novel microwave device for treating axillary hyperhidrosis: the dermatologic reduction in underarm perspiration study","volume":"38","author":"Glaser","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ad.2016.12.011","article-title":"Microwave treatment for axillary hyperhidrosis and bromhidrosis","volume":"108","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Carpintero","year":"2017","journal-title":"Actas Dermosifiliogr"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2012.02375.x","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of a microwave device for treating axillary hyperhidrosis","volume":"38","author":"Hong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000001004","article-title":"A prospective study of axillary hair reduction in patients treated with microwave technology","volume":"43","author":"Brauer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23610","article-title":"Impact of microwave thermolysis energy levels on patient-reported outcomes for axillary hyperhidrosis and osmidrosis","volume":"55","author":"Grove","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182312445","article-title":"A narrative literature review of bias in collecting patient reported outcomes measures (PROMs)","volume":"18","author":"Zini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib18","first-page":"908","article-title":"A comprehensive approach to the recognition, diagnosis, and severity-based treatment of focal hyperhidrosis: recommendations of the Canadian Hyperhidrosis Advisory Committee","volume":"33","author":"Solish","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.1994.tb01167.x","article-title":"Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI)-a simple practical measure for routine clinical use","volume":"19","author":"Finlay","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-202X.2005.23621.x","article-title":"Translating the science of quality of life into practice: what do dermatology life quality index scores mean?","volume":"125","author":"Hongbo","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.19300","article-title":"Hyperhidrosis Quality of Life Index (HidroQoL\u00a9): further validation and clinical application in patients with axillary hyperhidrosis using data from a phase III randomized controlled trial","volume":"184","author":"Gabes","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib22","first-page":"997","article-title":"The Dermatology Life Quality Index 1994-2007: a comprehensive review of validation data and clinical results","volume":"159","author":"Basra","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2005.06.011","article-title":"Botulinum toxin type A injections: adverse events reported to the US Food and Drug Administration in therapeutic and cosmetic cases","volume":"53","author":"Cot\u00e9","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-020-02027-z","article-title":"Adverse events associated with Botox as reported in a Food and Drug Administration Database","volume":"45","author":"Ahsanuddin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1097\/WNF.0b013e31815cba8a","article-title":"Undesirable distant effects following botulinum toxin type A injection","volume":"31","author":"Roche","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Neuropharmacol"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1159\/000370245","article-title":"Serious and long-term adverse events associated with the therapeutic and cosmetic use of botulinum toxin","volume":"95","author":"Yiannakopoulou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharmacology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2002.49101.x","article-title":"Botulism-like syndrome after botulinum toxin type A injections for focal hyperhidrosis","volume":"147","author":"Tugnoli","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS2004196","article-title":"Fatal case of BOTOX-related anaphylaxis?","volume":"50","author":"Li","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-2077.44169","article-title":"Botulinum toxin deaths: what is the fact?","volume":"1","author":"Omprakash","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Cutan Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2023.06.005","article-title":"Microwave energy devices for hyperhidrosis are associated with infections, neurologic symptoms, and burns in a retrospective analysis of the Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience database 2013-2022","volume":"89","author":"Albucker","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.legalmed.2022.102095","article-title":"Fatal consequence after MiraDry\u00ae treatment: necrotizing fasciitis complicated with streptococcal toxic shock syndrome","volume":"58","author":"Wen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Leg Med (Tokyo)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1111\/dsu.12425","article-title":"Transient median and ulnar neuropathy associated with a microwave device for treating axillary hyperhidrosis","volume":"40","author":"Suh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.01.093","article-title":"Bilateral brachial plexus injury after MiraDry procedure for axillary hyperhidrosis","volume":"124","author":"Puffer","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000003992","article-title":"Conservative management of median nerve brachial plexopathy after microwave-based MiraDry treatment for axillary hyperhidrosis","volume":"9","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1080\/14764172.2017.1342039","article-title":"Brachial plexus injury after microwave-based treatment for axillary hyperhidrosis and osmidrosis","volume":"19","author":"Chang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Cosmet Laser Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.23656","article-title":"A single session of high-energy microwave axillary hyperhidrosis and osmidrosis therapy: key pretherapeutic assessment and outcome analysis","volume":"55","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.06.032","article-title":"Aggravation of mild axillary hidradenitis suppurativa by microwave ablation: results of a randomized intrapatient\u2013controlled trial","volume":"80","author":"Vossen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1472","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000001457","article-title":"Hidradenitis suppurativa\u2013like condition occurring after microwave sweat gland ablation","volume":"44","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdcr.2020.03.006","article-title":"Development of inflammatory nodules and scarring mimicking hidradenitis suppurativa after treatment of axillary hyperhidrosis using a microwave-based energy device","volume":"6","author":"Aleisa","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAAD Case Rep"}],"container-title":["JAAD International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666328724000099?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666328724000099?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]],"date-time":"2024-11-08T23:17:39Z","timestamp":1731107859000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2666328724000099"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["S2666328724000099"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["2666-3287"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2666-3287","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Botulinum toxin A versus microwave thermolysis for primary axillary hyperhidrosis: A randomized controlled trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"JAAD International","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdin.2023.12.011","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 by the American Academy of Dermatology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}