{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T00:30:24Z","timestamp":1792801824121,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]],"date-time":"2021-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003441","name":"University Hospital Ghent","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003441","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Evidence Based Dental Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]],"date-time":"2021-04-28T13:47:54Z","timestamp":1619617674000},"page":"101581","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Syncope in Dental Practices: A Systematic Review on Aetiology and Management"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Irene","family":"Hutse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7545-5307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Coppens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandrine","family":"Herbelet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1547-057X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenz","family":"Seyssens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luc","family":"Marks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1111\/jebm.12141","article-title":"The methodological quality assessment tools for preclinical and clinical studies, systematic review and meta-analysis, and clinical practice guideline: a systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Zeng","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Evid Based Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.04.026","article-title":"GRADE guidelines: 1. Introduction-GRADE evidence profiles and summary of findings tables","volume":"64","author":"Guyatt","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.2007.052936","article-title":"A state-wide survey of medical emergency management in dental practices: incidence of emergencies and training experience","volume":"25","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2008","journal-title":"Emerg Med J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2015.03.029","article-title":"Heart rhythm society expert consensus statement on the diagnosis and treatment of postural tachycardia syndrome, inappropriate sinus tachycardia, and vasovagal syncope","volume":"12","author":"Sheldon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1883","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy037","article-title":"ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of syncope","volume":"39","author":"Brignole","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa012407","article-title":"Incidence and prognosis of syncope","volume":"347","author":"Soteriades","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2006","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2000.tb07074.x","article-title":"Tissue oximetry for the diagnosis of neurally mediated syncope","volume":"23","author":"Singer","year":"2000","journal-title":"PACE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afq039","article-title":"Vasovagal syncope in the older person: differences in presentation between older and younger patients","volume":"39","author":"Duncan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1111\/idj.12046","article-title":"Awareness of dental practitioners to cope with a medical emergency: a survey in Belgium","volume":"63","author":"Marks","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Dent J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1111\/idj.12286","article-title":"General dentists' awareness of how to cope with medical emergencies in paediatric dental patients","volume":"67","author":"\u010cukovi\u0107-Bagi\u0107","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int Dent J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.17245\/jdapm.2015.15.2.53","article-title":"Dental fear & anxiety and dental pain in children and adolescents; a systemic review","volume":"15","author":"Shim","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Dent Anesth Pain Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1834-7819.2006.tb00405.x","article-title":"Dental fear in Australia: who's afraid of the dentist?","volume":"51","author":"Armfield","year":"2006","journal-title":"Aust Dent J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6831-7-12","article-title":"A national cross-sectional survey of dental anxiety in the French adult population","volume":"7","author":"Nicolas","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.2344\/0003-3006(2005)52[3:NADFSO]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Need and demand for sedation or general anesthesia in dentistry: a national survey of the Canadian population","volume":"52","author":"Chanpong","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anesth Prog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1997.0334","article-title":"EMERGENCY MEDICINE: beyond the basics","volume":"128","author":"Malamed","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2015.07.031","article-title":"European resuscitation council guidelines for resuscitation 2015 section 9. first aid","volume":"95","author":"Zideman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2018.072","article-title":"Knowledge and preparedness of dental practitioners on management of medical emergencies in Jazan Province","volume":"6","author":"Al-Iryani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Open Access Maced J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8229.163038","article-title":"Medical emergencies encountered in dental clinics: a study from the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia","volume":"22","author":"Alhamad","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Family Community Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0019","first-page":"28","article-title":"Evaluation of the dentists' knowledge on medical urgency and emergency","author":"Stafuzza","year":"2014","journal-title":"Braz Oral Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1111\/adj.12649","article-title":"Medical emergencies in dental practice \u2013 management requirements and international practitioner proficiency. A scoping review","volume":"63","author":"Vaughan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aust Dent J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0021","first-page":"123","volume":"19","author":"Arnault","year":"1990","journal-title":"Rev Odontostomatol (Paris)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0022","first-page":"76","article-title":"Syncope in dental practice","volume":"10","author":"Boudoulas","year":"1989","journal-title":"Compendium"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0023","first-page":"32","article-title":"Vasodepressor syncope","volume":"56","author":"Precious","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Can Dent Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20S","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2010.0349","article-title":"Basic management of medical emergencies Recognizing a patient's distress","volume":"141","author":"Reed","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"6","author":"Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0026","first-page":"1","article-title":"Celiac disease","author":"Rostom","year":"2004","journal-title":"Evid Rep Technol Assess (Summ)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0027","unstructured":"Moga C., Guo B., Schopflocher D., Harstall C. Development of a quality appraisal tool for case series studies using a modified delphi technique. 2012."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0028","article-title":"The Newcastle-ottawa scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in Meta-analyses","volume":"7","author":"Wells","year":"2014","journal-title":"OHRI"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0029","article-title":"Assessing the risk of bias in systematic reviews of health care interventions","author":"Viswanathan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Methods Guide for Effectiveness and Comparative Effectiveness Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","article-title":"Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses","volume":"327","author":"Higgins","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0031","series-title":"Practical Statistics For Medical Research","author":"Altman","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1111\/adj.12514","article-title":"Do people trust dentists? Development of the dentist trust scale","volume":"62","author":"Armfield","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aust Dent J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0546(02)79081-2","article-title":"Allergy to local anaesthetics in dentistry. Myth or reality?","volume":"30","author":"Baluga","year":"2002","journal-title":"Allergol Immunopathol (Madr)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0034","first-page":"496","article-title":"Immediate complications of local anesthetic administered to 1,007 consecutive patients","volume":"130","author":"Lustig","year":"1999","journal-title":"JADA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(99)70157-5","article-title":"Vasovagal syncope in heart transplant patients during dental surgery","volume":"87","author":"Montebugnoli","year":"1999","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1002\/j.0022-0337.2010.74.6.tb04912.x","article-title":"Brazilian dentists' attitudes about medical emergencies during dental treatment","volume":"74","author":"Arsati","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Dent Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22168","article-title":"Is dental phobia a blood-injection-injury phobia?","volume":"31","author":"Van Houtem","year":"2014","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(97)00016-8","article-title":"Overlap between dental anxiety and blood-injury fears: psychological characteristics and response to dental treatment","volume":"35","author":"Locker","year":"1997","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1308\/205016814812135823","article-title":"Fainting (vasovagal syncope): case reports","volume":"3","author":"Hardwick","year":"2014","journal-title":"Prim Dent J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0722.2006.00335.x","article-title":"Dental and medical injections: prevalence of self-reported problems among 18-yr-old subjects in Norway","volume":"114","author":"Vika","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Oral Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1006\/pmed.1998.0448","article-title":"Acute medical complications in 277 general dental practices","volume":"28","author":"Smeets","year":"1999","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0042","first-page":"132","article-title":"The incidence of complications associated with local anesthesia in dentistry","volume":"44","author":"Daubl\u00e4nder","year":"1997","journal-title":"Anesth Prog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0722.2010.00740.x","article-title":"Towards a better understanding of dental anxiety and fear: cognitions vs. experiences","volume":"118","author":"Armfield","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Oral Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10024-1601","article-title":"Medical emergency management among Iranian dentists","volume":"15","author":"Khami","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Contemp Dent Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e350","DOI":"10.1111\/eje.12301","article-title":"Simulation training for medical emergencies in the dental setting using an inexpensive software application","volume":"22","author":"Kishimoto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Dent Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1037\/a0018678","article-title":"Development and psychometric evaluation of the index of dental anxiety and fear (IDAF-4C+)","volume":"22","author":"Armfield","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7894(74)80008-0","article-title":"Psychometric description of some Specific-fear questionnaires","volume":"5","author":"Klorman","year":"1974","journal-title":"Behav Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345690480041801","article-title":"Development of a dental anxiety scale","volume":"48","author":"Corah","year":"1969","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1989.0068","article-title":"The prevalence of dental fear and avoidance: expanded adult and recent adolescent surveys","volume":"118","author":"Gatchel","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1988.0030","article-title":"The prevalence and practice management consequences of dental fear in a major US city","volume":"116","author":"Milgrom","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0051","first-page":"102","article-title":"Visual analogue scales as a measure of pain in arthritis: a study of overall pain and pain in individual joints at rest and on movement","volume":"16","author":"Badley","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4800469a","article-title":"Medical emergencies: the experience of staff of a UK dental teaching hospital","volume":"188","author":"Atherton","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br Dent J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9572(99)00054-4","article-title":"Prevalence of emergency events in British dental practice and emergency management skills of British dentists","volume":"41","author":"Girdler","year":"1999","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16613","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000016613","article-title":"Medical emergencies in dental hygienists' practice","volume":"98","author":"Smereka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s10286-008-0465-0","article-title":"Influence of age and gender on the occurrence and presentation of reflex syncope","volume":"18","author":"Romme","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clinical autonomic research: official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-89-3-403","article-title":"Psychologic stress, vasodepressor (vasovagal) syncope, and sudden death","volume":"89","author":"Engel","year":"1978","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/s13049-015-0116-0","article-title":"Is the supine position associated with loss of airway patency in unconscious trauma patients? A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Hyldmo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0058","series-title":"Anaesthetics and Their Administration: A Text-Book For Medical and Dental Practitioners and Students","author":"Hewitt","year":"1912"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2630","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp179","article-title":"Symptoms and signs of syncope: a review of the link between physiology and clinical clues","volume":"132","author":"Wieling","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2006.06.059","article-title":"Effectiveness of physical counterpressure maneuvers in preventing vasovagal syncope: the Physical Counterpressure Manoeuvres Trial (PC-Trial)","volume":"48","author":"van Dijk","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Evidence Based Dental Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1532338221000567?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1532338221000567?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T22:54:09Z","timestamp":1761519249000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1532338221000567"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1532338221000567"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581","relation":{},"ISSN":["1532-3382"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1532-3382","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Syncope in Dental Practices: A Systematic Review on Aetiology and Management","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Evidence Based Dental Practice","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jebdp.2021.101581","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101581"}}