{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T11:31:16Z","timestamp":1786966276418,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Evidence-Based Dental Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T10:04:31Z","timestamp":1778580271000},"page":"102307","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["THE ROLE OF PERIODONTITIS IN THE INITIATION AND PROGRESSION OF COGNITIVE DISORDERS: AN UMBRELLA REVIEW"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"CELINA","family":"GIULIANI","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"PATRICK R","family":"SCHMIDLIN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3215-2477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"OMID","family":"FAKHERAN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.30574\/ijsra.2024.11.1.0067","article-title":"Demographic shifts and healthcare: a review of aging populations and systemic challenges","volume":"11","author":"Jane Osareme","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Sci Res Arch"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0002","article-title":"Estimation of the global prevalence of dementia in 2019 and forecasted prevalence in 2050: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"7","author":"Nichols","year":"2022"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1007\/s40120-022-00338-8","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease: epidemiology and clinical progression","volume":"11","author":"Tahami Monfared","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurol Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0004","first-page":"1","article-title":"On dementia and other cognitive disorders","volume":"2","author":"Fymat","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Res Neurol"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.4782","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of dementia: review","volume":"322","author":"Arvanitakis","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7326\/ANNALS-24-02207","article-title":"Dementia","volume":"177","author":"Oh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2018.01.022","article-title":"Dementia","volume":"131","author":"Gale","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"10284","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32205-4","article-title":"Alzheimer's disease","volume":"397","author":"Scheltens","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1586\/ern.11.155","article-title":"Distinguishing Alzheimer's disease from other major forms of dementia","volume":"11","author":"Karantzoulis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Expert Rev Neurother"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2581","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10102581","article-title":"Inflammatory cascade in Alzheimer\u2019s disease pathogenesis: a review of experimental findings","volume":"10","author":"de Oliveira","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(00)00124-X","article-title":"Inflammation and Alzheimer's disease","volume":"21","author":"Akiyama","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.903455","article-title":"Inflammation from peripheral organs to the brain: how does systemic inflammation cause neuroinflammation?","volume":"14","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0013","first-page":"1","article-title":"Periodontal diseases","volume":"3","author":"Kinane","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"10194","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31146-8","article-title":"Oral diseases: a global public health challenge","volume":"394","author":"Peres","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13189","article-title":"Periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases: consensus report","volume":"47","author":"Sanz","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0016","article-title":"An update on periodontal inflammation and bone loss","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-011-2342-y","article-title":"Periodontitis and diabetes: a two-way relationship","volume":"55","author":"Preshaw","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00118-13","article-title":"Pathogens penetrating the central nervous system: infection pathways and the cellular and molecular mechanisms of invasion","volume":"27","author":"Dando","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6049","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20116049","article-title":"Treponema denticola has the potential to cause neurodegeneration in the midbrain via the periodontal route of infection\u2014narrative review","volume":"20","author":"Pisani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0902-0055.2001.00100.x","article-title":"Molecular and immunological evidence of oral Treponema in the human brain and their association with Alzheimer's disease","volume":"17","author":"Riviere","year":"2002","journal-title":"Oral Microbiol Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aau3333","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis in Alzheimer\u2019s disease brains: evidence for disease causation and treatment with small-molecule inhibitors","volume":"5","author":"Dominy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"issue":"6301","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aag2590","article-title":"How neuroinflammation contributes to neurodegeneration","volume":"353","author":"Ransohoff","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01486-5","article-title":"Role of neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration development","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sig Transduct Target Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0024","first-page":"132","article-title":"Summarizing systematic reviews: methodological development, conduct and reporting of an umbrella review approach","volume":"13","author":"Aromataris","year":"2015","journal-title":"JBI Evid Implement"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-3-25","article-title":"The development of QUADAS: a tool for the quality assessment of studies of diagnostic accuracy included in systematic reviews","volume":"3","author":"Whiting","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1557","article-title":"Graphical representation of overlap for OVErviews: GROOVE tool","volume":"13","author":"P\u00e9rez-Bracchiglione","year":"2022","journal-title":"Res Synth Methods"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm14090953","article-title":"Tooth loss in periodontitis patients\u2014a risk factor for mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta\u2014analysis","volume":"14","author":"Agarwal","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Pers Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5133","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-024-01243-8","article-title":"Impact of periodontal disease on cognitive disorders, dementia, and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"46","author":"Dibello","year":"2024","journal-title":"Geroscience"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sdentj.2023.06.004","article-title":"Periodontal health status of people with dementia - A systematic review of case-control studies","volume":"35","author":"Ab Malik","year":"2023","journal-title":"Saudi Dent J"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3677","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.14348","article-title":"Oral microbiome and serological analyses on association of Alzheimer's disease and periodontitis","volume":"29","author":"Fu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.14054","article-title":"Periodontal bacteria in the brain-implication for Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review","volume":"29","author":"Parra-Torres","year":"2023","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0032","article-title":"Periodontal disease and cognitive deficits: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurol Asia"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1159\/000458411","article-title":"Is periodontal disease associated with Alzheimer's disease? A systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"48","author":"Leira","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1111\/psyg.12743","article-title":"Periodontal disease and the risk of Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychogeriatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0035","article-title":"Periodontitis as a risk factor for dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Kim","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Evid-Base Dent Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9020495","article-title":"The role of periodontitis and periodontal bacteria in the onset and progression of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Dioguardi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-220627","article-title":"Association between oral bacteria and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"91","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Alzheimer\u2019s Dis"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182111157","article-title":"Evidence and therapeutic perspectives in the relationship between the oral microbiome and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Maitre","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0039","article-title":"Evidence of corelation between periodontal pathogens and alzheimers disease. A systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Ahmed","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Pharm Negat Res"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6823","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18136823","article-title":"The effect of periodontitis on dementia and cognitive impairment: a meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Guo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1159\/000496730","article-title":"Oral health and cognitive function in older adults: a systematic review","volume":"65","author":"Nangle","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gerontology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.651437","article-title":"Is there any association between neurodegenerative diseases and periodontitis? A systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Alvarenga","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4707","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20064707","article-title":"Association between periodontal disease and cognitive impairment in adults","volume":"20","author":"Said-Sadier","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232315320","article-title":"Is periodontitis associated with age-related cognitive impairment? The systematic review, confounders assessment and meta-analysis of clinical studies","volume":"23","author":"Dziedzic","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2018.02.016","article-title":"Periodontal disease severity in subjects with dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"76","author":"Gusman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol Geriatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.14283\/jpad.2023.82","article-title":"Oral health as a risk factor for Alzheimer disease","volume":"11","author":"Pruntel","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Prev Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.907804","article-title":"Neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration via microbial infections","volume":"13","author":"Tran","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4504","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25084504","article-title":"Periodontitis: a plausible modifiable risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases? A comprehensive review","volume":"25","author":"Plachokova","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291720005127","article-title":"Causal inference with observational data: the need for triangulation of evidence","volume":"51","author":"Hammerton","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.2202\/1557-4679.1117","article-title":"Causal inference from longitudinal studies with baseline randomization","volume":"4","author":"Toh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Biostat"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.70240","article-title":"Periodontitis and tooth loss are associated with higher risks of cognitive disorders: a systematic umbrella meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Qadir","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dent Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5771","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.14057","article-title":"The link between gut microbiome and Alzheimer's disease: from the perspective of new revised criteria for diagnosis and staging of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"20","author":"Liang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd22.250083","article-title":"The impact of oral health and dental services on the prevalence of subjective cognitive decline among middle-aged and older US adults: behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2022","volume":"22","author":"Alshanbari","year":"2025","journal-title":"Prev Chronic Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317521996142","article-title":"Association between oral health and the medical costs of dementia: a longitudinal study of older Japanese","volume":"36","author":"Saito","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen"}],"container-title":["Journal of Evidence-Based Dental Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1532338226000813?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1532338226000813?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T11:20:35Z","timestamp":1786965635000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1532338226000813"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1532338226000813"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307","relation":{},"ISSN":["1532-3382"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1532-3382","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"THE ROLE OF PERIODONTITIS IN THE INITIATION AND PROGRESSION OF COGNITIVE DISORDERS: AN UMBRELLA REVIEW","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Evidence-Based Dental Practice","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jebdp.2026.102307","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102307"}}