{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T13:08:56Z","timestamp":1789218536238,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011033","name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RYC-2017\\u201322060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RYC-2017\\u201322060"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011033","name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2020\\u2013119328GA-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2020\\u2013119328GA-I00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000266","name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/W014416\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/W014416\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000266","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIHR20016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR20016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000829","name":"Department for Education, UK Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000829","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"UK Research and Innovation Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/S037527\/"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/S037527\/"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012107","name":"Waterloo Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["27665413"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["27665413"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012107","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000269","name":"Economic and Social Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Experimental Child Psychology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T10:16:51Z","timestamp":1786702611000},"page":"106635","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["An ICF-informed comparison of fine motor assessment measures"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"273","author":[{"given":"Lucy H.","family":"Eddy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katy A.","family":"Shire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Magall\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liam J.B.","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily A.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cara E.","family":"Staniforth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nat K.","family":"Merrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Mon-Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. American Psychiatric Association. Doi:10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596.","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. American Psychiatric Association Publishing. Doi:10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425787.","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425787"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0015","unstructured":"Barnett, A., Hendersen, S., Scheib, B., & Schulz, J. (2007). The Detailed Assessment of Speed of Handwriting (DASH). Manual. https:\/\/uhra.herts.ac.uk\/handle\/2299\/11814."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0025","series-title":"BJEP Monograph Series II: Part 6 Teaching and Learning Writing. British Psychological Society","article-title":"Development and standardization of a new handwriting speed test: The Detailed Assessment of speed of Handwriting","author":"Barnett","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0020","unstructured":"Barnett, A., Henderson, S. A., & Scheib, B. (2024). Detailed Assessment of Speed of Handwriting, Second Edition. https:\/\/www.pearsonclinical.co.uk\/en-gb\/Store\/Professional-Assessments\/Academic-Learning\/Detailed-Assessment-of-Speed-of-Handwriting%2C-Second-Edition\/p\/P100057002."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0035","unstructured":"Beery, K. E. (1989). The VMI, developmental test of visual motor integration. Administration, scoring and teaching manual."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0040","unstructured":"Beery, K. E. (2010). Administration, scoring and teaching manual for the Beery-VMI."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beery, K. E., Beery, N. A., & Buktenica, N. A. (2010). Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration | Sixth Edition. https:\/\/www.pearsonclinical.co.uk\/en-gb\/Store\/Professional-Assessments\/Motor-Sensory\/Brief\/Beery-Buktenica-Developmental-Test-of-Visual-Motor-Integration-%7C-Sixth-Edition\/p\/P100009092.","DOI":"10.1037\/t48947-000"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01027151","article-title":"Lower-level developmental skills in beginning writing","volume":"4","author":"Berninger","year":"1992","journal-title":"Reading and Writing"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.14132","article-title":"International clinical practice recommendations on the definition, diagnosis, assessment, intervention, and psychosocial aspects of developmental coordination disorder","volume":"61","author":"Blank","year":"2019","journal-title":"Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-019-01150-5","article-title":"Motor Competence Levels and Developmental Delay in Early Childhood: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study Conducted in the USA","volume":"49","author":"Brian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sports Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2009.07.025","article-title":"A new tool for assessing human movement: The kinematic assessment tool","volume":"184","author":"Culmer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience Methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.1.1.16","article-title":"The Robustness of Test Statistics to Nonnormality and Specification Error in Confirmatory factor Analysis","volume":"1","author":"Curran","year":"1996","journal-title":"Psychological Methods"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0075","article-title":"The validity and reliability of observational assessment tools available to measure fundamental movement skills in school-age children: A systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Eddy","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One1"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1080\/1091367X.2021.1874955","article-title":"Fundamental Movement skills and their Assessment in Primary Schools from the Perspective of Teachers","volume":"25","author":"Eddy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0080","article-title":"\u201cThe system is a bit broken\u2026\u201d a qualitative exploration of barriers in the pathway for diagnosing Developmental Coordination Disorder","volume":"21","author":"Eddy","year":"2026","journal-title":"PLoS One1"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0085","series-title":"Exploring diagnosis of Developmental Coordination Disorder and Specific Developmental Disorder of Motor Function: a secondary data analysis using Connected Bradford","author":"Eddy","year":"2026"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1177\/000841740006700313","article-title":"Handwriting: Current Trends in Occupational Therapy Practice","volume":"67","author":"Feder","year":"2000","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0100","article-title":"Manual Control Age and sex differences in 4 to 11 Year Old Children","volume":"9","author":"Flatters","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One1"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2907","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-014-3947-4","article-title":"The relationship between a child\u2019s postural stability and manual dexterity","volume":"232","author":"Flatters","year":"2014","journal-title":"Experimental Brain Research"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-9457(01)00027-6","article-title":"Clinical and research diagnostic criteria for developmental coordination disorder: A review and discussion","volume":"20","author":"Geuze","year":"2001","journal-title":"Human Movement Science"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1037\/a0020104","article-title":"Fine motor skills and early comprehension of the world: Two new school readiness indicators","volume":"46","author":"Grissmer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001068","article-title":"Interrater and Test\u2010Retest Reliability of the Beery Visual\u2010Motor Integration in Schoolchildren","volume":"94","author":"Harvey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Optometry and Vision Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0125","series-title":"Movement-Assessment-Battery-for-Children-%","author":"Henderson","year":"2023"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.3109\/09638237.2012.745187","article-title":"Mood impairments in adults previously diagnosed with developmental coordination disorder","volume":"22","author":"Hill","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Mental Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.91.1.44","article-title":"Relationship between automaticity in handwriting and students\u2019 ability to generate written text","volume":"91","author":"Jones","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Educational Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1177\/001316447803800230","article-title":"The Validity of the Beery Test of Visual-Motor Integration in predicting Achievement in Kindergarten, first, and Second Grades","volume":"38","author":"Klein","year":"1978","journal-title":"Educational and Psychological Measurement"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/cch.13230","article-title":"Diagnostic services for developmental coordination disorder: Gaps and opportunities identified by parents","volume":"50","author":"Klein","year":"2024","journal-title":"Child: Care, Health and Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0150","unstructured":"Malina, R. M., Bouchard, C., & Bar-Or, O. (2003). Growth, Maturation, and Physical Activity. https:\/\/books.google.co.uk\/books?hl=en&lr=&id=VqFcFsykj6EC&oi=fnd&pg=PA1&dq=Growth,+maturation,+and+physical+activity&ots=ykUTKWlYL6&sig=oWQHMf0GBrKQnPv8p9ZL0ElBv-A&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Growth%2C%20maturation%2C%20and%20physical%20activity&f=false."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyae037","article-title":"Cohort Profile Update: Born in Bradford","volume":"53","author":"McEachan","year":"2024","journal-title":"International Journal of Epidemiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.15674","article-title":"Motor problems in autism: Co\u2010occurrence or feature?","volume":"66","author":"Miller","year":"2024","journal-title":"Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2010.12.025","article-title":"A staged approach for identifying children with developmental coordination disorder from the population","volume":"32","author":"Missiuna","year":"2011","journal-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0170","unstructured":"N8 Research Partnership. (2024). An evidence-based plan for upskilling our children and young people for digital futures. In https:\/\/www.n8research.org.uk\/media\/CotN_Digital-Futures_Report_7.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2019.00474","article-title":"Emotional and Behavioral Problems in 4- and 5-Year Old Children with and without Motor Delays","volume":"7","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2013.08.011","article-title":"The relation between cognitive and motor performance and their relevance for children\u2019s transition to school: A latent variable approach","volume":"33","author":"Roebers","year":"2014","journal-title":"Human Movement Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1080\/J006v23n04_04","article-title":"The Relationship between Postural Control and Fine Manual Dexterity","volume":"23","author":"Rosenblum","year":"2003","journal-title":"Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.15610.1","article-title":"Starting School: A large-scale start of school assessment within the \u2018born in Bradford\u2019 longitudinal cohort","volume":"5","author":"Shire","year":"2020","journal-title":"Wellcome Open Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1037\/h0071280","article-title":"The influence of improvement in one mental function upon the efficiency of other functions. II. the estimation of magnitudes","volume":"8","author":"Thorndike","year":"1901","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1630.12045","article-title":"Respecting the evidence: Responsible assessment and effective intervention for children with handwriting difficulties","volume":"60","author":"Wallen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Australian Occupational Therapy Journal"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.2011.001503","article-title":"Relationship between postural control and fine motor skills in preterm infants at 6 and 12 months Adjusted Age","volume":"65","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"The American Journal of Occupational Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0215","unstructured":"Wilson, B. N., Dewey, D., & Campbell, A. (1998). Developmental coordination disorder questionnaire (DCDQ)."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.54.5.484","article-title":"Reliability and Validity of a Parent Questionnaire on Childhood Motor skills","volume":"54","author":"Wilson","year":"2000","journal-title":"The American Journal of Occupational Therapy"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1080\/01942630902784761","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the revised developmental coordination disorder questionnaire","volume":"29","author":"Wilson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2214.2012.01403.x","article-title":"Awareness and knowledge of developmental co\u2010ordination disorder among physicians, teachers and parents","volume":"39","author":"Wilson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Child: Care, Health and Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0230","unstructured":"World Health Organisation. (2024). International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0235","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (1993). The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders (10th ed.). World Health Organization."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2012.05.005","article-title":"Developmental coordination disorder: A review and update","volume":"16","author":"Zwicker","year":"2012","journal-title":"European Journal of Paediatric Neurology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2214.2012.01379.x","article-title":"Quality of life domains affected in children with developmental coordination disorder: A systematic review","volume":"39","author":"Zwicker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Child: Care, Health and Development"}],"container-title":["Journal of Experimental Child Psychology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022096526001876?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022096526001876?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T13:04:13Z","timestamp":1789218253000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022096526001876"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["S0022096526001876"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0965"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-0965","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"An ICF-informed comparison of fine motor assessment measures","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jecp.2026.106635","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106635"}}