{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T12:29:35Z","timestamp":1777897775266,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,14]],"date-time":"2016-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1452729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":743,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jegh.org","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.com.au","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JEGH"],"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,21]],"date-time":"2014-04-21T12:45:14Z","timestamp":1398084314000},"page":"231","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["A prospective, observational, epidemiological evaluation of the aetiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of acute otitis media in Saudi children younger than 5 years of age"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Khalid A.","family":"Al-Mazrou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Atef M.","family":"Shibl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walid","family":"Kandeil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Yves","family":"Pir\u00e7on","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cinzia","family":"Marano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1995.03520270048030","article-title":"Trends in antimicrobial drug prescribing among office-based physicians in the United States","volume":"273","author":"McCaig","year":"1995","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/160.1.83","article-title":"Epidemiology of otitis media during the first seven years of life in children in greater Boston: a prospective, cohort study","volume":"160","author":"Teele","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(10)70012-8","article-title":"Otitis media and its consequences: beyond the earache","volume":"10","author":"Vergison","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000136871.51792.19","article-title":"Changes in frequency and pathogens causing acute otitis media in 1995\u20132003","volume":"23","author":"Casey","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000148233.57296.90","article-title":"Haemophilus influenzae: a significant pathogen in acute otitis media","volume":"23","author":"Leibovitz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0030","first-page":"167","article-title":"Clinical and bacteriological study of chronic otitis media in school boys of the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia","volume":"5","author":"Ashoor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5876(01)00617-6","article-title":"Epidemiology of acute otitis media among Saudi children","volume":"62","author":"Zakzouk","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0040","first-page":"217","article-title":"Streptococcus pneumoniae: epidemiology and risk factors, evolution of antimicrobial resistance, and impact of vaccines","volume":"16","author":"Lynch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pulm Med"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkf801","article-title":"Global antibiotic resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae","volume":"50","author":"Adam","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-49-4-361","article-title":"Clinical and microbiological epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteraemia","volume":"49","author":"McKenzie","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1179\/1973947812Y.0000000010","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance among Gram-positive pathogens in Saudi Arabia","volume":"24","author":"Yezli","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0060","unstructured":"Ministry of Health Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: health statistical year book 1431\/2010. Available at: http:\/\/www.moh.gov.sa\/en\/Ministry\/Statistics\/Indicator\/Pages\/Indicator-2012-01-10-0001.aspx; 2012 [Last update: 11.01.12; Accessed 22.05.12]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1586\/14760584.8.2.159","article-title":"Experience with pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in Norway","volume":"8","author":"Aaberge","year":"2009","journal-title":"Expert Rev Vaccines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.3.443","article-title":"Decrease of invasive pneumococcal infections in children among 8 children\u2019s hospitals in the United States after the introduction of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine","volume":"113","author":"Kaplan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0503.990304","article-title":"Bacterial vaccines and serotype replacement: lessons from Haemophilus influenzae and prospects for Streptococcus pneumoniae","volume":"5","author":"Lipsitch","year":"1999","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31803df9ca","article-title":"Emergence of 19A as virulent and multidrug resistant Pneumococcus in Massachusetts following universal immunization of infants with pneumococcal conjugate vaccine","volume":"26","author":"Pelton","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1086\/648593","article-title":"Sustained reductions in invasive pneumococcal disease in the era of conjugate vaccine","volume":"201","author":"Pilishvili","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(87)80226-3","article-title":"On classifying otitis media as suppurative or nonsuppurative, with a suggested clinical schema","volume":"111","author":"Paradise","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0095","unstructured":"World Medical Association. WMA declaration of Helsinki \u2013 ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. Available at: http:\/\/www.wma.net\/en\/30publications\/10policies\/b3\/index.html; [Last update: 2013; Accessed 07.02.14]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0100","series-title":"Manual of clinical microbiology","author":"Versaloric","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0105","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing: 19th informational supplement. CLSI document M100\u2013S19. Wayne, PA; 2009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.1.4.283","article-title":"Novel method for detection of beta-lactamases by using a chromogenic cephalosporin substrate","volume":"1","author":"O\u2019Callaghan","year":"1972","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1999.60.397","article-title":"Reliability of parental history of antibiotic use for Filipino children admitted with acute lower respiratory tract infection","volume":"60","author":"Sombrero","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1086\/528995","article-title":"Seasonality of antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae that causes acute otitis media: a clue for an antibiotic-restriction policy?","volume":"197","author":"Dagan","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0125","first-page":"190","article-title":"Pathogens in the middle ear effusion of children with persistent otitis media: implications of drug resistance and complications","volume":"34","author":"Li","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Microbiol Immunol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0130","series-title":"Otitis media in infants and children","author":"Bluestone","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3181975221","article-title":"Bacteriology of spontaneously draining acute otitis media in children before and after the introduction of pneumococcal vaccination","volume":"28","author":"Brook","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2161","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1651","article-title":"Diagnosis, microbial epidemiology, and antibiotic treatment of acute otitis media in children \u2013 a systematic review","volume":"304","author":"Coker","year":"2010","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000136868.91756.80","article-title":"Community-wide vaccination with the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate significantly alters the microbiology of acute otitis media","volume":"23","author":"Block","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"}],"container-title":["Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2210600614000239?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2210600614000239?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T20:14:53Z","timestamp":1739477693000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}},"alternative-id":["125905974"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["2210-6014"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2210-6014","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A prospective, observational, epidemiological evaluation of the aetiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of acute otitis media in Saudi children younger than 5years of age","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.03.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}