{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T09:57:01Z","timestamp":1777111021575,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]],"date-time":"2004-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1072915200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]],"date-time":"2004-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1072915200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jem-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Emergency Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2003.06.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,31]],"date-time":"2004-01-31T05:17:18Z","timestamp":1075526238000},"page":"47-50","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["A case series of patients with black tar heroin-associated necrotizing fasciitis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Seamus","family":"Lonergan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert M","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monique","family":"Schaulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prashanth","family":"Navaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2003.06.003_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1086\/320874","article-title":"Necrotizing fasciitis associated with injection drug use","volume":"33","author":"Chen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2003.06.003_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(99)00259-7","article-title":"Objective criteria may assist in distinguishing necroting fasciitis from nonnecrotizing soft tissue infection","volume":"179","author":"Wall","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2003.06.003_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS12549J","article-title":"An epidemic of intravenous narcoticism deaths associated with the resurgence of black tar heroin","volume":"33","author":"Sperry","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2003.06.003_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1996.01430200056011","article-title":"Necrotizing soft tissue infections","volume":"131","author":"Bosshardt","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2003.06.003_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/S1072-7515(00)00318-5","article-title":"A simple model to help distinuish necrotizing fasciitis from nonnecrotizing soft tissue infection","volume":"191","author":"Wall","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2003.06.003_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199611000-00011","article-title":"Necrotizing soft tissue infections, risk factors for mortality and strategies for management","volume":"224","author":"Elliot","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2003.06.003_BIB7","series-title":"Rosen's emergency medicine","first-page":"1944","article-title":"Soft tissue infections","author":"Meislin","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2003.06.003_BIB8","unstructured":"Aghababian RV, ed. Emergency medicine: the core curriculum. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2003.06.003_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.133.8.812","article-title":"Necrotizing soft tissue infection masquerading as cutaneous abscess following illicit drug injection","volume":"133","author":"Callahan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2003.06.003_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-199711000-00001","article-title":"Necrotizing fasciitis","volume":"90","author":"Majeski","year":"1997","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2003.06.003_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/S1072-7515(98)00192-6","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging differentiates between necrotizing and nonnecrotizing fasciitis of the lower extremity","volume":"187","author":"Brothers","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Emergency Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0736467903002889?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0736467903002889?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T16:13:14Z","timestamp":1760026394000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0736467903002889"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,1]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0736467903002889"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jemermed.2003.06.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0736-4679"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0736-4679","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A case series of patients with black tar heroin-associated necrotizing fasciitis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Emergency Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jemermed.2003.06.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"converted-article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}