{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T04:36:00Z","timestamp":1791606960109,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]],"date-time":"2015-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433116800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]],"date-time":"2015-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433116800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jem-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Emergency Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2015.02.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,5]],"date-time":"2015-04-05T16:59:57Z","timestamp":1428253197000},"page":"706-711","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Abnormal Urinalysis Results Are Common, Regardless of Specimen Collection Technique, in Women Without Urinary Tract Infections"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Bradley W.","family":"Frazee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kayla","family":"Enriquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valerie","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harrison","family":"Alter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2015.02.020_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2010.05.016","article-title":"The effect of triage diagnostic standing orders on emergency department treatment time","volume":"57","author":"Retezar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2015.02.020_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.5811\/westjem.2012.1.6855","article-title":"Urine collection in the emergency department: what really happens in there?","volume":"13","author":"Frazee","year":"2012","journal-title":"West J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2015.02.020_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2005.11.003","article-title":"Effect of perineal cleansing on contamination rate of mid-stream urine culture","volume":"19","author":"Blake","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2015.02.020_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199301283280420","article-title":"Does a clean-catch urine sample reduce bacterial contamination?","volume":"328","author":"Leisure","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2015.02.020_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/0195-6701(91)90096-Q","article-title":"Perineal cleansing and midstream urine specimens in ambulatory women","volume":"18","author":"Holliday","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2015.02.020_bib6","first-page":"241","article-title":"Evaluation of urine sampling technique: bacterial contamination of samples from women students","volume":"42","author":"Baerheim","year":"1992","journal-title":"Br J Gen Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2015.02.020_bib7","series-title":"Clinical microbiology procedures handbook","article-title":"Urine culture","author":"Pezzlo","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2015.02.020_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1086\/383029","article-title":"Laboratory diagnosis of urinary tract infections in adult patients","volume":"38","author":"Wilson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2015.02.020_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp10X514747","article-title":"Validating the prediction of lower urinary tract infection in primary care: sensitivity and specificity of urinary dipsticks and clinical scores in women","volume":"60","author":"Little","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Gen Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2015.02.020_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1067\/mem.2001.119427","article-title":"Comparison of test characteristics of urine dipstick and urinalysis at various test cutoff points","volume":"38","author":"Lammers","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2015.02.020_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-117-2-135","article-title":"Spectrum bias in the evaluation of diagnostic tests: lessons from the rapid dipstick test for urinary tract infection","volume":"117","author":"Lachs","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2015.02.020_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm.2011.823","article-title":"Mid-stream vs. first-voided urine collection by using automated analyzers for particle examination in healthy subjects: an Italian multicenter study","volume":"50","author":"Manoni","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2015.02.020_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1373\/49.1.188","article-title":"Effects of midstream collection and the menstrual cycle on urine particles and dipstick urinalysis among healthy females","volume":"49","author":"Morimoto","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2015.02.020_bib14","first-page":"140","article-title":"Is\u00a0the technique used to collect urine important in avoiding contamination of samples? [Spanish]","volume":"33","author":"Cabedo Garcia","year":"2004","journal-title":"Aten Primaria"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2015.02.020_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2537","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.160.16.2537","article-title":"Outpatient urine culture: does collection technique matter?","volume":"160","author":"Lifshitz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2015.02.020_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(98)70253-7","article-title":"Squamous cells as predictors of bacterial contamination in urine samples","volume":"31","author":"Walter","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Emergency Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0736467915001481?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0736467915001481?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T16:33:03Z","timestamp":1760027583000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0736467915001481"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0736467915001481"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jemermed.2015.02.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["0736-4679"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0736-4679","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Abnormal Urinalysis Results Are Common, Regardless of Specimen Collection Technique, in Women Without Urinary Tract Infections","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Emergency Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jemermed.2015.02.020","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}