{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T08:54:04Z","timestamp":1765961644469,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,18]],"date-time":"2023-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674000000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005039","name":"Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005039","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jem-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Emergency Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]],"date-time":"2023-02-21T04:20:22Z","timestamp":1676953222000},"page":"136-144","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Using Vital Signs to Place Acutely Ill Patients Quickly and Easily into Clinically Helpful Pathophysiologic Categories: Derivation and Validation of Eight Pathophysiologic Categories in Two Distinct Patient Populations of Acutely Ill Patients"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4741-9242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Kellett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Holland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bart G.J.","family":"Candel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2021.12.024","article-title":"A systematic review of the discrimination and absolute mortality predicted by the National Early Warning Scores according to different cut-off values and prediction windows","volume":"98","author":"Holland","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0002","first-page":"e0448","article-title":"Review of 20 years of continuous quality improvement of a rapid response system, at four institutions, to identify key process responsible for its success","volume":"3","author":"Vandegrift","year":"2021","journal-title":"Crit Care Explor"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1177\/1751143718764541","article-title":"Oxygen saturation and haemodynamic changes prior to circulatory arrest: implications for transplantation and resuscitation","volume":"20","author":"Gilhooley","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Intensive Care Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1969.03150150049010","article-title":"The \"VIP\" approach to the bedside management of shock","volume":"207","author":"Weil","year":"1969","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0005","first-page":"301","article-title":"A systems approach to the early recognition and rapid administration of best practice therapy in sepsis and septic shock","volume":"15","author":"Funk","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Opin Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-015-3822-1","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of early goal-directed therapy for septic shock: the ARISE, ProCESS and ProMISe Investigators","volume":"41","author":"Angus","year":"2015","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-02978-4","article-title":"Recommendations for fluid management of adults with sepsis in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review of guidelines","volume":"24","author":"Silberberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2050","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31824e65d7","article-title":"The impact of early monitored management on survival in hospitalized adult Ugandan patients with severe sepsis: a prospective intervention study","volume":"40","author":"Jacob","year":"2012","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e89879","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0089879","article-title":"Frequency of vital signs monitoring and its association with mortality among adults with severe sepsis admitted to a general medical ward in Uganda","volume":"9","author":"Asiimwe","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2017.06.52","article-title":"High-flow nasal oxygen therapy and noninvasive ventilation in the management of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure","volume":"5","author":"Frat","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0011","first-page":"PA2329","article-title":"Delays to non-invasive ventilation (NIV) are still happening. Why do clinicians in a tertiary hospital continue to do this?","volume":"54","author":"Nugent","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.2147\/OAEM.S178358","article-title":"Shock index in the emergency department: utility and limitations","volume":"11","author":"Koch","year":"2019","journal-title":"Open Access Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.96.1.308","article-title":"Hemodynamic patterns of age-related changes in blood pressure. The Framingham Heart Study","volume":"96","author":"Franklin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.80.6.1652","article-title":"Non-invasive determination of age-related changes in the human arterial pulse","volume":"80","author":"Kelly","year":"1989","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2016.05.022","article-title":"Predicting success of high-flow nasal cannula in pneumonia patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure: the utility of the ROX index","volume":"35","author":"Roca","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2021.08.012","article-title":"ROX index as a good predictor of high flow nasal cannula failure in COVID-19 patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"66","author":"Prakash","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.09.052","article-title":"The index of oxygenation to respiratory rate as a prognostic factor for mortality in sepsis","volume":"45","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0018","article-title":"The ROX index has greater predictive validity than NEWS2 for deterioration in Covid-19","volume":"35","author":"Prower","year":"2021","journal-title":"EClin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.52964\/AMJA.0900","article-title":"The prediction of early mortality by the ROX index of oxygenation and respiratory rate in diverse Canadian and Ugandan cohorts of unselected patient: a post-hoc retrospective analysis of 80,558 patient observations","volume":"21","author":"Kellett","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acute Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2011.08.022","article-title":"Validation of an abbreviated VitalpacTM Early Warning Score (ViEWS) in 75,419 consecutive admissions to a Canadian Regional Hospital","volume":"83","author":"Kellett","year":"2012","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/emermed-2020-210628","article-title":"The association between vital signs and clinical outcomes in emergency department patients of different age categories","author":"Candel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2014.07.014","article-title":"Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE): explanation and elaboration","volume":"12","author":"Vandenbroucke","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(1950)3:1<32::AID-CNCR2820030106>3.0.CO;2-3","article-title":"Index for rating diagnostic tests","volume":"3","author":"Youden","year":"1950","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e23525","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0023525","article-title":"OASIS: online application for the survival analysis of lifespan assays performed in aging research","volume":"6","author":"Yang","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.281053","article-title":"World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects","volume":"310","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2018.09.026","article-title":"A comparison of the ability of the National Early Warning Score and the National Early Warning Score 2 to identify patients at risk of in-hospital mortality: a multi-centre database study","volume":"134","author":"Pimentel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000000559","article-title":"The compensatory reserve for early and accurate prediction of hemodynamic compromise: a review of the underlying physiology","volume":"45","author":"Convertino","year":"2016","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2009.184499","article-title":"Heart rate during haemorrhage: time for reappraisal","volume":"588","author":"Secher","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000000323","article-title":"Individual-specific, beat-to-beat trending of significant human blood loss: the compensatory reserve","volume":"44","author":"Convertino","year":"2015","journal-title":"Shock"},{"issue":"suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.08.015","article-title":"The ATLS classification of hypovolaemic shock: a well-established teaching tool on the edge?","volume":"45","author":"Mutschler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Care Injured"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.52964\/AMJA.0404","article-title":"Trends in weighted vital signs and the clinical course of 44,531 acutely ill medical patients while in hospital","volume":"14","author":"Kellett","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acute Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1002\/ams2.252","article-title":"Importance of respiratory rate for the prediction of clinical deterioration after emergency department discharge: a single-centre, case\u2013control study","volume":"4","author":"Mochizuki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acute Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1186\/s13049-018-0525-y","article-title":"Repeated vital sign measurements in the emergency department predict patient deterioration within 72 hours: a prospective observational study","volume":"26","author":"Quinten","year":"2018","journal-title":"Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-055752","article-title":"Ability of the National Early Warning Score and its respiratory and haemodynamic subcomponents to predict short-term mortality on general wards: a prospective three-centre observational study in Finland","volume":"12","author":"Loisa","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.2007.046383","article-title":"Limitations in validating emergency department triage scales","volume":"24","author":"Twomey","year":"2007","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201803-0589OC","article-title":"An index combining respiratory rate and oxygenation to predict outcome of nasal high-flow therapy","volume":"199","author":"Roca","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00279.2016","article-title":"Nasal high-flow therapy reduces work of breathing compared with oxygen during sleep in COPD and smoking controls: a prospective observational study","volume":"122","author":"Biselli","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-021-00967-6","article-title":"Awake prone position reduces work of breathing in patients with COVID\u201119 ARDS supported by CPAP","volume":"11","author":"Chiumello","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R172","DOI":"10.1186\/cc12851","article-title":"and The Trauma Register DGU. The Shock Index revisited \u2013 a fast guide to transfusion requirement? A retrospective analysis on 21,853 patients derived from the TraumaRegister DGU\u00ae","volume":"17","author":"Mutschler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Crit Care"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Emergency Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0736467922008034?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0736467922008034?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T16:51:41Z","timestamp":1760028701000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0736467922008034"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0736467922008034"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024","relation":{},"ISSN":["0736-4679"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0736-4679"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Using Vital Signs to Place Acutely Ill Patients Quickly and Easily into Clinically Helpful Pathophysiologic Categories: Derivation and Validation of Eight Pathophysiologic Categories in Two Distinct Patient Populations of Acutely Ill Patients","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Emergency Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jemermed.2022.12.024","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}