{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T12:35:47Z","timestamp":1772800547034,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,1]],"date-time":"2006-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1154390400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,1]],"date-time":"2006-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1154390400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","jenonline.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Emergency Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,22]],"date-time":"2006-07-22T07:16:08Z","timestamp":1153552568000},"page":"S12-S18","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"special_numbering":"S","title":["Recognition and Treatment of Acute Cyanide Poisoning"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Stephen W.","family":"Borron","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PCC.0000192508.92993.D1","article-title":"Acute cyanide poisoning","volume":"7","author":"Peddy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatr Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib2","first-page":"19","article-title":"Acute cyanide poisoning: causes, consequences, recognition and management","volume":"2","author":"Dart","year":"2004","journal-title":"Frontline First Responder"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.24.14.1358.43149","article-title":"Cyanide poisoning and its treatment","volume":"24","author":"Gracia","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2005.06.002","article-title":"Cyanides","volume":"21","author":"Morocco","year":"2005","journal-title":"Crit Care Clin"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib5","first-page":"S3","article-title":"Sources of human exposure to cyanide","volume":"32","author":"Schnepp","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib6","first-page":"160","article-title":"Hydrogen cyanide in fire smoke: an under appreciated threat","volume":"33","author":"Walsh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Emerg Med Serv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1080\/20024091064246","article-title":"Toxicity of fire smoke","volume":"32","author":"Alarie","year":"2002","journal-title":"Crit Rev Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib8","first-page":"18","article-title":"Smoke and fire: recognizing cyanide as a toxic agent","volume":"May","author":"Augustine","year":"2005","journal-title":"fireEMS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199112193252502","article-title":"Elevated blood cyanide concentrations in victims of smoke inhalation","volume":"325","author":"Baud","year":"1991","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib10","first-page":"193","article-title":"Antidotal treatment of cyanide poisoning","volume":"66","author":"Megarbane","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Chin Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib11","series-title":"Medical response to terrorism: preparedness and clinical practice","first-page":"26","article-title":"Cyanide","author":"Gracia","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib12","first-page":"399","article-title":"Hydroxocobalamin is an effective antidote in severe acute cyanide poisoning in man. Abstract","volume":"23","author":"Borron","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327876MP1402_6","article-title":"Neurotoxicological and behavioral effects of cyanide and its potential therapies","volume":"14","author":"Baskin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mil Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib14","author":"Baskin"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib15","first-page":"18","article-title":"Hydroxocobalamin: treatment for smoke inhalation-associated cyanide poisoning. Meeting the needs of fire victims","volume":"29","author":"Fortin","year":"2004","journal-title":"JEMS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2044","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200209000-00015","article-title":"Value of lactic acidosis in the assessment of the severity of acute cyanide poisoning","volume":"30","author":"Baud","year":"2002","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-003-1866-0","article-title":"Is elevated plasma lactate a useful marker in the evaluation of pure carbon monoxide poisoning?","volume":"29","author":"Benaissa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib18","first-page":"107","article-title":"Cyanide toxicity","volume":"48","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1097\/00000446-200208000-00036","article-title":"Where there\u2019s smoke, there may be cyanide","volume":"102","author":"Koschel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib20","unstructured":"Anonymous. Mankato student\u2019s death ruled suicide. CBS Broadcasting Inc., WCCO.com News. March 15, 2006."},{"issue":"suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib21","first-page":"S19","article-title":"Management of the cyanide-poisoned patient","volume":"32","author":"Koschel","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1067\/mem.2001.114315","article-title":"Hydroxocobalamin: improved public health readiness for cyanide disasters","volume":"37","author":"Sauer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52139","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M310359200","article-title":"Reversal of cyanide inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase by the auxiliary substrate nitric oxide: an endogenous antidote to cyanide poisoning?","volume":"278","author":"Pearce","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1552-4604.1992.tb03849.x","article-title":"The antidotal action of sodium nitrite and sodium thiosulfate against cyanide poisoning","volume":"32","author":"Baskin","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib26","first-page":"304","article-title":"Acute cyanide poisoning: a case report with toxicokinetic study","volume":"75","author":"Wananukul","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib27","first-page":"3","article-title":"Suspected cyanide poisoning in smoke inhalation: complications of sodium nitrite therapy","volume":"9","author":"Hall","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Toxicol Clin Exp"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-6757(87)90360-3","article-title":"Toxic smoke inhalation: cyanide poisoning in fire victims","volume":"5","author":"Jones","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib29","first-page":"487","article-title":"The role of cyanide in fires","volume":"27","author":"Becker","year":"1985","journal-title":"Vet Hum Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2005.06.288","article-title":"Hydroxocobalamin for empiric treatment of smoke inhalation-associated cyanide poisoning: results of a prospective study in the prehospital setting. Abstract","volume":"46","author":"Borron","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib31","first-page":"731","article-title":"Hydroxocobalamin for poisoning caused by ingestion of potassium cyanide: a case study. Abstract","volume":"43","author":"Fortin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(94)70164-4","article-title":"Effect of the cyanide antidote hydroxocobalamin on commonly ordered serum chemistry studies","volume":"24","author":"Curry","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib33","first-page":"121","article-title":"Study of the mechanisms involved in hydroxocobalamin interference with determination of some biochemical parameters","volume":"52","author":"Gourlain","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Biol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.3109\/15563659309000395","article-title":"Hydroxocobalamin as a cyanide antidote: safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetics in heavily smoking normal volunteers","volume":"31","author":"Forsyth","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Toxicol Clin Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2002.tb04709.x","article-title":"Allergy to hydroxocobalamin, with tolerance of cyanocobalamin","volume":"177","author":"Heyworth-Smith","year":"2002","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.1997.tb02561.x","article-title":"Anaphylactic reaction to hydroxocobalamin","volume":"52","author":"Branco-Ferreira","year":"1997","journal-title":"Allergy"}],"container-title":["Journal of Emergency Nursing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0099176706002704?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0099176706002704?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T19:32:11Z","timestamp":1758828731000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0099176706002704"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0099176706002704"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["0099-1767"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0099-1767","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Recognition and Treatment of Acute Cyanide Poisoning","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Emergency Nursing","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jen.2006.05.011","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2006 Emergency Nurses Association. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}