{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T16:13:24Z","timestamp":1785946404280,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011581","name":"Indian Institute of Technology Indore","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011581","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Environmental Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]],"date-time":"2024-12-24T18:32:59Z","timestamp":1735065179000},"page":"123807","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Spatio-temporal analysis of extreme air pollution and risk assessment"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"373","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0600-3942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kuldeep Singh","family":"Rautela","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manish Kumar","family":"Goyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.4103\/jehp.jehp_1379_20","article-title":"Identifying drivers and factors affecting behavioral risk factors of noncommunicable diseases: a scoping review","volume":"10","author":"Alidoost","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Educ. Health Promot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib2","first-page":"1355","article-title":"Development of integrated asset management model for highway facilities based on risk evaluation","volume":"23","author":"Alshboul","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Constr. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib3","first-page":"265","author":"Anuszkiewicz","year":"2023","journal-title":"The Economic Impact of Air Pollution in Beijing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.14872","article-title":"Clarifying Amazonia's burning crisis","volume":"26","author":"Barlow","year":"2020","journal-title":"Glob. Chang. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2021.111123","article-title":"Global PM2.5-attributable health burden from 1990 to 2017: estimates from the Global Burden of disease study 2017","volume":"197","author":"Bu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2015.11.004","article-title":"Evaluation of the surface PM2.5 in version 1 of the NASA MERRA aerosol reanalysis over the United States","volume":"125","author":"Buchard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.5194\/gmd-7-1247-2014","article-title":"Root mean square error (RMSE) or mean absolute error (MAE)? \u2013 Arguments against avoiding RMSE in the literature","volume":"7","author":"Chai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Geosci. Model Dev. (GMD)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8175","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-22-8175-2022","article-title":"Aerosol atmospheric rivers: climatology, event characteristics, and detection algorithm sensitivities","volume":"22","author":"Chakraborty","year":"2022","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.11.025","article-title":"A review of biomass burning: emissions and impacts on air quality, health and climate in China","volume":"579","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4209\/aaqr.220191","article-title":"Trends and variability of PM2.5 at different time scales over Delhi: long-term analysis 2007\u20132021","volume":"23","author":"Chetna","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aerosol Air Qual. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib11","first-page":"138","volume":"vol. 1","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s40629-014-0003-7","article-title":"Climate change and air pollution","volume":"23","author":"D'Amato","year":"2014","journal-title":"Allergo J. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e433","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(24)00114-1","article-title":"Ambient air pollution and daily mortality in ten cities of India: a causal modelling study","volume":"8","author":"de Bont","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Planet. Heal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib14","series-title":"The Impact of Air Pollution on Health, Economy, Environment and Agricultural Sources","article-title":"Causes and consequences of air pollution and environmental injustice as critical issues for science and environmental education","author":"Dimitriou","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2019WR026533","article-title":"Glacial Lake outburst flood hazard, downstream impact, and risk over the Indian himalayas","volume":"56","author":"Dubey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Water Resour. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2068","DOI":"10.1126\/science.289.5487.2068","article-title":"Climate extremes: observations, modeling, and impacts","volume":"289","author":"Easterling","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib18","series-title":"Air - European Commission","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6066","DOI":"10.1002\/2015GL064479","article-title":"Substantial contribution of anthropogenic air pollution to catastrophic floods in Southwest China","volume":"42","author":"Fan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105748","article-title":"Exposure to indoor air pollution across socio-economic groups in high-income countries: a scoping review of the literature and a modelling methodology","volume":"143","author":"Ferguson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1080\/10962247.2015.1040526","article-title":"Air quality and climate connections","volume":"65","author":"Fiore","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1007\/s41885-017-0004-3","article-title":"Impacts of a changing climate on economic damages and insurance","volume":"1","author":"Franzke","year":"2017","journal-title":"Econ. Disasters Clim. Chang."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e535","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(22)00090-0","article-title":"Pollution and health: a progress update","volume":"6","author":"Fuller","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Planet. Heal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2004.06.036","article-title":"Cities and population health","volume":"60","author":"Galea","year":"2005","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5577","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-22-5577-2022","article-title":"The impact of temperature inversions on black carbon and particle mass concentrations in a mountainous area","volume":"22","author":"Glojek","year":"2022","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1007\/s00704-023-04599-7","article-title":"Heatwave magnitude impact over Indian cities: CMIP 6 projections","volume":"154","author":"Goyal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Theor. Appl. Climatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2022.121685","article-title":"Climate change impact on precipitation extremes over Indian cities: non-stationary analysis","volume":"180","author":"Goyal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.155344","article-title":"Natural and anthropogenic factors and their interactions drive stream community integrity in a North American river basin at a large spatial scale","volume":"835","author":"Green","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f7139","article-title":"The burden of air pollution on years of life lost in Beijing, China, 2004-08: retrospective regression analysis of daily deaths","volume":"347","author":"Guo","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1039\/D2EA00027J","article-title":"Evolution of India's PM 2.5 pollution between 1998 and 2020 using global reanalysis fields coupled with satellite observations and fuel consumption patterns","volume":"2","author":"Guttikunda","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Atmos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7879","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c01764","article-title":"Global estimates and long-term trends of fine particulate matter concentrations (1998\u20132018)","volume":"54","author":"Hammer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosres.2021.105975","article-title":"Impact of atmospheric circulation patterns on properties and regional transport pathways of aerosols over Central-West Asia: emphasizing the Tibetan Plateau","volume":"266","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Atmos. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib33","author":"Huang"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S85","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2017.304219","article-title":"The Donora smog revisited: 70 Years after the event that inspired the clean air Act","volume":"108","author":"Jacobs","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib35","author":"James"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apr.2021.02.016","article-title":"Contribution of different source sectors and source regions of Indo-Gangetic Plain in India to PM2.5 pollution and its short-term health impacts during peak polluted winter","volume":"12","author":"Jat","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmos. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.1002\/joc.6935","article-title":"Low frequency global\u2010scale modes and its influence on rainfall extremes over India: nonstationary and uncertainty analysis","volume":"41","author":"Jha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Climatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2021.120679","article-title":"A novel analysis of COVID 19 risk in India incorporating climatic and socioeconomic Factors","volume":"167","author":"Jha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2023.121447","article-title":"Impact of industrial air pollution on the quality of atmospheric water production","volume":"325","author":"Kaplan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/frsc.2021.705131","article-title":"Air pollution, climate change, and human health in Indian cities: a brief review","volume":"3","author":"Kaur","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Sustain. Cities"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2021.126185","article-title":"Joint behaviour of climate extremes across India: past and future","volume":"597","author":"Kumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2020.120532","article-title":"A novel framework for risk assessment and resilience of critical infrastructure towards climate change","volume":"165","author":"Kumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.03.017","article-title":"The influence of odd\u2013even car trial on fine and coarse particles in Delhi","volume":"225","author":"Kumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5349","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-41086-z","article-title":"Reversal of trends in global fine particulate matter air pollution","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1038\/s41561-022-00933-2","article-title":"Winter particulate pollution severity in North China driven by atmospheric teleconnections","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Geosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4209\/aaqr.220290","article-title":"Comparison and impact factor analysis of ground PM2.5 retrieved by Aqua and himawari-8 satellite products in Guangdong, China","volume":"23","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aerosol Air Qual. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib48","article-title":"Environmental and health impacts of air pollution: a review","volume":"8","author":"Manisalidis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Public Heal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/s40641-016-0032-z","article-title":"Extreme air pollution in global megacities","volume":"2","author":"Marlier","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Clim. Chang. Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2020.03.258","article-title":"A model for particulate matter (PM2.5) prediction for Delhi based on machine learning approaches","volume":"167","author":"Masood","year":"2020","journal-title":"Procedia Comput. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1007\/s11869-023-01357-6","article-title":"Spatio-temporal patterns and trends of the air pollution integrating MERRA-2 and in situ air quality data over Egypt (2013\u20132021)","volume":"16","author":"Masoud","year":"2023","journal-title":"Air Qual. Atmos. Heal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib52","article-title":"Do cities mitigate or exacerbate environmental damages to health?","volume":"103973","author":"Molitor","year":"2023","journal-title":"Reg. Sci. Urban Econ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30752-2","article-title":"Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990\u20132019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"396","author":"Murray","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s44274-023-00018-w","article-title":"The relationship between atmospheric temperature inversion and urban air pollution characteristics: a case study of Tehran, Iran","volume":"1","author":"Nejad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Discov. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(20)30298-9","article-title":"Health and economic impact of air pollution in the states of India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"5","author":"Pandey","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Planet. Heal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfueco.2024.100125","article-title":"Advancing sustainable urban mobility: insights from best practices and case studies","volume":"20","author":"Papadakis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Fuel Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1038\/s41612-022-00286-y","article-title":"Increased aerosol concentrations in the High Arctic attributable to changing atmospheric transport patterns","volume":"5","author":"Pernov","year":"2022","journal-title":"npj Clim. Atmos. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1080\/10962247.2013.851044","article-title":"Changes in weather and climate extremes: state of knowledge relevant to air and water quality in the United States","volume":"64","author":"Peterson","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2021.127737","article-title":"Drought occurrence in Different River Basins of India and blockchain technology based framework for disaster management","volume":"312","author":"Poonia","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2022GH000711","article-title":"Mortality attributable to ambient air pollution: a review of global estimates","volume":"7","author":"Pozzer","year":"2023","journal-title":"GeoHealth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apr.2016.10.009","article-title":"Evaluation of PM surface concentrations simulated by version 1 of NASA's MERRA aerosol reanalysis over Europe","volume":"8","author":"Proven\u00e7al","year":"2017","journal-title":"Atmos. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/asl.1076","article-title":"Dust storm simulation over the Sahara Desert (Moroccan and Mauritanian regions) using <scp>HYSPLIT<\/scp&gt","volume":"23","author":"Qor\u2010el\u2010aine","year":"2022","journal-title":"Atmos. Sci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2024.130869","article-title":"Evaluating the future risk of coastal Ramsar wetlands in India to extreme rainfalls using fuzzy logic","volume":"632","author":"Rakkasagi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6823","DOI":"10.1175\/JCLI-D-16-0609.1","article-title":"The MERRA-2 Aerosol Reanalysis, 1980 Onward. Part I: System Description and Data Assimilation Evaluation","volume":"30","author":"Randles","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib64","article-title":"Resilience to air pollution: a novel approach for detecting and predicting aerosol atmospheric rivers within Earth system boundaries","author":"Rautela","year":"2024","journal-title":"Earth Syst. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2023.119675","article-title":"Characterizing the spatio-temporal distribution, detection, and prediction of aerosol atmospheric rivers on a global scale","volume":"351","author":"Rautela","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manage."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-024-34625-8","article-title":"Aerosol atmospheric rivers: patterns, impacts, and societal insights","author":"Rautela","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib67","series-title":"Stanford J Env","article-title":"Limiting liability in the greenhouse: insurance risk-management strategies in the context of global climate change","author":"Ross","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1029\/2018GH000170","article-title":"Impact of deadly dust storms (may 2018) on air quality, meteorological, and atmospheric parameters over the northern parts of India","volume":"3","author":"Sarkar","year":"2019","journal-title":"GeoHealth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib69","first-page":"12","article-title":"Effects of air pollution on surface water contamination","volume":"1","author":"Shareeb","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Eng. Res. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.1007\/s00704-017-2343-y","article-title":"Spatiotemporal trends in extreme rainfall and temperature indices over Upper Tapi Basin, India","volume":"134","author":"Sharma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Theor. Appl. Climatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7398","DOI":"10.3390\/su16177398","article-title":"Enhancing urban sustainability and resilience: employing digital twin technologies for integrated WEFE nexus management to achieve SDGs","volume":"16","author":"Shehadeh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0002222","article-title":"Risk assessment model for optimal gain\u2013pain share ratio in target cost contract for construction projects","volume":"148","author":"Shehadeh","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Constr. Eng. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.122234","article-title":"Integrating climate change predictions into infrastructure degradation modelling using advanced markovian frameworks to enhanced resilience","volume":"368","author":"Shehadeh","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manage."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1080\/02626667.2022.2159412","article-title":"Role of large-scale climate oscillations in precipitation extremes associated with atmospheric rivers: nonstationary framework","volume":"68","author":"Singh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hydrol. Sci. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib75","first-page":"520","article-title":"Relative influence of ENSO, IOD, and AMO over spatiotemporal variability of hydroclimatic extremes in Narmada basin, India. AQUA \u2014 water Infrastructure","volume":"72","author":"Singh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ecosyst. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141461","article-title":"Exceedances and trends of particulate matter (PM2.5) in five Indian megacities","volume":"750","author":"Singh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e139","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(21)00350-8","article-title":"Global urban temporal trends in fine particulate matter (PM2\u00b75) and attributable health burdens: estimates from global datasets","volume":"6","author":"Southerland","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Planet. Heal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16203891","article-title":"Influencing factors of PM2.5 pollution: disaster points of meteorological factors","volume":"16","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib79","series-title":"Nature-related Risks in the Global Insurance Sector | Green Finance Platform","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7183","DOI":"10.1029\/2000JD900719","article-title":"Summarizing multiple aspects of model performance in a single diagram","volume":"106","author":"Taylor","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. Atmos."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5321","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-18-5321-2018","article-title":"The effect of South American biomass burning aerosol emissions on the regional climate","volume":"18","author":"Thornhill","year":"2018","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.12.132","article-title":"Source regional contributions to PM2.5 in a megacity in China using an advanced source regional apportionment method","volume":"147","author":"Tian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2013.01.018","article-title":"The influence of meteorological factors and biomass burning on surface ozone concentrations at Tanah Rata, Malaysia","volume":"70","author":"Toh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/ad4a90","article-title":"Air pollution from biomass burning in India","volume":"19","author":"Tripathi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib106","article-title":"Annual Report 2022, United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR)","year":"2023","journal-title":"United Nations Off. Disaster Risk Reduct"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4939","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-06885-9","article-title":"Air quality co-benefits for human health and agriculture counterbalance costs to meet Paris Agreement pledges","volume":"9","author":"Vandyck","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117664","article-title":"Changes in air quality in Mexico City, London and Delhi in response to various stages and levels of lockdowns and easing of restrictions during COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"285","author":"Vega","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2022.116536","article-title":"The diminishing effects of winter heating on air quality in northern China","volume":"325","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manage."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.01.086","article-title":"The impacts of urbanization on fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations: empirical evidence from 135 countries worldwide","volume":"247","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.3390\/atmos13091352","article-title":"Spatiotemporal trends and influencing factors of PM2.5 concentration in eastern China from 2001 to 2018 using satellite-derived high-resolution data","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Atmosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib90","series-title":"Impact Evaluation of Development Interventions: A Practical Guide","author":"White","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib91","series-title":"Sulfur Dioxide and Carbon Monoxide","article-title":"WHO global air quality guidelines: particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), ozone, nitrogen dioxide","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib92","series-title":"Statistical Methods in the Atmospheric Sciences","author":"Wilks","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4836","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b05576","article-title":"Economic impacts from PM 2.5 pollution-related health effects in China: a provincial-level analysis","volume":"50","author":"Xie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108301","article-title":"Urban and suburban decadal variations in air pollution of Beijing and its meteorological drivers","volume":"181","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(03)00446-7","article-title":"Natural and technologic hazardous material releases during and after natural disasters: a review","volume":"322","author":"Young","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12359","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-21-12359-2021","article-title":"Observation and modeling of the historic \u201cGodzilla\u201d african dust intrusion into the caribbean basin and the southern US in june 2020","volume":"21","author":"Yu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e7","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(19)30267-0","article-title":"Bushfires in Australia: a serious health emergency under climate change","volume":"4","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Planet. Heal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2024.123852","article-title":"Is model-estimated PM2.5 exposure equivalent to station-observed in mortality risk assessment? A literature review and meta-analysis","volume":"348","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e209","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(23)00008-6","article-title":"Global estimates of daily ambient fine particulate matter concentrations and unequal spatiotemporal distribution of population exposure: a machine learning modelling study","volume":"7","author":"Yu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Planet. Heal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20010695","article-title":"Understanding anthropogenic PM2.5 concentrations and their drivers in China during 1998-2016","volume":"20","author":"Yun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.114276","article-title":"Spatiotemporal variations and influencing factors of PM2.5 concentrations in Beijing, China","volume":"262","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105862","article-title":"The changing PM2.5 dynamics of global megacities based on long-term remotely sensed observations","volume":"142","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4354","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18084354","article-title":"Chemical composition and source apportionment of wintertime airborne PM2.5 in changchun, northeastern China","volume":"18","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9455","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-23-9455-2023","article-title":"High-time-resolution chemical composition and source apportionment of PM 2.5 in northern Chinese cities: implications for policy","volume":"23","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."}],"container-title":["Journal of Environmental Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0301479724037939?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0301479724037939?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T20:10:01Z","timestamp":1762287001000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0301479724037939"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":104,"alternative-id":["S0301479724037939"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-4797"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4797","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Spatio-temporal analysis of extreme air pollution and risk assessment","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Environmental Management","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123807","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"123807"}}