{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T14:57:14Z","timestamp":1793458634859,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010892","name":"Department of Science and Technology, Republic of the Philippines","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010892","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LP190100755"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LP190100755"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010218","name":"Department of Science and Technology, Philippines","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010218","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001409","name":"Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001409","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015828","name":"Republic of the Philippines Science Education Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015828","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Environmental Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T20:07:16Z","timestamp":1745438836000},"page":"125431","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Correlations between catchment-scale farm infrastructure densities and stocking rate to stream nutrient concentrations in dairy-dominant catchments"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"383","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2713-2487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonah Lee","family":"Bas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4982-146X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew W.","family":"Western","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2058-6128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Sargent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei Wen","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0444-3488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Perran","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2121-0301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Lintern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1404","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13081404","article-title":"Estimating excreted nutrients to improve nutrient management for grazing system dairy farms","volume":"13","author":"Aarons","year":"2023","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1002\/wics.51","article-title":"Partial least squares regression and projection on latent structure regression (PLS Regression)","volume":"2","author":"Abdi","year":"2010","journal-title":"WIREs Comput. Stat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2014.04.034","article-title":"A catchment study of sources and sinks of nutrients and sediments in south-east Australia","volume":"515","author":"Adams","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1071\/SR10147","article-title":"Soil type influences the leaching of microbial indicators under natural rainfall following application of dairy shed effluent","volume":"49","author":"Aislabie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Soil Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib6","series-title":"Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2010WR010196","article-title":"Spatiotemporal averaging of in-stream solute removal dynamics","volume":"47","author":"Basu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Water Resour. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/tas\/txaa134","article-title":"Stocking rate impacts performance and economics of grazing beef steers on mixed-grass prairies of the Southern Great Plains1","volume":"4","author":"Beck","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib9","series-title":"Advances in Agronomy","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2113(06)94006-1","article-title":"The impacts of grazing animals on the quality of soils, vegetation, and surface waters in intensively managed grasslands","author":"Bilotta","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2001.302303x","article-title":"Chesapeake Bay eutrophication: scientific understanding, ecosystem restoration, and challenges for agriculture","volume":"30","author":"Boesch","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Environ. Qual."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-020-08433-9","article-title":"Tracing nutrient pollution from industrialized animal production in a large coastal watershed","volume":"192","author":"Brown","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Monit. Assess."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2008.0371","article-title":"Sources and transformations of nitrate from streams draining varying land uses: evidence from dual isotope analysis","volume":"38","author":"Burns","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Environ. Qual."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1890\/1051-0761(1998)008[0559:NPOSWW]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Nonpoint pollution of surface waters with phosphorus and nitrogen","volume":"8","author":"Carpenter","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ecol. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.limno.2017.06.002","article-title":"Weighting the impacts to stream water quality in small basins devoted to forage crops, dairy and beef cow production","volume":"65","author":"Chalar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Limnologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s10533-010-9551-1","article-title":"Long term nutrient loads and chlorophyll dynamics in a large temperate Australian lagoon system affected by recurring blooms of cyanobacteria","volume":"107","author":"Cook","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biogeochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1080\/00288233.2004.9513613","article-title":"Advanced pond system for dairy\u2010farm effluent treatment","volume":"47","author":"Craggs","year":"2004","journal-title":"N. Z. J. Agric. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-2743.2007.00109.x","article-title":"Agriculture as a source of phosphorus causing eutrophication in Central and Eastern Europe","volume":"23","author":"Csath\u00f3","year":"2007","journal-title":"Soil Use Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib19","first-page":"e19","article-title":"Persistent eutrophication and hypoxia in the coastal ocean","volume":"1","author":"Dai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Camb. Prisms: Coastal Futures"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.still.2017.05.011","article-title":"Measuring and modelling soil erosion and sediment yields in a large cultivated catchment under no-till of Southern Brazil","volume":"174","author":"Didon\u00e9","year":"2017","journal-title":"Soil Tillage Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib24","article-title":"Estimating herbage mass on pastures to adjust stocking rate","volume":"6","author":"Dubeux","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Data Inf. Serv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.2135\/cropsci2008.08.0509","article-title":"Animal behavior and soil nutrient redistribution in continuously stocked Pensacola Bahiagrass pastures managed at different intensities","volume":"49","author":"Dubeux Jr","year":"2009","journal-title":"Crop Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib26","series-title":"ArcGIS Pro, Version 3.0","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1002\/cem.2736","article-title":"Comparison of the variable importance in projection (VIP) and of the selectivity ratio (SR) methods for variable selection and interpretation","volume":"29","author":"Farr\u00e9s","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Chemometr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1080\/10643389709388502","article-title":"The effectiveness and restoration potential of riparian ecotones for the management of nonpoint source pollution, particularly nitrate","volume":"27","author":"Fennessy","year":"1997","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/162898a0","article-title":"Transformation of frequency distributions","volume":"162","author":"Finney","year":"1948","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoleng.2016.11.064","article-title":"Nitrous oxide emissions following dairy shed effluent application beneath Kunzea robusta (Myrtaceae) trees","volume":"99","author":"Franklin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ecol. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2007.338","article-title":"Dynamic variation of supernatant quality in a dairy shed waste stabilisation pond system","volume":"55","author":"Fyfe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Water Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1234485","article-title":"Sustainable intensification in agriculture: premises and policies","author":"Garnett","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib33","series-title":"Advances in Agronomy","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2113(10)05003-0","article-title":"Towards a holistic classification of diffuse agricultural water pollution from intensively managed grasslands on heavy soils","author":"Granger","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib34","series-title":"Pre-European Load Estimates into the Gippsland Lakes. Technical Report","author":"Grayson","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib35","first-page":"166","article-title":"Cattle stocking rates estimated in temperate intensive grasslands with a spring growth model derived from MODIS NDVI time-series","volume":"52","author":"Green","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/hyp.13996","article-title":"Predicting quantiles of water quality from catchment characteristics","volume":"35","author":"Guo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hydrol. Process."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib37","series-title":"Encyclopedia of Statistical Sciences","article-title":"Partial least squares regression","author":"Helland","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/s11270-020-04537-7","article-title":"Impact of dairy pond sludge application on phosphorus fractions in paddock soil","volume":"231","author":"Hong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1002\/cem.822","article-title":"Robust methods for partial least squares regression","volume":"17","author":"Hubert","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Chemometr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.2307\/1312558","article-title":"Hierarchical Approaches to the Study of Water Quality in Rivers: spatial scale and terrestrial processes are important in developing models to translate research results to management practices","volume":"45","author":"Hunsaker","year":"1995","journal-title":"Bioscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/hyp.13985","article-title":"Direct and indirect effects of rainfall and vegetation coverage on runoff, soil loss, and nutrient loss in a semi-humid climate","volume":"35","author":"Huo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hydrol. Process."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib42","series-title":"Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computational Science and Technology","first-page":"151","article-title":"Smart cattle: cattle live weight estimation based on a deep learning approach","author":"Jaini","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemolab.2020.103937","article-title":"Mdatools \u2013 R package for chemometrics","volume":"198","author":"Kucheryavskiy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chemometr. Intell. Lab. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2011-4512","article-title":"Extended grazing: a detailed analysis of Irish dairy farms","volume":"95","author":"L\u00e4pple","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s00267-010-9440-3","article-title":"Eutrophication of lake waters in China: cost, causes, and control","author":"Le","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.09.123","article-title":"Water quality in the upper Han River basin, China: the impacts of land use\/land cover in riparian buffer zone","volume":"165","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib47","article-title":"Key factors influencing differences in stream water quality across space","volume":"5","author":"Lintern","year":"2018","journal-title":"Wiley Interdiscip. Rev.: Water"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7252","DOI":"10.1029\/2017WR022172","article-title":"What are the key catchment characteristics affecting spatial differences in riverine water quality?","volume":"54","author":"Lintern","year":"2018","journal-title":"Water Resour. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117337","article-title":"A multi-model approach to assessing the impacts of catchment characteristics on spatial water quality in the Great Barrier Reef catchments","volume":"288","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1080\/00288233.2000.9513403","article-title":"Farm dairy effluent: a review of published data on chemical and physical characteristics in New Zealand","volume":"43","author":"Longhurst","year":"2000","journal-title":"N. Z. J. Agric. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15603","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1511797112","article-title":"Global phosphorus retention by river damming","volume":"112","author":"Maavara","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99519","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3313253","article-title":"Advancing wildlife protection: Mask R-CNN for rail track identification and unwanted object detection","volume":"11","author":"Mahmud","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib53","author":"Matysik"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rala.2015.03.001","article-title":"A review of three select Rangeland and Pastureland quantitative inventory methods and determining estimated stocking rates","volume":"37","author":"May","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rangelands"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.164963","article-title":"Linking the uptake of best management practices on dairy farms to catchment water quality improvement over a 20-year period","volume":"895","author":"McDowell","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1694(02)00286-X","article-title":"Before and after riparian management: sediment and nutrient exports from a small agricultural catchment, Western Australia","volume":"270","author":"McKergow","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/cem.3226","article-title":"Comparison of variable selection methods in partial least squares regression","volume":"34","author":"Mehmood","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Chemometr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1111\/1752-1688.13177","article-title":"Remotely sensed imagery reveals animal feeding operations increase downstream dissolved reactive phosphorus","volume":"60","author":"Meyer","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAWRA J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2022.128301","article-title":"The spatial organization of CAFOs and its relationship to water quality in the United States","volume":"613","author":"Miralha","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/sdata.2015.70","article-title":"VLUIS, a land use data product for Victoria, Australia, covering 2006 to 2013","volume":"2","author":"Morse-McNabb","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Data"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2018.09.011","article-title":"Spatio-temporal controls of dissolved organic carbon stream water concentrations","volume":"566","author":"Musolff","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2015.03.008","article-title":"Dominant mechanisms for the delivery of fine sediment and phosphorus to fluvial networks draining grassland dominated headwater catchments","volume":"523","author":"Perks","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-4162-10063","article-title":"Effect of seasonal conditions and milk management practices on bulk milk quality in Minas Gerais State - Brazil","volume":"71","author":"Picinin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2011.12.068","article-title":"Effects of land cover, topography, and built structure on seasonal water quality at multiple spatial scales","volume":"209\u2013210","author":"Pratt","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1021\/es303225h","article-title":"Testing a biofilter cover design to mitigate dairy effluent pond methane emissions","volume":"47","author":"Pratt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.05.057","article-title":"Can control of soil erosion mitigate water pollution by sediments?","volume":"468\u2013469","author":"Rickson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2010.10.015","article-title":"Predicting river water quality across North West England using catchment characteristics","volume":"395","author":"Rothwell","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.still.2018.08.001","article-title":"Clay amount and distribution influence organic carbon content in sand with subsoil clay addition","volume":"184","author":"Schapel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Soil Tillage Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/s10705-009-9334-z","article-title":"Nutrient redistribution by grazing cattle drives patterns of topsoil N and P stocks in a low-input pasture ecosystem","volume":"88","author":"Schnyder","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nutrient Cycl. Agroecosyst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib71","article-title":"Nutrient concentrations in big creek correlate to regional watershed land use","volume":"2","author":"Sharpley","year":"2017","journal-title":"Agri. Environ. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iswcr.2023.06.003","article-title":"Best management practices to reduce soil erosion and change water balance components in watersheds under grain and dairy production","volume":"12","author":"Silva","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Soil Water Conserv. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.2007.52.3.1246","article-title":"Nitrogen dynamics in grassland streams along a gradient of agricultural development","volume":"52","author":"Simon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Limnol. Oceanogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3462","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(01)00062-8","article-title":"Buffer zone versus whole catchment approaches to studying land use impact on river water quality","volume":"35","author":"Sliva","year":"2001","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/S0269-7491(99)00091-3","article-title":"Eutrophication: impacts of excess nutrient inputs on freshwater, marine, and terrestrial ecosystems","volume":"100","author":"Smith","year":"1999","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyq191","article-title":"The proof and measurement of association between two things","volume":"39","author":"Spearman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.03.126","article-title":"Livestock grazing impact on soil wettability and erosion risk in post-fire agricultural lands","volume":"573","author":"Stavi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib79","author":"Stein"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoleng.2004.11.005","article-title":"Determination of COD, BOD, and suspended solids loads during combined sewer overflow (CSO) events in some combined catchments in Spain","volume":"24","author":"Su\u00e1rez","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ecol. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib81","series-title":"2023 International Conference on Sustainable Communication Networks and Application (ICSCNA). Presented at the 2023 International Conference on Sustainable Communication Networks and Application (ICSCNA)","first-page":"969","article-title":"Improved object detection and recognition for aerial surveillance: vehicle detection with deep Mask R-CNN","author":"Sunanda","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2016.08.0310","article-title":"Assessing the performance of floating biofilters for oxidation of methane from dairy effluent ponds","volume":"46","author":"Syed","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Environ. Qual."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib83","article-title":"Soil and landscape Grid national soil attribute maps - total nitrogen (3\" resolution","volume":"1","author":"Viscarra Rossel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib84","article-title":"Soil and landscape Grid national soil attribute maps - total phosphorus (3\" resolution","volume":"1","author":"Viscarra Rossel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2024.116872","article-title":"Soil surface roughness of sloping croplands affected by land degradation degree and residual of incorporated straw","volume":"444","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Geoderma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.3390\/plants12030423","article-title":"Effects of the rainfall intensity and slope gradient on soil erosion and nitrogen loss on the sloping fields of Miyun reservoir","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib88","article-title":"1 second SRTM derived hydrological digital elevation model","author":"Wilson","year":"2011","journal-title":"DEM-H)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib89","series-title":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing and Computer Applications (ICIPCA). Presented at the 2023 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing and Computer Applications (ICIPCA)","first-page":"1484","article-title":"Dynamic object detection and segmentation based on Mask R-CNN","author":"Xue","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1002\/rra.2646","article-title":"Seasonally driven variation in spatial relationships between agricultural land use and in-stream nutrient concentrations","volume":"30","author":"Yates","year":"2014","journal-title":"River Res. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1007\/s00254-008-1573-9","article-title":"The influence of topography and land use on water quality of Xiangxi River in Three Gorges Reservoir region","volume":"58","author":"Ye","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Geol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj2018.12.0496","article-title":"Subsurface clay soil application improved aggregate stability, nitrogen availability, and organic carbon preservation in degraded ultisols with cover crop mixtures","volume":"83","author":"Ye","year":"2019","journal-title":"Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4523","DOI":"10.3390\/w7084523","article-title":"Forms of nutrients in rivers flowing into Lake Chaohu: a comparison between urban and rural rivers","volume":"7","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Water"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.still.2018.01.009","article-title":"Effect of soil surface roughness on infiltration water, ponding and runoff on tilled soils under rainfall simulation experiments","volume":"179","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Soil Tillage Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1177\/09670335221097236","article-title":"Performance evaluation of variable selection methods coupled with partial least squares regression to determine the target component in solid samples","volume":"30","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Near Infrared Spectrosc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2016.12.015","article-title":"Hydrological and environmental controls of the stream nitrate concentration and flux in a small agricultural watershed","volume":"545","author":"Zhou","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Environmental Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0301479725014070?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0301479725014070?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T22:37:48Z","timestamp":1751582268000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0301479725014070"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":88,"alternative-id":["S0301479725014070"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431","relation":{"is-supplemented-by":[{"id-type":"uri","id":"https:\/\/data.mendeley.com\/datasets\/2fs98x4mky\/1","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["0301-4797"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4797","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Correlations between catchment-scale farm infrastructure densities and stocking rate to stream nutrient concentrations in dairy-dominant catchments","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Environmental Management","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125431","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"125431"}}