{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T02:48:21Z","timestamp":1782355701737,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765238400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004424","name":"Water Research Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004424","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021856","name":"Ministero dell'Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021856","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Forschung, Technologie und Raumfahrt","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011033","name":"State Agency of Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Environmental Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T18:31:25Z","timestamp":1765218685000},"page":"128206","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Sustainable photolyzers for activation of peroxosulfuric acids in the reclaiming treatment of municipal wastewater"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"397","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2015-2864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. Pilar","family":"Castro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5234-0873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Moratalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6652-0496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"S\u00e1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2518-8436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel A.","family":"Rodrigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2025.104730","article-title":"A review of microplastics pollution in dams globally: consequences and future outlook","volume":"276","author":"Abdipour","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Contam. Hydrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ces.2019.115215","article-title":"Chemical engineering for a solar economy (2017 P. V. Danckwerts Lecture)","volume":"210","author":"Agrawal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.133319","article-title":"Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in aquaculture effluent: insight into breeding and rearing activities, alarming impacts, regulations, performance of wastewater treatment unit and future approaches","volume":"290","author":"Ahmad","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2021.103357","article-title":"Mineralization, kinetics, and degradation pathway of pentachlorophenol degradation from aqueous media via persulfate\/dithionite process","volume":"14","author":"Asgari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arab. J. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4890","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26164890","article-title":"UV-C peroxymonosulfate activation for wastewater regeneration: simultaneous inactivation of pathogens and degradation of contaminants of emerging concern","author":"Berruti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2023.124118","article-title":"Optimization of the electrolytic production of Caro\u2019s acid. Towards industrial production using diamond electrodes","volume":"320","author":"Castro","year":"2023","journal-title":"Separ. Purif. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123686","article-title":"Treatment of effluent from municipal wastewater treatment plants using electrochemically produced Caro\u2019s acid","volume":"373","author":"Castro","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.153870","article-title":"Towards scaling up of the electrochemical production of Caro\u2019s acid: electrode size and\/or stacking?","volume":"495","author":"Castro","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jwpe.2023.103902","article-title":"Outstanding productions of peroxymonosulfuric acid combining tailored electrode coating and 3D printing","volume":"53","author":"Castro","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Water Process Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1080\/01919512.2013.761564","article-title":"The electrochemical generation of ozone: a review","volume":"35","author":"Christensen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ozone: Sci. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psep.2023.07.088","article-title":"Electrochemical generation of chlorine dioxide for use in environmental remediation","volume":"177","author":"da Silva","year":"2023","journal-title":"Process Saf. Environ. Prot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2014.10.104","article-title":"Understanding persulfate production at boron doped diamond film anodes","volume":"150","author":"Davis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.156900","article-title":"Integration of a 3D-printed electrochemical reactor with a tubular membrane photoreactor to promote sulfate-based advanced oxidation processes","volume":"500","author":"de Olivera","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2020.124865","article-title":"Innovative light-driven chemical\/catalytic reactors towards contaminants of emerging concern mitigation: a review","volume":"394","author":"Esp\u00edndola","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib15","first-page":"44","article-title":"Life cycle assessment model for the chlor-alkali process: a comprehensive review of resources and available technologies","volume":"12","author":"Garcia-Herrero","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sustain. Prod. Consum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wri.2022.100194","article-title":"Activated persulfate and peroxymonosulfate based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for antibiotics degradation \u2013 a review","volume":"29","author":"Honarmandrad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Water Resour. Ind."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2018.05.040","article-title":"Pre-disinfection columns to improve the performance of the direct electro-disinfection of highly faecal-polluted surface water","volume":"222","author":"Isidro","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.132334","article-title":"Adapting the low-cost pre-disinfection column PREDICO for simultaneous softening and disinfection of pore water","volume":"287","author":"Isidro","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2018.07.036","article-title":"Removal of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) and antibiotic resistant bacteria in urban wastewater using UVA\/TiO2\/H2O2 photocatalysis","volume":"210","author":"Jim\u00e9nez-Tototzintle","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1021\/ac60074a024","article-title":"Volumetric determination of persulfate in presence of organic substances","volume":"25","author":"Kolthoff","year":"1953","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.08.130","article-title":"Performance of secondary wastewater treatment methods for the removal of contaminants of emerging concern implicated in crop uptake and antibiotic resistance spread: a review","volume":"648","author":"Krzeminski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.124177","article-title":"A photovoltaic powered ocean-based electrochemical system produces highly oxidizing active substances for simultaneous removal of antibiotics and heavy metals from mariculture wastewater","volume":"286","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2021.116815","article-title":"Tube-in-tube membrane photoreactor as a new technology to boost sulfate radical advanced oxidation processes","volume":"191","author":"Lumbaque","year":"2021","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coelec.2018.07.010","article-title":"Electrochemical oxidation of organic pollutants for wastewater treatment","volume":"11","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Huitle","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Electrochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib26","article-title":"Diamond electrode facilitated electrosynthesis of water and wastewater treatment oxidants","volume":"32","author":"Mora","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Electrochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jwpe.2023.104153","article-title":"Facing the treatment of polymedicated effluents using gaseous ozone electrochemically generated","volume":"55","author":"Moratalla","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Water Process Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2942","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2019.09.019","article-title":"Electrosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide by phase-transfer catalysis","volume":"3","author":"Murray","year":"2019","journal-title":"Joule"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.157124","article-title":"European scale assessment of the potential of ozonation and activated carbon treatment to reduce micropollutant emissions with wastewater","volume":"848","author":"Pistocchi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2012.11.002","article-title":"Application of solar AOPs and ozonation for elimination of micropollutants in municipal wastewater treatment plant effluents","volume":"47","author":"Prieto-Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2024.142355","article-title":"Continuous UV-C\/H2O2 and UV-C\/Chlorine applied to municipal secondary effluent and nanofiltration retentate: removal of contaminants of emerging concern, ecotoxicity, and reuse potential","volume":"361","author":"Rodrigues-Silva","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2018.04.044","article-title":"Intensification of UV-C tertiary treatment: disinfection and removal of micropollutants by sulfate radical based advanced oxidation processes","volume":"372","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Chueca","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2019.03.152","article-title":"Evaluation of transformation products from chemical oxidation of micropollutants in wastewater by photoassisted generation of sulfate radicals","volume":"226","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Chueca","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcata.2008.07.043","article-title":"Direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide from hydrogen and oxygen: an overview of recent developments in the process","volume":"350","author":"Samanta","year":"2008","journal-title":"Appl. Catal. Gen."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelechem.2019.113756","article-title":"Understanding the electrolytic generation of sulfate and chlorine oxidative species with different boron-doped diamond anodes","volume":"857","author":"Santos","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Electroanal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150677","article-title":"Human health and ecological risk assessment of 98 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) detected in Indian surface and wastewaters","volume":"807","author":"Sengar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2025.104676","article-title":"Electrochemical remediation of microplastics: progress and prospects in water treatment","volume":"275","author":"Smriti","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Contam. Hydrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2023.109766","article-title":"Tubular membrane photoreactor for the tertiary treatment of urban wastewater towards antibiotics removal: application of different photocatalyst\/oxidant combinations and ozonation","volume":"11","author":"Vazquez","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib39","article-title":"Sulfonamide-resistant bacteria and their resistance genes in soils fertilized with manures from Jiangsu province, Southeastern China","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.124355","article-title":"Microplastic interactions with co-existing pollutants in water environments: synergistic or antagonistic roles on their removal through current remediation technologies","volume":"376","author":"Xiong","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.120361","article-title":"Extreme soil salinity reduces N and P metabolism and related microbial network complexity and community immigration rate","volume":"264","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2018.06.071","article-title":"Electrochemical generation of persulfate and its performance on 4-bromophenol treatment","volume":"207","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Separ. Purif. Technol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Environmental Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0301479725041829?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0301479725041829?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T02:44:43Z","timestamp":1782355483000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0301479725041829"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":41,"alternative-id":["S0301479725041829"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-4797"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4797","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Sustainable photolyzers for activation of peroxosulfuric acids in the reclaiming treatment of municipal wastewater","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Environmental Management","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.128206","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"128206"}}