{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T15:16:24Z","timestamp":1778685384749,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42377070"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42377070"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42107261"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42107261"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008867","name":"Department of Education of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008867","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LQ22D030002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LQ22D030002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Environmental Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T23:13:34Z","timestamp":1770160414000},"page":"128823","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Performance evaluation and numerical modeling of permeable reactive barrier for removal of antibiotic resistance genes from groundwater"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"400","author":[{"given":"Dongsheng","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuyang","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiali","family":"Shentu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yaojie","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wangwei","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shengqi","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2015.12.016","article-title":"Bacteria cell properties and grain size impact on bacteria transport and deposition in porous media","volume":"139","author":"Bai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Colloids Surf., B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117480","article-title":"Modeling the vertical transport of antibiotic resistance genes in agricultural soils following manure application","volume":"285","author":"Barrios","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2016.03.006","article-title":"Persistence of naturally occurring antibiotic resistance genes in the bacteria and bacteriophage fractions of wastewater","volume":"95","author":"Calero-C\u00e1ceres","year":"2016","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11440","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c13603","article-title":"Environmentally persistent free radicals in biochar: environmental context and future research needs","volume":"59","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.126357","article-title":"Transport of antibiotic resistance genes in the landfill plume: experiment and numerical modeling","volume":"375","author":"Gao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib6","first-page":"441","article-title":"Investigation of clogging in porous media induced by microorganisms using a microfluidic application","volume":"7","author":"Gaol","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Wat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2014.12.004","article-title":"Oxidative stress protection by polyphosphate\u2014new roles for an old player","volume":"24","author":"Gray","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib8","article-title":"ZnO nanorod coatings attenuate antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) on their surface biofilms in estuarine environment","volume":"12","author":"Guo","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1038\/s43017-023-00404-1","article-title":"Sustainable remediation and redevelopment of brownfield sites","volume":"4","author":"Hou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Earth Env."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.171991","article-title":"Antibiotic resistome in landfill leachate and impact on groundwater","volume":"927","author":"Jia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-021-00649-x","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance in the environment","volume":"20","author":"Larsson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2024.121584","article-title":"Dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes from aboveground sources to groundwater in livestock farms","volume":"256","author":"Lei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2022.128052","article-title":"Effect of biochar on antibiotic resistance genes in the anaerobic digestion system of antibiotic mycelial dreg","volume":"364","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bioresource Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-023-12842-4","article-title":"Distribution of antibiotic resistance genes and their pathogen hosts in duck farm environments in south-east coastal China","volume":"108","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2025.137663","article-title":"Differing envelope composition of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria controls the adhesion and bactericidal performance of nanoscale zero-valent iron","volume":"489","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.117718","article-title":"Effect of dissolved biochar on the transfer of antibiotic resistance genes between bacteria","volume":"288","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2025.159683","article-title":"Inactivation of antibiotic resistance genes by nanoscale zero-valent iron modified biochar composites: synergistic effect of oxidative damage and physical destruction","volume":"505","author":"Ma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2022.139413","article-title":"Bacterial cell lysis induced by pre-acidification greatly promoting the degradation of carried antibiotic resistance genes in zero-valent iron activated Fenton-like processes","volume":"452","author":"Meng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.3390\/w6040818","article-title":"Transport of pathogen surrogates in soil treatment units: numerical modeling","volume":"6","author":"Morales","year":"2014","journal-title":"Water"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2022.126128","article-title":"Various biomass pyrolysis conditions influence the porosity and pore size distribution of biochar","volume":"263","author":"Muzyka","year":"2023","journal-title":"Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2024.135946","article-title":"Roles of silica coating on nanosized zero-valent iron in sequential reduction\u2013oxidation process in a system containing persulfate","volume":"480","author":"Nguyen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advwatres.2021.103888","article-title":"Insight into particle detachment in clogging of porous media; a pore scale study using lattice Boltzmann method","volume":"151","author":"Parvan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Water Resour."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gsd.2023.100914","article-title":"A review on the use of permeable reactive barriers as an effective technique for groundwater remediation","volume":"21","author":"Sakr","year":"2023","journal-title":"Groundw. Sustain. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.118765","article-title":"Overlooked risk of antibiotic resistance genes in typical landfill plumes and their influencing factors","volume":"302","author":"Shen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ecotox. Environ. Safe."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.01.107","article-title":"Investigating antibiotics, antibiotic resistance genes, and microbial contaminants in groundwater in relation to the proximity of urban areas","volume":"236","author":"Szekeres","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.152688","article-title":"Improving antibiotic resistance removal from piggery wastewater by involving zero-valent iron within an integrated anoxic-aerobic biofilm reactor","volume":"493","author":"Tang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib27","article-title":"Modeling biochar-soil depth dependency on fecal coliform straining under subsurface drip irrigation","volume":"31","author":"Teshnizi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Technol. Inno."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2020.123689","article-title":"Antibiotic and metal resistance genes are closely linked with nitrogen-processing functions in municipal solid waste landfills","volume":"403","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10426","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.3c03768","article-title":"Effects of antibiotic resistance genes and antibiotics on the transport and deposition behaviors of bacteria in porous media","volume":"57","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2022.129122","article-title":"Bacterial capture and inactivation in sand filtration systems with addition of zero-valent iron as permeable layer under both slow and fast filtration conditions","volume":"436","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2025.137459","article-title":"The overlooked risk of horizontal transfer of plasmid-borne antibiotic resistance genes induced by synthetic phenolic antioxidants","volume":"488","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2006WR004948","article-title":"Straining of colloidal particles in saturated porous media","volume":"42","author":"Xu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Water Resour. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2024.121309","article-title":"Affecting factors and mechanism of removing antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes by nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) and modified nZVI: a critical review","volume":"253","author":"Xue","year":"2024","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2020.116455","article-title":"Antibiotics and antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) in groundwater: a global review on dissemination, sources, interactions, environmental and human health risks","volume":"187","author":"Zainab","year":"2020","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2022.138879","article-title":"Impact of reactive oxygen species on cell activity and structural integrity of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in electrochemical disinfection system","volume":"451","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.114508","article-title":"Sulfidated nanoscale zero-valent iron is an efficient material for the removal and regrowth inhibition of antibiotic resistance genes","volume":"263","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib37","article-title":"Modification of sand filtration system with biochar\/zero valent iron-biochar for the simultaneous removal of algal cells and microcystin-LR","volume":"492","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.01.063","article-title":"Antibiotic reisistome in landfill leachate from different cities of China deciphered by metagenomic analysis","volume":"134","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Water Res."}],"container-title":["Journal of Environmental Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0301479726002835?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0301479726002835?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T14:46:39Z","timestamp":1778683599000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0301479726002835"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["S0301479726002835"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-4797"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4797","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Performance evaluation and numerical modeling of permeable reactive barrier for removal of antibiotic resistance genes from groundwater","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Environmental Management","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128823","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"128823"}}