{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T02:58:26Z","timestamp":1790823506400,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024YFF1307600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFF1307600"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Environmental Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T13:24:07Z","timestamp":1789565047000},"page":"130934","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Environmental impacts of global industrial and smallholder oil palm plantations: historical dynamics and future climate risks"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"417","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4892-3870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiyu","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3115-2042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Le","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yidi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9634-8129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenrong","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kasturi","family":"Kanniah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kian Pang","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dailiang","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaoping","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/aa5437","article-title":"An assessment of high carbon stock and high conservation value approaches to sustainable oil palm cultivation in Gabon","volume":"12","author":"Austin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"issue":"339","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1972.10481279","article-title":"Constructing confidence sets using rank statistics","volume":"67","author":"Bauer","year":"1972","journal-title":"J. Am. Stat. Assoc."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/ac22c1","article-title":"Increasing risks of crop failure and water scarcity in global breadbaskets by 2030","volume":"16","author":"Caparas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib4","volume":"vol. 15","author":"Carrere","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms13137","article-title":"Land-use choices follow profitability at the expense of ecological functions in Indonesian smallholder landscapes","volume":"7","author":"Clough","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-021-00867-1","article-title":"A map of the extent and year of detection of oil palm plantations in Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand","volume":"8","author":"Danylo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Data"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/ac018d","article-title":"Independent oil palm smallholder management practices and yields: can RSPO certification make a difference?","volume":"16","author":"De Vos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landusepol.2023.106660","article-title":"Pre-certification conditions of independent oil palm smallholders in Indonesia. Assessing prospects for RSPO certification","volume":"130","author":"De Vos","year":"2023","journal-title":"Land Use Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib9","author":"Descals"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5111","DOI":"10.5194\/essd-16-5111-2024","article-title":"Global mapping of oil palm planting year from 1990 to 2021","volume":"16","author":"Descals","year":"2024","journal-title":"Earth Syst. Sci. Data"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.5194\/essd-13-1211-2021","article-title":"High-resolution global map of smallholder and industrial closed-canopy oil palm plantations","volume":"13","author":"Descals","year":"2021","journal-title":"Earth Syst. Sci. Data"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/abdf88","article-title":"Sustainable but hungry? Food security outcomes of certification for cocoa and oil palm smallholders in Ghana","volume":"16","author":"Dompreh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-022-01260-2","article-title":"A global map of planting years of plantations","volume":"9","author":"Du","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Data"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib14","series-title":"A Global Map of Planting Years of Plantations","author":"Du","year":"2022"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1038\/s43247-025-02683-6","article-title":"Uneven participation of independent and contract smallholders in certified palm oil mill markets in Indonesia","volume":"6","author":"Ekaputri","year":"2025","journal-title":"Commun. Earth Environ."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-022-01941-6","article-title":"Implications of zero-deforestation palm oil for tropical grassy and dry forest biodiversity","volume":"7","author":"Fleiss","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Ecol. Evol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/aa5892","article-title":"Characterizing commercial oil palm expansion in Latin America: land use change and trade","volume":"12","author":"Furumo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/11\/4\/045003","article-title":"Assessing the potential additionality of certification by the round table on responsible soybeans and the roundtable on sustainable palm oil","volume":"11","author":"Garrett","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib20","article-title":"Slowing deforestation in Indonesia follows declining oil palm expansion and lower oil prices","volume":"17","author":"Gaveau","year":"2022"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib21","first-page":"257","article-title":"Overlapping land claims limit the use of satellites to monitor no\u2010deforestation commitments and no\u2010burning compliance","volume":"10","author":"Gaveau","year":"2017"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-021-01417-z","article-title":"Mapping the deforestation footprint of nations reveals growing threat to tropical forests","volume":"5","author":"Hoang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib23","series-title":"Aqueduct 3.0: Updated decision-relevant Global Water Risk Indicators","author":"Hofste","year":"2019"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.5194\/bg-9-1053-2012","article-title":"Subsidence and carbon loss in drained tropical peatlands","volume":"9","author":"Hooijer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biogeosciences"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.22434\/IFAMR2016.0162","article-title":"Costs and benefits of certification of independent oil palm smallholders in Indonesia","volume":"21","author":"Hutabarat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. Food Agribus. Manag. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149425","article-title":"Understanding the impacts on land use through GHG-water-land-biodiversity nexus: the case of oil palm plantations in Thailand","volume":"800","author":"Jaroenkietkajorn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landusepol.2017.08.012","article-title":"Unpacking Indonesia's independent oil palm smallholders: an actor-disaggregated approach to identifying environmental and social performance challenges","volume":"69","author":"Jelsma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Land Use Policy"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6673","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0802471105","article-title":"On the protection of \u201cprotected areas\u201d","volume":"105","author":"Joppa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5127","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1018776108","article-title":"Remotely sensed evidence of tropical peatland conversion to oil palm","volume":"108","author":"Koh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib30","first-page":"25","article-title":"Environmental impacts of large\u2010scale oil palm enterprises exceed that of smallholdings in Indonesia","volume":"7","author":"Lee","year":"2014"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2009.11.018","article-title":"Global protected areas and IUCN designations: do the categories match the conditions?","volume":"143","author":"Leroux","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol. Conserv."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/ab2bda","article-title":"Land rents drive oil palm expansion dynamics in Indonesia","volume":"14","author":"Lim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloenvcha.2018.04.012","article-title":"Palm oil supply chain complexity impedes implementation of corporate no-deforestation commitments","volume":"50","author":"Lyons-White","year":"2018","journal-title":"Glob. Environ. Change"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1038\/nclimate1658","article-title":"El Ni\u00f1o and health risks from landscape fire emissions in southeast Asia","volume":"3","author":"Marlier","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Clim. Change"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1038\/s41477-020-00813-w","article-title":"The environmental impacts of palm oil in context","volume":"6","author":"Meijaard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Plants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib36","series-title":"Oil Palm and Biodiversity","author":"Meijaard","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/ffgc.2019.00022","article-title":"The moral minefield of ethical oil palm and sustainable development","volume":"2","author":"Meijaard","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. For. Glob. Change"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2014.05.001","article-title":"Palm oil-based biofuels and sustainability in southeast Asia: a review of Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand","volume":"37","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landusepol.2022.106258","article-title":"Review of smallholder palm oil sustainability reveals limited positive impacts and identifies key implementation and knowledge gaps","volume":"120","author":"Ogahara","year":"2022","journal-title":"Land Use Policy"},{"issue":"6611","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abm9267","article-title":"Disentangling the numbers behind agriculture-driven tropical deforestation","volume":"377","author":"Pendrill","year":"2022","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloenvcha.2016.06.007","article-title":"What are the limits to oil palm expansion?","volume":"40","author":"Pirker","year":"2016","journal-title":"Glob. Environ. Change, Hum. Pol. Dimens."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib43","series-title":"Globbiomass - Global Datasets of Forest Biomass","author":"Santoro","year":"2018"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/2047-2382-3-4","article-title":"Systematic review of effects on biodiversity from oil palm production","volume":"3","author":"Savilaakso","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Evid."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-77458-4","article-title":"Trends in global dependency on the Indonesian palm oil and resultant environmental impacts","volume":"10","author":"Shigetomi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloenvcha.2020.102158","article-title":"Water, energy and land insecurity in global supply chains","volume":"67","author":"Taherzadeh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Glob. Environ. Change"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landusepol.2020.105187","article-title":"How much land is available for sustainable palm oil?","volume":"102","author":"Tapia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Land Use Policy"},{"issue":"7656","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1038\/nature22900","article-title":"Future threats to biodiversity and pathways to their prevention","volume":"546","author":"Tilman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abe1603","article-title":"Long-term (1990\u20132019) monitoring of forest cover changes in the humid tropics","volume":"7","author":"Vancutsem","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.worlddev.2021.105565","article-title":"Challenges faced by smallholders in achieving sustainable palm oil certification in Indonesia","volume":"146","author":"Watts","year":"2021","journal-title":"World Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib52","series-title":"Forests Food Systems and Livelihoods, Trends, Forecasts and Solutions to Reframe Approaches to Protecting Forests","year":"2021"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.13516","article-title":"Denial of long-term issues with agriculture on tropical peatlands will have devastating consequences","volume":"23","author":"Wijedasa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Glob. Change Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eja.2016.11.002","article-title":"Yield gaps in oil palm: a quantitative review of contributing factors","volume":"83","author":"Woittiez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Agron."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/abce83","article-title":"Biophysical and socioeconomic drivers of oil palm expansion in Indonesia","volume":"16","author":"Xin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.catena.2017.09.010","article-title":"PEATMAP: refining estimates of global peatland distribution based on a meta-analysis","volume":"160","author":"Xu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Catena"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1038\/s41893-022-00872-1","article-title":"Recent expansion of oil palm plantations into carbon-rich forests","volume":"5","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Sustain."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.5194\/essd-12-847-2020","article-title":"Annual oil palm plantation maps in Malaysia and Indonesia from 2001 to 2016","volume":"12","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Earth Syst. Sci. Data"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1080\/2150704X.2022.2063701","article-title":"A study of the serious conflicts between oil palm expansion and biodiversity conservation using high-resolution remote sensing","volume":"14","author":"Yu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Remote Sensing Letters"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1080\/15481603.2022.2096184","article-title":"FROM-GLC Plus: toward near real-time and multi-resolution land cover mapping","volume":"59","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"GIScience Remote Sens."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib61","author":"Zabel"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0107522","article-title":"Global agricultural land resources\u2013a high resolution suitability evaluation and its perspectives until 2100 under climate change conditions","volume":"9","author":"Zabel","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/ac4dc6","article-title":"Spatial patterns and drivers of smallholder oil palm expansion within peat swamp forests of Riau, Indonesia","volume":"17","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib64","first-page":"1","article-title":"The expansion and remaining suitable areas of global oil palm plantations","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Glob. Sustain."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forpol.2022.102817","article-title":"Potential impacts of the proposed EU regulation on deforestation-free supply chains on smallholders, indigenous peoples, and local communities in producer countries outside the EU","volume":"143","author":"Zhunusova","year":"2022","journal-title":"For. Pol. Econ."}],"container-title":["Journal of Environmental Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0301479726023947?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0301479726023947?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T02:37:36Z","timestamp":1790822256000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0301479726023947"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":62,"alternative-id":["S0301479726023947"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-4797"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4797","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Environmental impacts of global industrial and smallholder oil palm plantations: historical dynamics and future climate risks","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Environmental Management","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.130934","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"130934"}}