{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T04:17:29Z","timestamp":1791001049491,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,1]],"date-time":"2008-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1209600000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,5]],"date-time":"2008-03-05T14:11:51Z","timestamp":1204726311000},"page":"478-482","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":85,"title":["Pharmacological basis for use of Pistacia integerrima leaves in hyperuricemia and gout"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Naseem Saud","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Farman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muzammil Hasan","family":"Najmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kouser Bashir","family":"Mian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aurangzeb","family":"Hasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Activity of polyphenolic plant extracts as scavengers of free radicals and inhibitors of xanthine oxidase","volume":"2","author":"Ahmad","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib2","series-title":"Proceedings of 7th International and 27th National Conference on Homeopathy & Complimentary Medicine","first-page":"41","article-title":"Hypouricemic effect of polyphenols from Pistacia integerrima galls in mice","author":"Ahmad","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib3","first-page":"215","article-title":"Three new tetracyclic triterpenoids from galls of Pistacia integerrima Stew.","volume":"48","author":"Ansari","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pharmazie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib4","first-page":"356","article-title":"New tetracyclic triterpenoids from Pistacia integerrima galls","volume":"49","author":"Ansari","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pharmazie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib5","first-page":"103","article-title":"Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of tetracyclic triterpenoids isolated from Pistacia integerrima galls","volume":"67","author":"Ansari","year":"1996","journal-title":"Fitoterapia (Milano)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S89","DOI":"10.1080\/10715769900301371","article-title":"Methods to measure the antioxidant activity in plant material. A comparative discussion","volume":"31","author":"Arnao","year":"1999","journal-title":"Free Radical Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4505","DOI":"10.1021\/jf970373s","article-title":"Uses and properties of citrus flavonoids","volume":"45","author":"Benavente-Gracia","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib8","first-page":"521","article-title":"Xanthine oxidase","volume":"vol. 1","author":"Bergmeyer","year":"1974"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867023371229","article-title":"Progress towards the discovery of xanthine oxidase inhibitors","volume":"9","author":"Borges","year":"2002","journal-title":"Current Medicinal Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(03)00043-6","article-title":"Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of flavonol glycosides from different Aconitum species","volume":"86","author":"Braca","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(03)00112-0","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of antioxidant phenolic compounds from the aerial parts of Hypericum hyssopifolium L. by activity-guided fractionation","volume":"87","author":"Cakir","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib12","first-page":"501","article-title":"Inhibitory effects of phenolics on xanthine oxidase","volume":"14","author":"Chang","year":"1994","journal-title":"Anticancer Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1078\/094471103322331520","article-title":"Study on the inhibitory effects of Korean medicinal plants and their main compounds on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical","volume":"10","author":"Cho","year":"2003","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib14","series-title":"Indigenous Drugs of India","author":"Chopra","year":"1982"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1211\/0022357011775893","article-title":"Radical scavenging and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of phenolic compounds from Bridelia ferruginea stem bark","volume":"53","author":"Cimanga","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1021\/np970237h","article-title":"Structure- Activity relationship and classification of flavonoids as inhibitors of xanthine oxidase and superoxide scavengers","volume":"61","author":"Cos","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Natural Products"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-961481","article-title":"Activity of polyphenolic crude extracts as scavengers of superoxide radicals and inhibitors of xanthine oxidase","volume":"58","author":"Costantino","year":"1992","journal-title":"Planta Medica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0367-326X(02)00306-4","article-title":"Investigation of the free radical scavenging activity of Ginkgo biloba L. leaves","volume":"74","author":"Ellnain-Wojtaszek","year":"2003","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib19","unstructured":"Farman, M., 2005. Contribution to the study of flavonoids from two species of Pistacia (anacardiaceae). A doctoral thesis, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(95)02056-X","article-title":"Allopurinol, an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase, reduces uric acid levels and modifies the signs associated with copper deficiency in rats fed fructose","volume":"20","author":"Fields","year":"1996","journal-title":"Free Radical Biology and Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1248\/cpb.38.1224","article-title":"Effects of interaction of tannins with co-existing substances. Inhibitory effects of tannins and related polyphenols on xanthine oxidase","volume":"38","author":"Hatano","year":"1990","journal-title":"Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-894X(01)00093-2","article-title":"Synthesis and structure\u2013activity relationships of 1-phenylpyrazoles as xanthine oxidase inhibitors","volume":"11","author":"Ishibuchi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-20262","article-title":"Aesculin possesses potent hypouricemic action in rodents but is devoid of xanthine oxidase dehydrogenase inhibitory activity","volume":"68","author":"Kong","year":"2002","journal-title":"Planta Medica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib24","series-title":"WHO Symposium","article-title":"Identification of strategies to improve research on medicinal plants used in Sri Lanka","author":"Kumara","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1975","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.191.11.1975","article-title":"Metabolic depletion of ATP by fructose inversely controls CD95- and tumor necrosis factor receptor 1-mediated hepatic apoptosis","volume":"191","author":"Latta","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7292","DOI":"10.1021\/jf0344385","article-title":"Cocoa has more phenolic phytochemicals and a higher antioxidant capacity than teas and red wine","volume":"51","author":"Lee","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.2174\/138620730101220118151526","article-title":"Evaluation of the antioxidant potential of natural products","volume":"1","author":"Lee","year":"1998","journal-title":"Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.2174\/1568011023353714","article-title":"Flavonoids as anticancer agents: structure activity relationship study current medicinal chemistry","volume":"2","author":"Lopez-Lazaro","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anti-cancer Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-0896(00)00215-7","article-title":"Antioxidant constituents from Rhubarb: structural requirements of stilbenes for the activity and structures of two new anthraquinone glucosides","volume":"9","author":"Matsuda","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bioorganic Medical Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpneph0019","article-title":"Hypothesis: fructose-induced hyperuricemia as a causal mechanism for the epidemic of the metabolic syndrome","volume":"1","author":"Nakagawa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature Clinical Practice Nephrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib31","series-title":"Tietz Text Book of Clinical Chemistry","first-page":"1204","article-title":"Renal functions and nitrogen metabolite","author":"Newman","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(99)00135-X","article-title":"Folk use of medicinal herbs of Margalla Hills National Park, Islamabad","volume":"69","author":"Shinwari","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1080\/10715760600930014","article-title":"The potential pitfalls of using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl to characterize antioxidants in mixed water solvents","volume":"41","author":"Stasko","year":"2007","journal-title":"Free Radical Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2006.08.020","article-title":"Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of some Indian medicinal plants","volume":"109","author":"Umamaheswari","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.12.028","article-title":"Cancer chemopreventive properties of orally bioavailable flavonoids-methylated versus unmethylated flavones","volume":"73","author":"Walle","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochemical Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.2116\/analsci.17.599","article-title":"Estimation of the antioxidant activities of flavonoids from their oxidation potentials","volume":"17","author":"Yang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Analytical Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib37","first-page":"69","article-title":"Febuxostat: a novel non-purine selective inhibitor of xanthine oxidase for the treatment of hyperuricemia in gout. Recent patents of inflammation & drug allergy","volume":"1","author":"Yu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Drug Discovery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2004.03.037","article-title":"Effects of Biota orientalis extract and its flavonoid constituents, quercetin and rutin on uric acid levels in oxonate-induced mice and xanthine dehydrogenase and xanthine oxidase activities in mouse liver","volume":"93","author":"Zhu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874108001153?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874108001153?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]],"date-time":"2024-02-23T01:22:23Z","timestamp":1708651343000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378874108001153"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,5]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0378874108001153"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2008.02.031","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-8741"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-8741","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,5]]}}}