{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T08:50:45Z","timestamp":1787734245810,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,1]],"date-time":"2012-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1335830400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NRF"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004695","name":"UKZN","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004695","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,7]],"date-time":"2012-02-07T13:18:20Z","timestamp":1328620700000},"page":"61-71","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":85,"title":["Ethnopharmacological study of plants from Pondoland used against diarrhoea"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"141","author":[{"given":"B.","family":"Madikizela","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.R.","family":"Ndhlala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.F.","family":"Finnie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Van Staden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/S0731-7085(98)00222-2","article-title":"Separation of a triterpenoid saponin mixture from Maesa lanceolata: semipreparative reversed-phase wide pore high performance liquid chromatography with temperature control","volume":"18","author":"Apers","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1961","DOI":"10.3923\/pjbs.2008.1961.1963","article-title":"Ethnobotanical study of plants used for the treatment of diarrhoea in the Eastern Cape, South Africa","volume":"11","author":"Appidi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2006.09.009","article-title":"In vivo antigiardial activity of three flavonoids isolated of some medicinal plants used in Mexican traditional medicine for the treatment of diarrhea","volume":"109","author":"Barbosa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.5897\/AJB09.1475","article-title":"A survey of indigenous herbal diarrhoeal remedies of O.R. Tambo district, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa","volume":"9","author":"Bisi-Johnson","year":"2010","journal-title":"African Journal of Biotechnology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1021\/jm0613166","article-title":"Structural and functional basis of cyclooxygenase inhibition","volume":"50","author":"Blobaum","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Medicinal Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1006\/phrs.2000.0784","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory drugs: new multitarget compounds to face an old problem. The dual inhibition concept","volume":"43","author":"Celloti","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pharmacological Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2010.05.004","article-title":"Medicinal plants used for the treatment of diarrhoea in northern Maputaland, KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa","volume":"130","author":"De Wet","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-957563","article-title":"A sensitive and quick microplate method to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration of plant extracts for bacteria","volume":"64","author":"Eloff","year":"1998","journal-title":"Planta Medica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(97)00128-1","article-title":"Antibacterial activity of East African medicinal plants","volume":"60","author":"Fabry","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2008.11.002","article-title":"Antimicrobial activity and mutagenic effects of twelve traditional medicinal plants used to treat ailments related to the gastro-intestinal tract in South Africa","volume":"75","author":"Fawole","year":"2009","journal-title":"South African Journal of Botany"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2004.05.012","article-title":"Assessing African medicinal plants for efficacy and safety: pharmacological screening and toxicology","volume":"94","author":"Fennell","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2010.02.018","article-title":"Rapid quantification of 14 saponins of Maesa lanceolata by UPLC\u2013MS\/MS","volume":"81","author":"Foubert","year":"2010","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1007\/s11101-005-2494-9","article-title":"Plants as a source of bacterial resistance modulators and anti-infective agents","volume":"4","author":"Gibbons","year":"2005","journal-title":"Phytochemical Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0070","series-title":"Zulu Medicinal Plants. An Inventory","author":"Hutchings","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-8741(96)01395-5","article-title":"Screening of Zulu medicinal plants for prostaglandins-synthesis inhibitors","volume":"52","author":"J\u00e4ger","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1759-5436.1997.mp28004006.x","article-title":"Communities, entitlements and nature reserves the case of the wild coast, South Africa","volume":"28","author":"Kepe","year":"1997","journal-title":"IDS Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1080\/03736245.2003.9713795","article-title":"Use, control and value of craftmaterial \u2013 cyperus textilis: perspectives from a Mpondo village, South Africa","volume":"85","author":"Kepe","year":"2003","journal-title":"South African Geographical Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1080\/03736245.2005.9713821","article-title":"Grasslands ablaze: vegetation burning by rural people in Pondoland, South Africa","volume":"87","author":"Kepe","year":"2005","journal-title":"South African Geographical Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2004.11.040","article-title":"SKI306X, an oriental herbal mixture, suppresses gastric leukotriene B4 synthesis without causing mucosal injury and the diclofenac-induced gastric lesions","volume":"77","author":"Kim","year":"2005","journal-title":"Life Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/S1572-5995(00)80015-0","article-title":"Bioactive saponins from plants: an update","volume":"21","author":"Lacaille-Dubois","year":"2000","journal-title":"Studies in Natural Products Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2005.05.028","article-title":"Riding the wave: South Africa's contribution to ethnopharmacological research over the last 25 years","volume":"100","author":"Light","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(01)00353-1","article-title":"Anti-diarrheal evaluation of some medicinal plants used by Zulu traditional healers","volume":"79","author":"Lin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1161(83)90010-9","article-title":"Revised methods for the Salmonella mutagenicity test","volume":"113","author":"Maron","year":"1983","journal-title":"Mutation Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2006.01.029","article-title":"Antibacterial activities of medicinal plants used for the treatment of diarrhea in Limpopo Province, South Africa","volume":"105","author":"Mathabe","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0125","unstructured":"Mbizana a Spatial Development Framework \u2013 Final Draft Document, 2005. Personal communication."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.06.013","article-title":"Ethnovetenary use of southern African plants and scientific evaluation of their medicinal properties","volume":"119","author":"McGaw","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/S0027-5107(00)00064-6","article-title":"The Ames Salmonella\/microsome mutagenicity assay","volume":"455","author":"Mortelmans","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mutation Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2009.02.175","article-title":"Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and genotoxicity activity of Alepidia amatymbica and Alepidia natalensis (Apiaceae)","volume":"75","author":"Mulaudzi","year":"2009","journal-title":"South African Journal of Botany"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1590\/S1517-83822000000400003","article-title":"Antibacterial activity of plant extracts and phytochemicals on antibiotic-resistant bacteria","volume":"31","author":"Nascimento","year":"2000","journal-title":"Brazilian Journal of Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.12.017","article-title":"In vitro pharmacological effects of manufactured herbal concoctions used in KwaZulu-Natal South Africa","volume":"122","author":"Ndhlala","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2010.10.053","article-title":"Plant composition, pharmacological properties and mutagenic evaluation of a commercial Zulu herbal mixture: Imbiza ephuzwato","volume":"133","author":"Ndhlala","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.06.019","article-title":"South African traditional medicinal plant trade \u2013 challenges in regulating quality, safety and efficacy","volume":"119","author":"Street","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2010.11.053","article-title":"An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants in the eastern Himalayan zone of Arunachal Pradesh, India","volume":"134","author":"Tangjang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(01)00205-7","article-title":"COX-1 inhibitory activity in extracts from Eucomis L\u2019Herit. species","volume":"75","author":"Taylor","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0170","series-title":"Medicinal Plants of South Africa","author":"Van Wyk","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2004.03.036","article-title":"Effective medicinal plants against enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7","volume":"94","author":"Voravuthikunchai","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0180","series-title":"Botanical Medicine in Clinical Practice","author":"Watson","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0185","series-title":"Diarrhoea: Why Children are Still Dying and What Can be Done","author":"World Health Organisation","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0190","series-title":"WHO Recommendations on the Management of Diarrhoea and Pneumonia in HIV Infected Infants and Children: Intergrated Management of Children Illnesses (IMCI)","author":"World Health Organisation","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(00)00183-5","article-title":"Cryptocarya species-substitute plants for Ocotea bullata? A pharmacological investigation in terms of cyclooxygenase-1 and -2","volume":"71","author":"Zschocke","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.2989\/10220110609485889","article-title":"Traditional knowledge transfer of activities practised by woman to manage medicinal and food plant gardens","volume":"23","author":"Zobolo","year":"2006","journal-title":"African Journal of Range and Forage Science"}],"container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874112000669?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874112000669?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,26]],"date-time":"2018-11-26T07:28:51Z","timestamp":1543217331000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378874112000669"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0378874112000669"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.053","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-8741"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-8741","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]}}}