{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T01:55:04Z","timestamp":1792461304098,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,1]],"date-time":"2014-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1391212800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,3]],"date-time":"2014-01-03T00:31:46Z","timestamp":1388709106000},"page":"1155-1164","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":94,"title":["Acute and sub-chronic toxicity profile of methanol leaf extract of Gouania longipetala in rats"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"151","author":[{"given":"Maxwell I.","family":"Ezeja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aruh O.","family":"Anaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isaac U.","family":"Asuzu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib1","series-title":"Useful Plants of Ghana","author":"Abbiw","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib2","series-title":"Methods of Enzymatic Analysis","first-page":"673","article-title":"Catalase","author":"Aebi","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/20.4.470","article-title":"Enzymatic determination of total serum cholesterol","volume":"20","author":"Allain","year":"1974","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib4","series-title":"Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques","author":"Bancroft","year":"1977"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib5","series-title":"Hepatology, a Text Book of Liver Diseases","first-page":"962","article-title":"Drug-induced liver disease","author":"Bass","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(82)80040-1","article-title":"Renal function studies in man with advanced renal insufficiency","volume":"11","author":"Bauer","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am. J. Kidney Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib7","series-title":"Methods of Enzymatic Analysis","author":"Bergmenyer","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.3417\/2007075","article-title":"A taxonomic revision of Gouania (Rhamnaceae) in Madagascar and the other Islands of Western Indian ocean","volume":"98","author":"Buerki","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib9","series-title":"The Useful Plants of West Tropical Africa","author":"Burkill","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.1993.tb01258.x","article-title":"Bile duct proliferation, it\u2019s true significance","volume":"23","author":"Burt","year":"1993","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib11","series-title":"Enzymes: In Tietz Fundamentals of Clinical Chemistry","first-page":"352","author":"Burtis","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1159\/000180580","article-title":"Prediction of creatinine from serum clearance from serum creatinine","volume":"16","author":"Cockcroft","year":"1976","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib13","series-title":"Clinical Chemistry and Metabolic Medicine","author":"Crook","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-8520.85743","article-title":"Chronic toxicity study of Butea mosperma (Linn) Kuntze seeds in albino rats","volume":"32","author":"Donga","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ayu"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(90)86135-I","article-title":"Malondiadehyde determination as index of lipid peroxidation","volume":"186","author":"Draper","year":"1990","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib16","first-page":"1300","article-title":"Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Gouania longipetala Hemsl","volume":"3","author":"Ekuadzi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib17","unstructured":"Emily, M., 2007. Toxicity, In: Cutler, J. (Ed.), Encyclopaedia of Earth. Washington, DC."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.01109s169","article-title":"The value of plants used in traditional medicine for drug discovery","volume":"109","author":"Fabricant","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environ. Health Persp. Suppl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib19","first-page":"001","article-title":"Medicinal plants of Aguambu\u2013Bamumbu in Lebialem highlands, South West province of Cameroon","volume":"3","author":"Focho","year":"2009","journal-title":"Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.03.074","article-title":"Pathno-biology of asymptomatic arthrosclerosis leading to symptomatic artherothrombosis","volume":"46","author":"Fuster","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Am. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib21","first-page":"551","article-title":"Determination of serum proteins by means of the biuret reactions","volume":"177","author":"Gornall","year":"1948","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/25.4.560","article-title":"Effect of reagent pH on determination of high density lipoprotein cholesterol by precipitation with sodium phosphotungstate-magnesium","volume":"25","author":"Grove","year":"1979","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib23","series-title":"Reproductive and Breeding Techniques for Laboratory Animals","author":"Hafez","year":"1970"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2003.11.009","article-title":"Acute toxicity and chronic toxicological studies of Ajugaiva in experimental animal","volume":"91","author":"Jaoud","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib25","first-page":"82","article-title":"Vereinfachte photometrische methoden zur bestmmung des blutbiluribins","volume":"297","author":"Jendrassik","year":"1938","journal-title":"Biochen Z."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.7.4.322","article-title":"Alkaline phosphatase determination","volume":"7","author":"Kind","year":"1972","journal-title":"Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01234480","article-title":"A new approach to practical acute toxicity","volume":"53","author":"Lorke","year":"1983","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib28","first-page":"57","article-title":"Effects of Artemisia sieberi besser (A. haba-alba) on heart rate and some hematological values in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats","volume":"4","author":"Mansi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Basic Appl. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1038\/414821a","article-title":"New drug targets for Type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome: a review","volume":"414","author":"Moller","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2007.02.011","article-title":"Acute and chronic toxicity of aqueous extract of Artemisia afra in rodents","volume":"112","author":"Mukinda","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2010.01.022","article-title":"Acute and sub-chronic oral toxicity profile of the aqueous extract of Pohygala fruticosa in female mice and rats","volume":"128","author":"Mukinda","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib32","unstructured":"OECD., 1998. Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development\u2019s Repeated Dose 90 Day Oral (Sub-chronic) Toxicity Studies in Rodents. Test Guidelines No. 408."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.11.021","article-title":"The current state of serum biomarker of hepatoxicity","volume":"245","author":"Ozer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Toxicity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6882","DOI":"10.1021\/jf020540a","article-title":"Comparison between the free radical scavenging activity and antioxidant activity of six distilled and non distilled Mediterranean herbs and aromatic plants","volume":"50","author":"Pajero","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2010.06.017","article-title":"28 days repeated oral dose toxicity test of aqueous extracts of Mahwangyounpae teng, a pohyherbal formula","volume":"48","author":"Park","year":"2010","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxic."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cll.2010.10.004","article-title":"Preclinical safety assessment. Current gaps, challenges and approaches in identifying translatable biomarkers of drug- induced liver damage","volume":"31","author":"Ramaiah","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Lab. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/28.1.56","article-title":"Method of alanine and aspartate amino transferase determination","volume":"28","author":"Reitman","year":"1957","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib38","first-page":"57","article-title":"Ginger: it\u2018s role in xenobiotic metabolism","volume":"33","author":"Shri","year":"2003","journal-title":"ICMR Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib39","first-page":"729","article-title":"Acute and sub-chronic toxicity study of the water extract from Tiliacora trianora (Colebr.) Diels in rats","volume":"30","author":"Sireatawong","year":"2008","journal-title":"Songklankarin J. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib40","first-page":"205","article-title":"Silymarin increases antioxidant enzymes in alloxan-induced diabetes in rat pancreas","volume":"136","author":"Soto","year":"2003","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.4103\/0253-7613.19855","article-title":"Effect of Unani formulation on lipid profile in rat","volume":"38","author":"Tajudin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Indian J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib42","first-page":"127","article-title":"Acute and sub-chronic toxicity of Aspilia Africana leaves","volume":"4","author":"Taziebou","year":"2008","journal-title":"Afr. J. Trad. CAM"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-007-0118-7","article-title":"Liver function test and their interpretation","volume":"74","author":"Thapa","year":"2007","journal-title":"India J. Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib44","series-title":"Philadephia, USA","first-page":"554","article-title":"Clinical Guide to Laboratory Test","author":"Tietz","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib45","series-title":"Animal Case and Use in Drug Fate and Metabolism. Methods and Techniques","author":"Ward","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib46","series-title":"National Policy on Traditional Medicine and Regulation of Herbal Medicines. Report of WHO Global Survey","first-page":"168","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib47","series-title":"Selection, Preparation and Pharmacological Evaluation of Plant Materials","author":"Williamson","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/27.12.2008","article-title":"Estimation of very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol from data on triglyceride concentration in plasma","volume":"27","author":"Wilson","year":"1981","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3078","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(91)78493-2","article-title":"Effect of copper status on neutrophil function, superoxide dismutase and copper distribution in steers","volume":"74","author":"Xin","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Diary Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.839","article-title":"Protective effects of plants formula in ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats","volume":"16","author":"Zhu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pytother. Res."}],"container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874113009161?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874113009161?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,13]],"date-time":"2020-08-13T03:48:06Z","timestamp":1597290486000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378874113009161"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0378874113009161"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-8741"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-8741","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Acute and sub-chronic toxicity profile of methanol leaf extract of Gouania longipetala in rats","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.034","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}