{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T19:53:13Z","timestamp":1789674793342,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,1]],"date-time":"2014-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1393632000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,30]],"date-time":"2014-01-30T17:06:36Z","timestamp":1391101596000},"page":"349-357","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Pharmacological characterization of different fractions of Calotropis procera (Asclepiadaceae) in streptozotocin induced experimental model of diabetic neuropathy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"152","author":[{"given":"Sandeep Kumar","family":"Yadav","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Badri Prakash","family":"Nagori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prashant Kumar","family":"Desai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R800059-JLR200","article-title":"Diabetes and atherosclerosis: is there a role for hyperglycemia?","volume":"50","author":"Alan","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib2","first-page":"175","article-title":"Norditerpenic ester and pentacyclic triterpenoids from root bark of Calotropis procera (Ait) R.Br","volume":"56","author":"Ansari","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pharmazie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib3","series-title":"Phytochemistry of Plants Used in Traditional Medicine","first-page":"249","article-title":"Structure and biological activity of sesquiterpene and diterpene derivatives from medicinal plants","author":"Aquino","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1038\/414813a","article-title":"Biochemistry and molecular cell biology of diabetic complications","volume":"414","author":"Brownlee","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00400632","article-title":"Excessive glucose production, rather than insulin resistance, account for hyperglycemia in recent onset streptozocin-diabetic rats","volume":"385","author":"Burcelin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0701538","article-title":"Spinal pharmacology of tactile allodynia in diabetic rats","volume":"122","author":"Calcutt","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.07.035","article-title":"Antidiabetic effect of total flavonoids from Sanguis draxonis in type 2 diabetic rats","volume":"149","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2010.11.038","article-title":"Hypoglycemic evaluation of a new triterpene and other compounds isolated from Euclea undulata Thunb. var. myrtina (Ebenaceae) root bark","volume":"133","author":"Deutschlander","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(00)00272-5","article-title":"Preliminary studies on analgesic activity of latex of Calotropis procera","volume":"73","author":"Dewan","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib9","first-page":"1051","article-title":"Procerain, a stable cysteine protease from the latex of Calotropis procera","volume":"62","author":"Dubey","year":"2003","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.4.817","article-title":"The prevalence by staged severity of various types of diabetic neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy in a population-based cohort: the Rochester Diabetic Neuropathy Study","volume":"43","author":"Dyck","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)03554-2","article-title":"Synthetic analgesics: I. Metha-done isomers and derivatives","volume":"98","author":"Eddy","year":"1950","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.4103\/0250-474X.36947","article-title":"Antihyperglycemic activity of Passiflora mollissima Bailey","volume":"64","author":"Edwin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Indian J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(00)00343-2","article-title":"The interaction between IL-1beta and morphine: possible mechanism of the deficiency of morphine induced analgesia in diabetic mice","volume":"89","author":"Gul","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.npep.2010.02.004","article-title":"Changes in the gene expression of specific G-protein subunits correlate with morphine insensitivity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats","volume":"44","author":"Hajializadeh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropeptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8529(05)70327-3","article-title":"Diabetes and the nervous system","volume":"25","author":"Harati","year":"1996","journal-title":"Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2624","DOI":"10.3923\/pjbs.2006.2624.2629","article-title":"Evaluation of antifungal activity and phytochemical analysis of leaves, roots and stem barks extracts of Calotropis procera (Asclepiadaceae)","volume":"9","author":"Hassan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pak. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2008.02.051","article-title":"The impact of bodyweight and body condition on behavioral testing for painful diabetic neuropathy in the streptozotocin rat model","volume":"436","author":"Hoybergs","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1686","DOI":"10.2337\/db06-0067","article-title":"Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition alleviates experimental diabetic sensory neuropathy","volume":"55","author":"Ilnytska","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8227(99)00137-0","article-title":"Serum levels of carboxy-terminal propeptide of human type I procollagen are an indicator for the progression of diabetic nephropathy in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"48","author":"Inukai","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0367-326X(02)00005-9","article-title":"Preliminary study on antifertility activity of Calotropis procera roots in female rats","volume":"73","author":"Kamath","year":"2002","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genm.2010.11.001","article-title":"Earlier development of diabetic neuropathy in men than in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"7","author":"Kamenov","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gender Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2012.01.010","article-title":"Neuroprotective effect of naringin by modulation of endogenous biomarkers in streptozotocin induced painful diabetic neuropathy","volume":"83","author":"Kandhare","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(96)03068-0","article-title":"Endotoxin induced local inflammation and hyperalgesia in rats mince, a new model for inflammatory pain","volume":"66","author":"Kannan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib24","series-title":"Indian Medical Plants","first-page":"1606","volume":"vol. 3","author":"Kirtikar","year":"1935"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib25","series-title":"Pharmacognosy","first-page":"133","author":"Kokate","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib26","first-page":"373","article-title":"Medicinal uses and pharmacological properties of Calotropis procera","volume":"11","author":"Kumar","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-8741(94)90078-7","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory activity of latex of Calotropis procera","volume":"44","author":"Kumar","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47523","DOI":"10.1155\/2007\/47523","article-title":"Calotropis procera latex extract affords protection against inflammation and oxidative stress in Freund\u05f3s complete adjuvant-induced monoarthritis in rats","volume":"2007","author":"Kumar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib29","first-page":"1","article-title":"Overview of drug product development","volume":"7","author":"Lee","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr. Protoc. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib30","series-title":"Manual of Histological Screening Methods of Armed Forces Institute of Pathology","author":"Luna","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-8741(88)90129-8","article-title":"Ethnopharmacology of Calotropis procera","volume":"22","author":"Mascolo","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2011.12.025","article-title":"Antidiabetic effect of total saponins from Entada phaseoloides (L.) Merr. in type 2 diabetic rats","volume":"139","author":"Mei","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib33","first-page":"56","article-title":"Neural mechanisms of hyperalgesia after tissue injury","volume":"26","author":"Meyer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Johns Hopkins Apl Tech. Digest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(77)90135-X","article-title":"Noxious thermal input from the rat tail: modulation by descending inhibitory influences","volume":"4","author":"Necker","year":"1978","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/S0944-7113(98)80060-3","article-title":"Antidiabetic effect of compounds isolated from plants","volume":"5","author":"Perez","year":"1998","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.625","article-title":"Diabetic neuropathy and oxidative stress","volume":"22","author":"Pop-Busui","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib37","first-page":"304","article-title":"Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of flowers of Calotropis procera (Ait) R.Br. in CCl4 induced hepatic damage","volume":"45","author":"Qureshi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Indian J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib38","first-page":"209","article-title":"A method for measurement of analgesic activity of inflamed tissue","volume":"111","author":"Randall","year":"1957","journal-title":"Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib39","series-title":"Compendium of Indian Medicinal Plants","first-page":"71","volume":"vol. 1","author":"Rastogi","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2008.02.012","article-title":"Changes in the diabetic retinopathy epidemiology after 14 years in a population of Type 1 and 2 diabetic patients after the new diabetes mellitus diagnosis criteria and a more strict control of the patients","volume":"23","author":"Romero-Aroca","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Complications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2005.06.026","article-title":"Antioxidant and protective effect of latex of Calotropis procera against alloxan-induced diabetes in rats","volume":"102","author":"Roy","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2009.02.017","article-title":"Antidiabetic effect of Ficus bengalensis aerial roots in experimental animals","volume":"123","author":"Singh","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib43","series-title":"Scientific","first-page":"65","article-title":"Ethnobotany of Rajasthan","author":"Singh","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2011.03.023","article-title":"Pongamol from Pongamiapinnata stimulates glucose uptake by increasing surface GLUT4 level in skeletal muscle","volume":"339","author":"Tamrakar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2279","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612054367300","article-title":"Diabetic vascular complications: pathophysiology, biochemical basis and potential therapeutic strategy","volume":"11","author":"Yamagishi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."}],"container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S037887411400066X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S037887411400066X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T18:22:37Z","timestamp":1746123757000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S037887411400066X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S037887411400066X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-8741"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-8741","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pharmacological characterization of different fractions of Calotropis procera (Asclepiadaceae) in streptozotocin induced experimental model of diabetic neuropathy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.020","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}