{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T22:31:16Z","timestamp":1781821876788,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,25]],"date-time":"2014-03-25T18:01:50Z","timestamp":1395770510000},"page":"339-350","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Polarity of extracts and fractions of four Combretum (Combretaceae) species used to treat infections and gastrointestinal disorders in southern African traditional medicine has a major effect on different relevant in vitro activities"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"154","author":[{"given":"Aroke S.","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lyndy J.","family":"McGaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esameldin E.","family":"Elgorashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinasan","family":"Naidoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacobus N.","family":"Eloff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2008.11.005","article-title":"Total phenolic contents and free radical scavenging activity of certain Egyptian Ficus species leaf samples","volume":"114","author":"Abdel-Hameed","year":"2009","journal-title":"Food Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2011.10.004","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of antioxidant compounds from Combretum apiculatum (Sond.) subsp. apiculatum leaf extracts","volume":"79","author":"Aderogba","year":"2011","journal-title":"South African Journal of Botany"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7915","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.17.7915","article-title":"Oxidants, antioxidants and the degenerative diseases of aging","volume":"90","author":"Ames","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proceedings of Natural Academy Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.4172\/2155-6113.1000148","article-title":"The isolation rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa opportunistic pathogen and their antimicrobial responses in HIV-1 positive and negative diarrhoea patients at north-west part of Ethiopia","volume":"3","author":"Andualem","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of AIDS Clinical Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2006.09.002","article-title":"Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity of four known and one new triterpenoid from Combretum imberbe (Combretaceae)","volume":"110","author":"Angeh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(95)02110-8","article-title":"Characterization of drugs as antioxidant prophylactics","volume":"20","author":"Aruoma","year":"1996","journal-title":"Free Radical Biology and Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2004.02.027","article-title":"Screening of selected indigenous plants of Lebanon for antimicrobial activity","volume":"93","author":"Barbour","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib8","series-title":"E. coli: A Practical Approach to the Organism and its Control in Foods","author":"Bell","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2007.01.019","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of Fe (III) reducing power-based antioxidant capacity assays in the presence of phenathroline, batho-phenanthtroline, tripyridyltriazine (FRAP) and ferricyanide reagent","volume":"72","author":"Berker","year":"2007","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S0023-6438(95)80008-5","article-title":"Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity","volume":"28","author":"Brand-Williams","year":"1995","journal-title":"Lebensmittel Wissenschaftund Technologie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1053\/j.spid.2006.06.006","article-title":"Enterococcal Infection in Children","volume":"17","author":"Butler","year":"2006","journal-title":"Seminar Pediatric Infection Diseases"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemphyslip.2008.09.004","article-title":"Lipid peroxidation of membrane phospholipids generates hydroxy-alkenals and oxidized phospholipids active in physiological and\/or pathological conditions","volume":"157","author":"Catala","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chemistry and Physics of Lipid"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.22358\/jafs\/66739\/2007","article-title":"Effect of iron supplementation on intestinal function and oxidative stress in piglets with induced colitis","volume":"16","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2004.11.015","article-title":"Content of polyphenols in fruit and vegetables","volume":"94","author":"Cieslik","year":"2006","journal-title":"Food Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.4102\/abc.v29i2.601","article-title":"Preliminary list of Xhosa plant names from the Eastern Cape, South Africa","volume":"29","author":"Dold","year":"1999","journal-title":"Bothalia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcs.2006.06.007","article-title":"Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants","volume":"44","author":"Dykes","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Cereal Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-957563","article-title":"A sensitive and quick microplate method to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration of plant extracts for bacteria","volume":"64","author":"Eloff","year":"1998","journal-title":"Planta Medica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib18","first-page":"148","article-title":"The antibacterial activity of 27 southern African members of the Combretaceae","volume":"95","author":"Eloff","year":"1999","journal-title":"South African Journal of Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib19","first-page":"1161","article-title":"Combretum woodii (Combretaceae) leaf extracts have high activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria","volume":"4","author":"Eloff","year":"2005","journal-title":"African Journal of Biotechnology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib20","first-page":"1166","article-title":"Isolation of an antibacterial stilbene from Combretum woodii (Combretaceae) leaves","volume":"4","author":"Eloff","year":"2005","journal-title":"African Journal of Biotechnology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.07.051","article-title":"The biological activity and chemistry of the southern African Combretaceae","volume":"119","author":"Eloff","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib22","series-title":"Traditional Medicinal uses and Biological Activities of some plant Extracts of African Combretum Loefl., Terminalia L. and Pteleopsis Engl. Species (Combretaceae) (Ph.D. thesis)","author":"Fyhrquist","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(95)90772-6","article-title":"Reactive oxygen and nitrogen metabolites as mediators of secretory diarrhoea","volume":"109","author":"Gaginella","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2010.12.043","article-title":"Traditional herbal antimalarial therapy in Kilifi district, Kenya","volume":"134","author":"Gathirwa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib25","series-title":"Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Diseases","first-page":"301","article-title":"Pathology of organ systems: alimentary system","author":"Gelberg","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2011.06.005","article-title":"A revision of the Combretum vendae complex","volume":"78","author":"Hahn","year":"2012","journal-title":"South African Journal of Botany"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2008.01.028","article-title":"Are polyphenol antioxidant or pro-oxidant? What do we learn from cell culture and in vivo studies?","volume":"476","author":"Halliwell","year":"2008","journal-title":"Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1006\/excr.1998.4366","article-title":"Different types of ROS-scavenging enzymes are expressed during cutaneous wound repair","volume":"247","author":"Heike-Steiling","year":"1999","journal-title":"Experimental Cell Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2005.07.057","article-title":"Antiradical activity and polyphenol composition of local Brassicaceae edible varieties","volume":"99","author":"Heimler","year":"2006","journal-title":"Food Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib30","series-title":"Zulu Medicinal Plants: An Inventory","author":"Hutchings","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2868","DOI":"10.5897\/AJB2007.000-2457","article-title":"Inflammation: the foundation of diseases and disorders. A review of phytomedicines of South African origin used to treat pain and inflammatory conditions","volume":"6","author":"Iwalewa","year":"2007","journal-title":"African Journal of Biotechnology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-8741(96)01395-5","article-title":"Screening of Zulu medicinal plants for prostaglandin-synthesis inhibitors","volume":"52","author":"J\u00e4ger","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib33","series-title":"Modern Food Microbiology","author":"Jay","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1598","DOI":"10.1021\/jf00034a013","article-title":"Comparison of the formation of malondialdehyde and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances from autoxidized fatty acids based on oxygen consumption","volume":"41","author":"Kishida","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1093\/jaoac\/88.5.1269","article-title":"Determination of total monomeric anthocyanin pigment content of fruit juices, beverages, natural colourants, and wines by the pH differential method: collaborative study","volume":"88","author":"Lee","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of AOAC International"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2008.03.010","article-title":"Correlation of two anthocyanin quantification methods: HPLC and spectrophotometric method","volume":"110","author":"Lee","year":"2008","journal-title":"Food Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib37","first-page":"159","article-title":"Lipophilic flavonoids from Orthosiphon spicatus as inhibitors of 15-lipoxygenase","volume":"4","author":"Lyckander","year":"1992","journal-title":"Acta Pharmaceutica Nordica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(01)01320-6","article-title":"Oxidative stress and lung inflammation in airways disease","volume":"429","author":"MacNee","year":"2001","journal-title":"European Journal of Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib39","series-title":"Quantification of Tannins in Tree and Foliage \u2013 A Laboratory Manual","author":"Makkar","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.05.033","article-title":"Screening of some Tanzanian medicinal plants from Bunda district for antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activities","volume":"119","author":"Maregesi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/S0254-6299(15)30251-9","article-title":"Seven flavonoids with antibacterial activity isolated from Combretum erythrophyllum","volume":"70","author":"Martini","year":"2004","journal-title":"South African Journal of Botany"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2004.02.030","article-title":"Biological activity of five antibacterial flavonoids isolated from Combretum erythrophyllum (Combretaceae)","volume":"93","author":"Martini","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib43","first-page":"1625","article-title":"Bioautography indicates the multiplicity of antifungal compounds from twenty-four southern African Combretum species (Combretaceae)","volume":"5","author":"Masoko","year":"2006","journal-title":"African Journal of Biotechnology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2005.01.061","article-title":"Antifungal activities of six South African Terminalia species (Combretaceae)","volume":"99","author":"Masoko","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(00)00405-0","article-title":"An investigation on the biological activity of Combretum species","volume":"75","author":"McGaw","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2005.09.004","article-title":"in vitro anthelminthic, antibacterial and cytotoxic effects of extracts from plants used in South African ethnoveterinary medicine","volume":"173","author":"McGaw","year":"2007","journal-title":"The Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(83)90303-4","article-title":"Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assay","volume":"65","author":"Mosmann","year":"1983","journal-title":"Journal of Immunological Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2004.08.059","article-title":"Extraction and analysis of phenolics in food","volume":"1054","author":"Naczk","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.02.013","article-title":"The value of plant extracts with antioxidant activity in attenuating coccidiosis in broiler chickens","volume":"153","author":"Naidoo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2010.01.033","article-title":"Antimalarial herbal remedies of Msambweni, Kenya","volume":"128","author":"Nguta","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04332","article-title":"Genomic sequence of the pathogenic and allergenic filamentous fungus Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"438","author":"Nierman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-1981(00)00119-0","article-title":"Phospholipase A2 and lipid peroxidation","volume":"1488","author":"Nigam","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochimie and Biophysics Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1021\/np970343j","article-title":"Development of a radiochemical cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 in vitro assay for identification of natural products as inhibitors of prostaglandin biosynthesis","volume":"61","author":"Noreen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Natural Products"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1139\/v88-071","article-title":"Cell growth inhibitory dihydrophenanthrene and phenanthrene constituents of the African tree Combretum caffrum","volume":"66","author":"Pettit","year":"1988","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-4565.1984.tb00479.x","article-title":"The antimicrobial activity of phenolic antioxidant in foods: a review","volume":"6","author":"Raccach","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of Food Safety"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(98)00315-3","article-title":"Antioxidant activity applying improved ABTS radical cation decolourization assay","volume":"26","author":"Re","year":"1999","journal-title":"Free Radical Biology and Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2005.01.065","article-title":"Are we giving too much iron? Low-dose iron therapy is effective in octogenarians","volume":"118","author":"Rimon","year":"2005","journal-title":"American Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2004.01.021","article-title":"Screening of plants used in South Africa for epilepsy and convulsions in the GABAA-benzodiazepine receptor assay","volume":"93","author":"Risa","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.10.004","article-title":"Occurrence of foodborne pathogens and characterization of Staphylococcus aureus in cheese produced on farm-dairies","volume":"14","author":"Rosengren","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Food Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-8401(01)00228-0","article-title":"Analysis of condensed tannins: a review","volume":"91","author":"Schofield","year":"2001","journal-title":"Animal Feed Science and Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2008.04.003","article-title":"Antifungal and antibacterial activity of seven traditionally used South African plant species against C. albicans","volume":"74","author":"Shai","year":"2008","journal-title":"South African Journal of Botany"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2006.08.027","article-title":"Phenolic and antimicrobial activity of traditional stoned table olives \u201calcaparra\u201d","volume":"14","author":"Sousa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2009.07.001","article-title":"Evaluation of several tree species for activity against the animal fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"76","author":"Suleiman","year":"2010","journal-title":"South African Journal of Botany"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib64","unstructured":"United Nations Programme on HIV\/AIDS (UNAIDS), 2008. Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic. Geneva."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2006.07.001","article-title":"Free radical and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human diseases","volume":"39","author":"Valko","year":"2007","journal-title":"The International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.2174\/1568013013359168","article-title":"Nutritional antioxidants mechanisms of action, analyses of activities and medical applications","volume":"1","author":"Vaya","year":"2001","journal-title":"Current Medicinal Chemistry-Immunology Endocrine Metabolic Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-011-9513-8","article-title":"Capsular material of Cryptococcus neoformans: virulence and much more","volume":"173","author":"Vecchiarelli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib68","series-title":"Phenolic Compounds Biochemistry","first-page":"151","author":"Vermerris","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2007.01.036","article-title":"Content of polyphenolic constituent and antioxidant activity of some stachys taxa","volume":"104","author":"Vundac","year":"2007","journal-title":"Food Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib70","series-title":"The Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of Southern and Eastern Africa","author":"Watt","year":"1962"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paed.2010.10.012","article-title":"Immune deficiency and the lung","volume":"21","author":"Woodsford","year":"2010","journal-title":"Paediatrics and Child Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2007.01.017","article-title":"Trifunctional inhibition of COX-2 by extracts of Lonicera japonica: direct inhibition, transcriptional and post-transcriptional down regulation","volume":"111","author":"Xu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874114002207?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874114002207?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,16]],"date-time":"2020-08-16T20:27:18Z","timestamp":1597609638000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378874114002207"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0378874114002207"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-8741"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-8741","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Polarity of extracts and fractions of four Combretum (Combretaceae) species used to treat infections and gastrointestinal disorders in southern African traditional medicine has a major effect on different relevant in vitro activities","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2014.03.030","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}