{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T22:00:05Z","timestamp":1785708005761,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]],"date-time":"2017-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1501545600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81641138"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81641138"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Project of Jilin Province, China","award":["2016-76"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016-76"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Project of Jilin Province, China","award":["2016-77)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016-77)"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Development Plan of Jilin Province, China","award":["20160307027YY"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20160307027YY"]}]},{"name":"Development and Reform commission project of Jilin Province, China","award":["2017C043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017C043"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Development Plan of Jilin City, China","award":["20156410"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20156410"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,8]],"date-time":"2017-07-08T06:45:24Z","timestamp":1499496324000},"page":"149-156","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Ethyl acetate extract from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer and its main constituents inhibit \u03b1-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced melanogenesis by suppressing oxidative stress in B16 mouse melanoma cells"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"208","author":[{"given":"Rui","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Hao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin-Zhao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying-Fei","family":"Bi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yao","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian-Zeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue-Nan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen-Zhong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Li","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Da-Qing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Wei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9740","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.5b04430","article-title":"Composition of Lutein Ester Regioisomers in Marigold Flower, Dietary Supplement, and Herbal Tea","volume":"63","author":"Abdel-Aal el","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.03.079","article-title":"Effect of a Garcinia gardneriana (Planchon and Triana) Zappi hydroalcoholic extract on melanogenesis in B16F10 melanoma cells","volume":"148","author":"Campos","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136203","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/136203","article-title":"Antioxidant Capacity and Proanthocyanidin Composition of the Bark of Metasequoia glyptostroboides","volume":"2014","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Evid.-Based Complement. Altern. Med.: eCAM."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19186","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms140919186","article-title":"Cinnamomum cassia essential oil inhibits alpha-MSH-induced melanin production and oxidative stress in murine B16 melanoma cells","volume":"14","author":"Chou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2010.01091.x","article-title":"Antioxidative characteristics and inhibition of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-stimulated melanogenesis of vanillin and vanillic acid from Origanum vulgare","volume":"19","author":"Chou","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.1021\/np100281g","article-title":"Inhibition of melanogenesis and oxidation by protocatechuic acid from Origanum vulgare (oregano)","volume":"73","author":"Chou","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2005.01.027","article-title":"Alpha-Melanocyte stimulating hormone, inflammation and human melanoma","volume":"27","author":"Eves","year":"2006","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.552210182","article-title":"Effect of simultaneous administration of vitamin C, L-cysteine and vitamin E on the melanogenesis","volume":"21","author":"Fujiwara","year":"2004","journal-title":"BioFactors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.13326","article-title":"Biochemical effects of the flavanol-rich lychee fruit extract on the melanin biosynthesis and reactive oxygen species","volume":"43","author":"Hagiwara","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3086","DOI":"10.1021\/jf204447y","article-title":"Panax ginseng extract rich in ginsenoside protopanaxatriol attenuates blood pressure elevation in spontaneously hypertensive rats by affecting the Akt-dependent phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase","volume":"60","author":"Hong","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16665","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms150916665","article-title":"Inhibitory effects of adlay extract on melanin production and cellular oxygen stress in B16F10 melanoma cells","volume":"15","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2014.10.006","article-title":"Effect of ginseng and ginsenosides on melanogenesis and their mechanism of action","volume":"39","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Ginseng Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2013.06.031","article-title":"Octaphlorethol A isolated from Ishige foliacea inhibits alpha-MSH-stimulated induced melanogenesis via ERK pathway in B16F10 melanoma cells","volume":"59","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol.: Int. J. Publ. Br. Ind. Biol. Res. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.10.054","article-title":"Eupafolin, a skin whitening flavonoid isolated from Phyla nodiflora, downregulated melanogenesis: role of MAPK and Akt pathways","volume":"151","author":"Ko","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1021\/np50106a021","article-title":"Tyrosinase inhibitors from Anacardium occidentale fruits","volume":"57","author":"Kubo","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.1428","article-title":"Purification and characterization of a superoxide dismutase from Panax ginseng","volume":"24","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biomed. Chromatogr.: Bmc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1698","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms14011698","article-title":"Biofunctional constituents from Liriodendron tulipifera with antioxidants and anti-melanogenic properties","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1573(199908\/09)13:5<371::AID-PTR453>3.0.CO;2-L","article-title":"Tyrosinase inhibitory p-coumaric acid from ginseng leaves","volume":"13","author":"Lim","year":"1999","journal-title":"Phytother. Res.: Ptr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-015-1569-8","article-title":"Ginsenosides and their metabolites: a review of their pharmacological activities in the skin","volume":"307","author":"Lim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05660","article-title":"Melanocyte biology and skin pigmentation","volume":"445","author":"Lin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2012.02.040","article-title":"Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor modulates expression of NADPH oxidase type 4: a negative regulator of melanogenesis","volume":"52","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0749.2001.140303.x","article-title":"Redox regulation in human melanocytes and melanoma","volume":"14","author":"Meyskens","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0749.2006.00358.x","article-title":"Regulation of human skin pigmentation and responses to ultraviolet radiation","volume":"20","author":"Miyamura","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6953","DOI":"10.1021\/jf030388s","article-title":"Tyrosinase inhibitor from black rice bran","volume":"51","author":"Miyazawa","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-011-9609-y","article-title":"Permeation and distribution of ferulic acid and its alpha-cyclodextrin complex from different formulations in hairless rat skin","volume":"12","author":"Monti","year":"2011","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135206","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/135206","article-title":"Free radicals and extrinsic skin aging","volume":"2012","author":"Poljsak","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dermatol. Res. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964731","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/964731","article-title":"Influence of conventional and ultrasonic-assisted extraction on phenolic contents, betacyanin contents, and antioxidant capacity of red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus)","volume":"2014","author":"Ramli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. World J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.5582\/ddt.2015.01004","article-title":"Chemical constituents and bioactivities of Panax ginseng (C. A. Mey.)","volume":"9","author":"Ru","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Discov. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib29","article-title":"Ginseng in Dermatology: a Review","volume":"22","author":"Sabouri-Rad","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-148X.2011.00898.x","article-title":"L-tyrosine and L-dihydroxyphenylalanine as hormone-like regulators of melanocyte functions","volume":"25","author":"Slominski","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2011.03.012","article-title":"Comparison of the antimelanogenic effects of p-coumaric acid and its methyl ester and their skin permeabilities","volume":"63","author":"Song","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.5142\/jgr.2011.35.2.170","article-title":"Korean red ginseng powder in the treatment of melasma: an uncontrolled observational study","volume":"35","author":"Song","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Ginseng Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.5.6.882-887.1998","article-title":"Effects of ginseng treatment on neutrophil chemiluminescence and immunoglobulin G subclasses in a rat model of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia","volume":"5","author":"Song","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2009.01025.x","article-title":"The role of ultraviolet radiation in melanomagenesis","volume":"19","author":"von Thaler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3995","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.040667","article-title":"Melanosomes at a glance","volume":"121","author":"Wasmeier","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1007\/s12272-013-0235-y","article-title":"The effective mechanism of the polysaccharides from Panax ginseng on chronic fatigue syndrome","volume":"37","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch. pharmacal Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-014-0138-3","article-title":"The melanogenesis-inhibitory effect and the percutaneous formulation of ginsenoside Rb1","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.3389","article-title":"Preventive action of Panax ginseng roots in hypercortisolism-induced Impairment of hippocampal neurons in male C57BL\/6N mice","volume":"25","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phytother. Res.: Ptr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-002-0345-8","article-title":"Antimelanogenic activity of hydrocoumarins in cultured normal human melanocytes by stimulating intracellular glutathione synthesis","volume":"294","author":"Yamamura","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2011.03.015","article-title":"Ginseng protects rodent hearts from acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury through GR\/ER-activated RISK pathway in an endothelial NOS-dependent mechanism","volume":"135","author":"Zhou","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874117305147?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874117305147?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,21]],"date-time":"2025-06-21T16:42:15Z","timestamp":1750524135000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378874117305147"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S0378874117305147"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-8741"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-8741","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Ethyl acetate extract from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer and its main constituents inhibit \u03b1-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced melanogenesis by suppressing oxidative stress in B16 mouse melanoma cells","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2017.07.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}