{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T20:19:17Z","timestamp":1792095557952,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]],"date-time":"2018-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533081600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002367","name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002367","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011190","name":"Kunming Institute of Botany","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011190","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,1]],"date-time":"2018-05-01T11:17:37Z","timestamp":1525173457000},"page":"208-216","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Paris in the spring: A review of the trade, conservation and opportunities in the shift from wild harvest to cultivation of Paris polyphylla (Trilliaceae)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"222","author":[{"given":"A.B.","family":"Cunningham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.A.","family":"Brinckmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.-F.","family":"Bi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.-J.","family":"Pei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"U.","family":"Schippmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib1","first-page":"44","article-title":"Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants traded in the streets of Kathmandu valley","volume":"3","author":"Acharya","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sci. World"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib2","first-page":"28","article-title":"Report of the camp workshop in Nepal","volume":"8","author":"Bhattarai","year":"2002","journal-title":"Med. Plant Conserv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib3","unstructured":"Chapagain, S.P., Rai, J.K., Pathak, A., Dahal, K., 2014. Satuwa (Paris polyphylla Smith): Potential for Commercial Cultivation in Nepal., in: Rai, J.K., Chapagain, S.P. (Eds.), Value Chain Analysis of Forest Products in Koshi Hill Districts of Nepal: Challenges and Opportunities for Economic Growth. Kathmandu. ForestAction Nepal and Rural Reconstruction Nepal (RRN), Kathmandu, Nepal, pp. 107\u2013125."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib4","volume":"I","author":"Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib5","unstructured":"Dat Viet, 2014. Vietnam warned to safeguard precious plants. \u3008http:\/\/english.vietnamnet.vn\/fms\/environment\/107131\/vietnam-warned-to-safeguard-precious-plants.html\u3009. (Accessed 8 April 2018)."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2561","DOI":"10.4236\/ajps.2015.616258","article-title":"Studies on vegetative and reproductive ecology of Paris polyphylla Smith: a vulnerable medicinal plant","volume":"6","author":"Deb","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Plant Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-018-0162-4","article-title":"Authenticity analyses of Rhizoma Paridis using barcoding coupled with high resolution melting (Bar-HRM) analysis to control its quality for medicinal plant product","volume":"13","author":"Duan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib8","first-page":"140","article-title":"Estimation on the potential distribution of Paris polyphylla Smith var. yunnanensis predicted by TCM-GIS","volume":"2","author":"Duan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Value Eng. (\u4ef7\u503c\u5de5\u7a0b)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib9","series-title":"Consultation Workshop on Value Chain of NTFP: Practical basis for Selection of Potential NTPFs Value Chain in the Central of Vietnam","author":"Duc","year":"2014"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2745.2006.01169.x","article-title":"Long\u2010term assessment of seed limitation in plants: results from an 11\u2010year experiment","volume":"94","author":"Ehrl\u00e9n","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib11","unstructured":"Gurung, K., Pyakurel, D., 2008. Resource assessment and non-timber forest products (NTFPs) profile of Bajura district, Nepalgunj. Western upland poverty alleviation project (WUPAP), Banke, Nepal."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-981617","article-title":"Genetic diversity of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis, a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, detected by ISSR markers","volume":"73","author":"He","year":"2007","journal-title":"Planta Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib13","first-page":"271","article-title":"Advances in studies on the use of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis (Trilliaceae)","volume":"28","author":"He","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Bot. Yunnanica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib14","series-title":"Medicinal Plants for Forest Conservation and Health Care. Non-wood Forest Products","first-page":"109","article-title":"Utilization and conservation of medicinal plants in China with special reference to Atractylodes lancea","author":"He","year":"1997"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib15","first-page":"173","article-title":"Situation of precious and rare drug species in Thai Nguyen province","volume":"28","author":"Huong","year":"2012","journal-title":"VNU J. Sci. Nat. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1007\/s00442-005-0287-x","article-title":"Sexual reproduction, clonal diversity and genetic differentiation in patchily distributed populations of the temperate forest herb Paris quadrifolia (Trilliaceae)","volume":"147","author":"Jacquemyn","year":"2006","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2745.2008.01397.x","article-title":"Biological flora of the British Isles:Paris quadrifoliaL","volume":"96","author":"Jacquemyn","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib18","unstructured":"Jadibuti Association of Nepal, 2015. Announcement: Seeking applicants for participation in International Trade Fairs (2015\u20132016). Jadibuti Association of Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib19","unstructured":"JUCN Nepal, 2000. National Register of Medicinal Plants. IUCN Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1166\/jbn.2009.1056","article-title":"Identification of Nanofibers in the Chinese Herbal Medicine: yunnan Baiyao","volume":"5","author":"Lenaghan","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib21","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib22","first-page":"10","article-title":"Sustainable utilization of traditional Chinese medicine resources: systematic evaluation on different production modes","volume":"2015","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Evid. Based Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib23","first-page":"88","article-title":"PARIS Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 367. 1753","volume":"24","author":"Liang","year":"2000"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023085922265","article-title":"Strategies for agrobiodiversity conservation and promotion: a case from Yunnan, China","volume":"12","author":"Long","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biodivers. Conserv."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4269-10-5","article-title":"Medicinal plants used by the Tamang community in the Makawanpur district of central Nepal","volume":"10","author":"Luitel","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Ethnobiol. Ethnomed."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1739.1991.tb00119.x","article-title":"Assessing extinction threats: toward a reevaluation of IUCN threatened species categories","volume":"5","author":"Mace","year":"1991","journal-title":"Conserv. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib27","first-page":"87","article-title":"Ecological study of Paris polyphylla SM","volume":"17","author":"Madhu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ecoprint: Int. J. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib28","unstructured":"Meijboom, M., 2012. Guidelines for resource assessment and management of Satuwa (Paris polyphylla). Social Forestry and Extension Division, Department of Forests and Park Services, Ministry of Agriculture and Forests, Royal Government of Bhutan, Thimphu, Bhutan."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib29","series-title":"Biodiversity red list in China-higher plants volume (2013)","author":"Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China","year":"2013"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.2174\/1871520614666140611101040","article-title":"Paris polyphylla: chemical and Biological Prospectives","volume":"14","author":"Negi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anticancer Agents Med Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.13057\/biodiv\/d160226","article-title":"Threats and conservation of Paris polyphylla an endangered, highly exploited medicinal plant in the Indian Himalayan Region","volume":"16","author":"Paul","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biodiversitas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib32","unstructured":"Quang Binh Provincial People\u2019s Committee, 2012. Operational Management Plan 2013\u20132020 for Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park. The Nature World Heritage Site. Quang Binh, Social Republic of Vietnam."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib33","unstructured":"Schuman, M., 2017. How one company brought traditional Chinese medicine to the modern world and made billions. Forbes Asia."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib34","first-page":"27","article-title":"Medicinal properties of Paris polyphylla Smith, A review","volume":"6","author":"Shah","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Herbal Med. Toxicol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib35","first-page":"2197","article-title":"Study on the status and utilization of the genus Paris resources in Gaoligong mountains","volume":"19","author":"Shi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lishizhen Med. Mater. Med. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib36","unstructured":"Siladech, P., 2018. Paris polyphylla Smith var. chinensis (Franchet) H.Hara Melanthiaceae. \u3008https:\/\/www.alibaba.com\/product-detail\/Paris-polyphylla-Smith-var-chinensis-Franchet_107169858.html\u3009. (Accessed 8 April 2018)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib37","unstructured":"The Plant List Version 1. 1, 2013. \u3008http:\/\/www.theplantlist.org\/\u3009. (Accessed 8 April 2018)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib38","unstructured":"Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, 2018. Paris polyphylla Sm. \u3008http:\/\/www.tropicos.org\/Name\/18403525\u3009. (Accessed 8 April 2018)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib39","unstructured":"Vassilopoulos, Y., 2007. Paris polyphylla. \u3008http:\/\/www.newsfinder.org\/site\/more\/paris_polyphylla\/\u3009. (Accessed 8 April 2018)."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.20726","article-title":"Application of microscopy in authentication and distinguishing of 11 Paris species in West Sichuan","volume":"72","author":"Xue","year":"2009","journal-title":"Microsc. Res. Tech."}],"container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874117347050?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874117347050?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]],"date-time":"2018-11-01T13:35:49Z","timestamp":1541079349000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378874117347050"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S0378874117347050"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-8741"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-8741","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Paris in the spring: A review of the trade, conservation and opportunities in the shift from wild harvest to cultivation of Paris polyphylla (Trilliaceae)","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2018.04.048","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}