{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T03:26:38Z","timestamp":1788492398198,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]],"date-time":"2019-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559347200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]],"date-time":"2019-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559347200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2017BH067"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2017BH067"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Qingdao post doctoral research project"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,6]],"date-time":"2019-04-06T00:04:30Z","timestamp":1554509070000},"page":"111857","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Astragalus polysaccharides inhibits cardiomyocyte apoptosis during diabetic cardiomyopathy via the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"238","author":[{"given":"Shuqin","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuo","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guimei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongjun","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib1","first-page":"654643","article-title":"Recent advances in Astragalus membranaceus anti-diabetic research: pharmacological effects of its phytochemical constituents","author":"Agyemang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Alternat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2014.12.002","article-title":"Melatonin ameliorates metabolic risk factors, modulates apoptotic proteins, and protects the rat heart against diabetes-induced apoptosis","volume":"747","author":"Amin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2012.10.011","article-title":"Diabetic cardiomyopathy and metabolic remodeling of the heart","volume":"92","author":"Battiprolu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3213","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.679597","article-title":"Diabetic cardiomyopathy revisited","volume":"115","author":"Boudina","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1938","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.6.1938","article-title":"Hyperglycemia-induced apoptosis in mouse myocardium: mitochondrial cytochrome C-mediated caspase-3 activation pathway","volume":"51","author":"Cai","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2006.07.022","article-title":"Attenuation by metallothionein of early cardiac cell death via suppression of mitochondrial oxidative stress results in a prevention of diabetic cardiomyopathy","volume":"48","author":"Cai","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.5582\/bst.2018.01027","article-title":"Astraglaus polysaccharide protects diabetic cardiomyopathy by activating NRG1\/ErbB pathway","volume":"12","author":"Chang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biosci Trends"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-009-9222-y","article-title":"Improving insulin resistance with traditional Chinese medicine in type 2 diabetic patients","volume":"36","author":"Chao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2449","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-012-2325-1","article-title":"Therapy with Astragalus polysaccharides rescues lipotoxic cardiomyopathy in MHC-PPARalpha mice","volume":"40","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S155686","article-title":"Astragalus polysaccharides protect cardiac stem and progenitor cells by the inhibition of oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis in diabetic hearts","volume":"12","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Des. Dev. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2008.12.003","article-title":"Astragalus polysaccharides inhibited diabetic cardiomyopathy in hamsters depending on suppression of heart chymase activation","volume":"24","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Diabet. Complicat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2014.02.007","article-title":"The prevalence of diabetic cardiomyopathy: a population-based study in Olmsted County, Minnesota","volume":"20","author":"Dandamudi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Card. Fail."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1303","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00053.2004","article-title":"Cardiac myocyte apoptosis provokes adverse cardiac remodeling in transgenic mice with targeted TNF overexpression","volume":"287","author":"Engel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.87.12.1123","article-title":"Myocardial cell death in human diabetes","volume":"87","author":"Frustaci","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H768","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00038.2005","article-title":"Cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by short-term diabetes requires mitochondrial GSH depletion","volume":"289","author":"Ghosh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.04.245","article-title":"SIRT1 suppresses cardiomyocyte apoptosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy: an insight into endoplasmic reticulum stress response mechanism","volume":"191","author":"Guo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.34.9.876","article-title":"A functional and ultrastructural analysis of experimental diabetic rat myocardium. Manifestation of a cardiomyopathy","volume":"34","author":"Jackson","year":"1985","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2755","article-title":"Cell death and endoplasmic reticulum stress: disease relevance and therapeutic opportunities","volume":"7","author":"Kim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib19","first-page":"140063","article-title":"Effect of Astragalus membranaceus extract on diabetic nephropathy","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib20","first-page":"1579","article-title":"[Inhibitory effect of Astragalus polysaccharides on apoptosis of pancreatic beta-cells mediated by Fas in diabetes mellitus rats]","volume":"34","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Zhong Yao Cai"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.30.470","article-title":"The immunotherapeutic effects of Astragalus polysaccharide in type 1 diabetic mice","volume":"30","author":"Li","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.3164\/jcbn.2007008","article-title":"Involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress in myocardial apoptosis of streptozocin-induced diabetic rats","volume":"41","author":"Li","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib23","first-page":"3780572","article-title":"Are the therapeutic effects of Huangqi (Astragalus membranaceus) on diabetic nephropathy correlated with its regulation of macrophage iNOS activity?","author":"Liao","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2016.06.051","article-title":"Integrative traditional Chinese medicine therapy reduces the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus","volume":"191","author":"Lien","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib25","first-page":"782497","article-title":"Astragalus polysaccharide suppresses skeletal muscle myostatin expression in diabetes: involvement of ROS-ERK and NF-kappaB pathways","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2015.01.001","article-title":"Irbesartan ameliorates diabetic cardiomyopathy by regulating protein kinase D and ER stress activation in a type 2 diabetes rat model","volume":"93","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.07.036","article-title":"Extracts from Astragalus membranaceus limit myocardial cell death and improve cardiac function in a rat model of myocardial ischemia","volume":"149","author":"Ma","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2009.10.026","article-title":"ER stress in cardiovascular disease","volume":"48","author":"Minamino","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1038\/47513","article-title":"Caspase-12 mediates endoplasmic-reticulum-specific apoptosis and cytotoxicity by amyloid-beta","volume":"403","author":"Nakagawa","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI0214550","article-title":"Targeted disruption of the Chop gene delays endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated diabetes","volume":"109","author":"Oyadomari","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cdd.4401373","article-title":"Roles of CHOP\/GADD153 in endoplasmic reticulum stress","volume":"11","author":"Oyadomari","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1007\/s11655-014-1825-3","article-title":"Astragalus membranaceus injection combined with conventional treatment for viral myocarditis: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials","volume":"20","author":"Piao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chin. J. Integr. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vascn.2015.11.004","article-title":"Experimental diabetes induced by alloxan and streptozotocin: the current state of the art","volume":"78","author":"Radenkovic","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-017-1828-7","article-title":"The effect of Astragalus polysaccharides on attenuation of diabetic cardiomyopathy through inhibiting the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways in high glucose -stimulated H9C2 cells","volume":"17","author":"Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Complement Altern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.embor.7400779","article-title":"Mediators of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis","volume":"7","author":"Szegezdi","year":"2006","journal-title":"EMBO Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2009.03.001","article-title":"Astragalus polysaccharides decreased the expression of PTP1B through relieving ER stress induced activation of ATF6 in a rat model of type 2 diabetes","volume":"307","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2014.01.012","article-title":"Endoplasmic reticulum stress associated responses in cancer","volume":"1843","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.13041","article-title":"BRD7 mediates hyperglycaemia-induced myocardial apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum stress signalling pathway","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Cell Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib39","first-page":"1617","article-title":"Mechanism of Astragalus polysaccharides in attenuating insulin resistance in Rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus via the regulation of liver microRNA203a3p","volume":"17","author":"Wei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726723","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/726723","article-title":"Traditional Chinese medicines in treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","author":"Xie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Alternat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib41","first-page":"827971","article-title":"Endoplasmic reticulum stress and diabetic cardiomyopathy","author":"Xu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp. Diabetes Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C508","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00248.2012","article-title":"Exendin-4 attenuates high glucose-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis via inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress and activation of SERCA2a","volume":"304","author":"Younce","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s13318-013-0154-9","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and hepatic uptake of gliquidone affected by Huangqi injection","volume":"39","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.2174\/1389557515666150227113431","article-title":"Biological active ingredients of traditional Chinese herb Astragalus membranaceus on treatment of diabetes: a systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mini Rev. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.26243","article-title":"Effects of astragalus polysaccharide on apoptosis of myocardial microvascular endothelial cells in rats undergoing hypoxia\/reoxygenation by mediation of the PI3K\/Akt\/eNOS signaling pathway","volume":"119","author":"Zhou","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.12.7.982","article-title":"CHOP is implicated in programmed cell death in response to impaired function of the endoplasmic reticulum","volume":"12","author":"Zinszner","year":"1998","journal-title":"Genes Dev."}],"container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874119301783?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874119301783?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T16:22:39Z","timestamp":1759940559000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378874119301783"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S0378874119301783"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-8741"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-8741","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Astragalus polysaccharides inhibits cardiomyocyte apoptosis during diabetic cardiomyopathy via the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111857","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"111857"}}