{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T02:43:04Z","timestamp":1781232184490,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]],"date-time":"2019-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561939200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]],"date-time":"2019-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561939200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,2]],"date-time":"2019-05-02T12:10:08Z","timestamp":1556799008000},"page":"111931","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Evaluation of the antiulcer activity of the aqueous stem bark extract of Balanites aegyptiaca L Delile in Wistar rats"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"239","author":[{"given":"Michael O.","family":"Ugwah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chinenye J.","family":"Ugwah-Oguejiofor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel U.","family":"Etuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaibu O.","family":"Bello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adamu A.","family":"Aliero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-8741(86)90103-0","article-title":"Gastrointestinal studies of Pyrenacantha staudtii leaf extracts","volume":"15","author":"Aguwa","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib2","first-page":"65","article-title":"Gastroprotective effects of the leaf extract and fractions of Fleurya aestuans (urticaceae)","volume":"2","author":"Akah","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Health Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib3","first-page":"225","article-title":"Ethno botanical studies of medicinal plants used in the management of Peptic ulcer disease in Sokoto State, North Western Nigeria","volume":"2","author":"Alebiosu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. Res. J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib4","first-page":"128","article-title":"Action of hexopyrronium bromide on gastric secretion in dogs and on gastric secretion and ulceration in rats","volume":"270","author":"Alphin","year":"1967","journal-title":"Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib5","first-page":"411","article-title":"Gastroprotective effects of fruits of Tribulus terrestris L. in pylorus-ligated Wistar rat model","volume":"4","author":"Ansari","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib6","first-page":"2154","article-title":"10-Methyl-n-heptacosane and diglucosyldirhamnoside from the stem bark of Balanites aegyptiaca Delile","volume":"45","author":"Ansari","year":"2006","journal-title":"Indian J. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.05.026","article-title":"Gastroprotective effect of Dodonaea viscosa on various experimental ulcer models","volume":"118","author":"Arun","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.09.015","article-title":"Evaluation of antiulcer activity of the main phenolic acids found in Brazilian Green Propolis","volume":"120","author":"Barros","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib9","first-page":"36","article-title":"Evaluation of the antiulcer activity of Wrightia tinctoria bark extract in induced acute gastric ulcers in rat","volume":"10","author":"Bigoniya","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nig. J. Nat. Prod. Med."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1002\/1099-1573(200012)14:8<581::AID-PTR776>3.0.CO;2-S","article-title":"The plant kingdom as a source of anti\u2010ulcer remedies","volume":"14","author":"Borrelli","year":"2000","journal-title":"Phytother Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.323.7319.980","article-title":"ABC of the upper gastrointestinal tract: pathophysiology of duodenal and gastric ulcer and gastric cancer","volume":"323","author":"Calam","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br. Med. J."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib12","first-page":"55","article-title":"A review on Balanites aegyptiaca Del (desert date): phytochemical constituents, traditional uses, and pharmacological activity","volume":"5","author":"Chothani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharm. Rev."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jams.2013.07.003","article-title":"Assessment of the antiulcer potential of Moringa oleifera root-bark extract in rats","volume":"6","author":"Choudhary","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Acupunct. Meridian Stud."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2012.09.026","article-title":"Ethanolic extract of roots from Arctium lappa L. accelerates the healing of acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer in rats: involvement of the antioxidant system","volume":"51","author":"da Silva","year":"2013","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2015.09.006","article-title":"Evidence of gastric ulcer healing activity of Maytenus robusta Reissek: in vitro and in vivo studies","volume":"175","author":"da Silva","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3203","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms13033203","article-title":"Tannins, peptic ulcers and related mechanisms","volume":"13","author":"de Jesus","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3198","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules13123198","article-title":"Gastric and duodenal antiulcer activity of alkaloids: a review","volume":"13","author":"de Sousa Falc\u00e3o","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib18","first-page":"168","article-title":"Antiulcer activity of Tephrosia purpurea in rats","volume":"35","author":"Deshpande","year":"2003","journal-title":"Indian J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1080\/13880200701212924","article-title":"Effect of leaves and fruits of Moringa oleifera on gastric and duodenal ulcers","volume":"45","author":"Devaraj","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pharm. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib20","first-page":"1225","article-title":"Evaluation of anti-ulcer activity of Clitorea ternatea Leaves (Linn) extract in Wistar rats","volume":"3","author":"Dwivedi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J. Res. Pharm. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib21","series-title":"Experimental Phytochemical: A Laboratory Manual Department of Pharmacognosy, King Saudi University","first-page":"1415","author":"El-Olemmy","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib22","series-title":"Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Natural Drugs and the Digestive Tract","first-page":"73","article-title":"Gastric ulcer protective effect of Tamrabhama, an Indian ayurvedic preparation of copper and plantain banana","author":"Goel","year":"1992"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(84)80068-2","article-title":"Histologic and microcirculatory changes in alcohol-induced gastric lesions in the rat: effect of prostaglandin cytoprotection","volume":"87","author":"Guth","year":"1984","journal-title":"Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib24","series-title":"Balanites Del. A Monograph. School of Agricultural and Forest Science","first-page":"1","author":"Hall","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib25","series-title":"Phytochemical Methods","first-page":"68","author":"Harbone","year":"1993"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-016-1369-5","article-title":"Chemotherapeutic potentials of the stem bark of Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile: an antiangiogenic, antitumor and antioxidant agent","volume":"16","author":"Hassan","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Complement Altern. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.12.023","article-title":"Antiulcerogenic action of ethanolic extract of the resin from Virola surinamensis Warb. (Myristicaceae)","volume":"122","author":"Hiruma-Lima","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2006.07.068","article-title":"Recent advances in proton pump inhibitors and management of acid-peptic disorders","volume":"15","author":"Jain","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2005.08.064","article-title":"Antiulcerogenic and ulcer healing effects of Solanum nigrum (L.) on experimental ulcer models: possible mechanism for the inhibition of acid formation","volume":"104","author":"Jainu","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/s13596-013-0135-1","article-title":"Anticonvulsant activity of Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del. Stem bark","volume":"14","author":"Kasture","year":"2014","journal-title":"Orient. Pharm. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-008-8205-9","article-title":"Gastroprotective and anti-oxidative properties of ascorbic acid on indomethacin-induced gastric injuries in rats","volume":"126","author":"Koc","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biol. Trace Elem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib32","series-title":"Pharmacognosy","first-page":"510","article-title":"Phytochemical tests","author":"Kokate","year":"1996"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib33","first-page":"308","article-title":"Evaluation of anti-ulcer activity of methanolic extract of Balanites aegyptiaca L. Bark","volume":"4","author":"Kommu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Phytopharm."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.28.2.201","article-title":"Gastrocytoprotection by colloidal bismuth subcitrate (De-Nol) and sucralfate. Role of endogenous prostaglandins","volume":"28","author":"Konturek","year":"1987","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib35","first-page":"119","article-title":"Anti-ulcerogenic and anti-secretory activity of the n-butanol portion of syzygium aromaticum in rat Nig","volume":"6","author":"Magaji","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib36","first-page":"135","article-title":"Evaluation of hypoglycemic potential of extracts of Balanites aegyptiaca parts","volume":"3","author":"Mhya","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Innovative Adv. Studies."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(87)90456-5","article-title":"Effect of antiperoxidative drugs on gastric damage induced by ethanol in rats","volume":"41","author":"Mizui","year":"1987","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1573(19980201)12:1<1::AID-PTR177>3.0.CO;2-H","article-title":"Gastroprotective activity of the stem bark of Amphipterygium adstringens in rats","volume":"12","author":"Navarrete","year":"1998","journal-title":"Phytother Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib39","first-page":"46","article-title":"Gastroprotective effects of aqueous extract of Khaya senegalensis bark in indomethacin induced ulceration in rats","volume":"12","author":"Nwafor","year":"1996","journal-title":"W. Afr. J. Pharmacol. Drug Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(00)00261-0","article-title":"Antidiarrhoeal and antiulcerogenic effects of methanolic extract of Asparagus pubescens root in rats","volume":"72","author":"Nwafor","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.5455\/jmhe.2015.09.020","article-title":"Hepatoprotective and antioxidant efficacy of aqueous stem bark extracts of Balanites aegyptiaca (Linn.) Del. against acetaminophen induced liver injury in rats","volume":"1","author":"Ojo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Med. Herbs Ethnomed."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib42","first-page":"243","article-title":"Antiulcerogenic activity of Moringa oleifera root extract against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats","volume":"1","author":"Patel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm. Chem. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2010.04.014","article-title":"Antiulcerogenic activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Achillea millefolium L.: involvement of the antioxidant system","volume":"130","author":"Potrich","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib44","first-page":"649","article-title":"Effect of methanolic extract of Pongamia pinnata Linn seed on gastro-duodenal ulceration and mucosal offensive and defensive factors in rats","volume":"47","author":"Prabha","year":"2009","journal-title":"Indian J. Exp. Biol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib45","first-page":"599","article-title":"Complications of peptic ulcers","volume":"32","author":"Proctor","year":"2014","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/S0367-326X(99)00149-5","article-title":"Alkaloids from Balanites aegyptiaca","volume":"71","author":"Sarker","year":"2000","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23071751","article-title":"Antiulcer agents: from plant extracts to phytochemicals in healing promotion","volume":"23","author":"Sharifi-Rad","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib48","first-page":"43","article-title":"A simple method for the uniform production of gastric ulceration in the rat","volume":"5","author":"Shay","year":"1945","journal-title":"Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib49","series-title":"Pharmacognosy","first-page":"309","author":"Trease","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1159\/000331520","article-title":"Etiopathogenetic principles and peptic ulcer disease classification","volume":"29","author":"Tytgat","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dig. Dis."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib51","first-page":"490","article-title":"Comparative studies of anti-ulcerogenic activities of three Nigerian medicinal plants: a preliminary evaluation","volume":"7","author":"Ugwah","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Med. Plants Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2007.10.005","article-title":"Studies of gastric mucosa regeneration and safety promoted by Mouriri pusa treatment in acetic acid ulcer model","volume":"115","author":"Vasconcelos","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1053\/bega.1999.0065","article-title":"How do NSAIDs cause ulcer disease?","volume":"14","author":"Wallace","year":"2000","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931_bib54","first-page":"18","article-title":"Preliminary studies on the antivenin potential and phytochemical analysis of the crude extracts of Balanites aegyptiaca (Linn.) Delile on albino rats","volume":"6","author":"Wufem","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Product. Radiance"}],"container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874119310128?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874119310128?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T16:23:32Z","timestamp":1759940612000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378874119310128"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"references-count":54,"alternative-id":["S0378874119310128"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-8741"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-8741","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Evaluation of the antiulcer activity of the aqueous stem bark extract of Balanites aegyptiaca L Delile in Wistar rats","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111931","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"111931"}}