{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T18:43:52Z","timestamp":1786992232221,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]],"date-time":"2021-06-07T11:43:09Z","timestamp":1623066189000},"page":"114318","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Novel promising reproductive and metabolic effects of Cicer arietinum L. extract on letrozole induced polycystic ovary syndrome in rat model"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"278","author":[{"given":"Sara E.","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9439-2364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shymaa A.","family":"El Badawy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sherif H.","family":"Elmosalamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shimaa R.","family":"Emam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asmaa A.","family":"Azouz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mona K.","family":"Galal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8697-1232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reham M.","family":"Abd-Elsalam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2181-7090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marwa Y.","family":"Issa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0026-5239","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bardes B.","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mefs.2018.04.005","article-title":"A review on role of medicinal plants in polycystic ovarian syndrome: pathophysiology, neuroendocrine signaling, therapeutic status and future prospects","volume":"23","author":"Abasian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Middle East Fertil. Soc. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib2","first-page":"583","article-title":"Molecular and immunohistochemical diagnosis of photobacterium damselae subspecies piscicida during naturally","volume":"46","author":"Abu-Elala","year":"2015","journal-title":"Occur. Dis. Egypt"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mefs.2010.10.002","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome and impact on health","volume":"16","author":"Allahbadia","year":"2011","journal-title":"Middle East Fertil. Soc. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod56.6.1482","article-title":"Contributions of endogenous inhibin and estradiol to the regulation of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone secretion in the pregnant rat","volume":"56","author":"Arai","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/s43042-019-0031-4","article-title":"Hyperandrogenism in polycystic ovarian syndrome and role of CYP gene variants: a review","volume":"20","author":"Ashraf","year":"2019","journal-title":"Egypt. J. Med. Human Genet."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-021-00444-z","article-title":"Modulation of steroidogenesis by Actaea racemosa and vitamin C combination, in letrozole induced polycystic ovarian syndrome rat model: promising activity without the risk of hepatic adverse effect","volume":"16","author":"Azouz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chin. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gat078","article-title":"Species-specific differences in follicular antral sizes result from diffusion-based limitations on the thickness of the granulosa cell layer","volume":"20","author":"Bachler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Hum. Reprod."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1080\/19396368.2017.1296046","article-title":"Modulation of steroidogenesis by vitamin D3 in granulosa cells of the mouse model of polycystic ovarian syndrome","volume":"63","author":"Bakhshalizadeh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Syst. Biol. Reprod. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2004.12.038","article-title":"Phytoestrogens derived from red clover: an alternative to estrogen replacement therapy?","volume":"94","author":"Beck","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib10","first-page":"882","article-title":"Improved method for the determination of blood glutathione","volume":"61","author":"Beutler","year":"1963","journal-title":"J. Lab. Clin. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/19.5.476","article-title":"Quantitative determination of serum triglycerides by the use of enzymes","volume":"19","author":"Bucolo","year":"1973","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398709527449","article-title":"Biochemistry and technology of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) seeds","volume":"25","author":"Chavan","year":"1986","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib13","first-page":"281","article-title":"Ethno-veterinary treatment of buffalo in Arid region of Rajasthan, India","volume":"36","author":"Dudi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Buffalo Bull."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2018.257","article-title":"Ameliorative effect of silymarin on scopolamine-induced dementia in rats","volume":"6","author":"El-Marasy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Open Access Maced. J. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib15","article-title":"Linum usitatissimum seeds oil down-regulates mRNA expression for the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein and CYP11A1 genes, ameliorating letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome in a rat model","volume":"72","author":"Emam","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"28","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8065","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-016-9910-4","article-title":"Metabolite profiling in Trigonella seeds via UPLC-MS and GC-MS analyzed using multivariate data analyses","volume":"408","author":"Farag","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100800","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2020.100800","article-title":"Mass spectrometry-based metabolites profiling of nutrients and anti-nutrients in major legume sprouts","volume":"39","author":"Farag","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Biosci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.2005.00623.x","article-title":"Development of polycystic ovary syndrome: involvement of genetic and environmental factors","volume":"29","author":"Franks","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Androl."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/18.6.499","article-title":"Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge","volume":"18","author":"Friedewald","year":"1972","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2005.01.117","article-title":"The aromatase inhibitor letrozole increases the concentration of intraovarian androgens and improves in vitro fertilization outcome in low responder patients: a pilot study","volume":"84","author":"Garcia-Velasco","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s12937-020-0524-5","article-title":"The effects of flaxseed supplementation on metabolic status in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized open-labeled controlled clinical trial","volume":"19","author":"Haidari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutr. J."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.4858","article-title":"The estrogenic activity of isoflavones extracted from chickpea Cicer arietinum L. sprouts in vitro","volume":"27","author":"HaiRong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Phytother Res.\u202f: PTR"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.17582\/journal.pjz\/2017.49.2.455.459","article-title":"Comparative analysis of nutritional composition and effect of dietary fiber extracts of chickpea and bengal gram on blood glucose and cholesterol levels of male induced diabetic and hypercholesterolemic rats","volume":"49","author":"Hamid","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pakistan J. Zool."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.4103\/2305-0500.254647","article-title":"Effect of Vitex agnus-castus plant extract on polycystic ovary syndrome complications in experimental rat model","volume":"8","author":"Hamza","year":"2019","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Reprod."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.4103\/0975-9476.146546","article-title":"Antihyperlipidemic activity of chickpea sprouts supplementation in ovariectomy-induced dyslipidemia in rats","volume":"6","author":"Harini","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Ayurveda Integr. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0756.2012.01936.x","article-title":"Kami-shoyo-san, Kampo (Japanese traditional medicine), is effective for climacteric syndrome, especially in hormone-replacement-therapy-resistant patients who strongly complain of psychological symptoms","volume":"39","author":"Hidaka","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1186\/s13048-016-0295-y","article-title":"Ameliorative effects of rutin against metabolic, biochemical and hormonal disturbances in polycystic ovary syndrome in rats","volume":"9","author":"Jahan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Ovarian Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib28","first-page":"645","article-title":"Hydroalcoholic extract of flaxseed improves polycystic ovary syndrome in a rat model","volume":"21","author":"Jelodar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Iran J. Basic Med. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2003.10.005","article-title":"Letrozole-induced polycystic ovaries in the rat: a new model for cystic ovarian disease","volume":"35","author":"Kafali","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch. Med. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-1208.170373","article-title":"Clomiphene citrate, metformin or a combination of both as the first line ovulation induction drug for Asian Indian women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"8","author":"Kar","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Hum. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.3390\/sexes2010008","article-title":"Knowledge, attitudes, and barriers towards dietary pulse consumption in women with polycystic ovary syndrome participating in a multi-disciplinary lifestyle intervention to improve women's health","volume":"2","author":"Kazemi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sexes"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14179","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial of a lifestyle intervention with longitudinal follow-up on ovarian dysmorphology in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"92","author":"Kazemi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0146509","article-title":"The gut microbiome is altered in a letrozole-induced mouse model of polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"11","author":"Kelley","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26520","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-09036-0","article-title":"Innovative application of helium-neon laser: enhancing the germination of Adansonia digitata and evaluating the hepatoprotective activities in mice","volume":"27","author":"Khamis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Control Ser."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib35","first-page":"297","article-title":"Effect of soy phytoestrogen on metabolic and hormonal disturbance of women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"16","author":"Khani","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Res. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.18778\/2084-140X.07.06","article-title":"The chickpea (\u1f10\u03c1\u03ad\u03b2\u03b9\u03bd\u03d1\u03bf\u03c2; Cicer arietinum L.) as a medicinal foodstuff and medicine in selected Greek medical writings","volume":"7","author":"Kokoszko","year":"2017","journal-title":"Studia Ceranea"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.05.009","article-title":"Preliminary evidence that cinnamon improves menstrual cyclicity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"211","author":"Kort","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10101430","article-title":"Welsh onion root (allium fistulosum) restores ovarian functions from letrozole induced-polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"10","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22872","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules201219887","article-title":"Fatty acid profile and biological activities of linseed and rapeseed oils","volume":"20","author":"Lewinska","year":"2015","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","article-title":"Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) Method","volume":"25","author":"Livak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108666","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2019.108666","article-title":"Comparative metabolite fingerprinting of legumes using LC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics","volume":"126","author":"Llorach","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/23.5.882","article-title":"Cholesterol determination in high-density lipoproteins separated by three different methods","volume":"23","author":"Lopes-Virella","year":"1977","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2879","DOI":"10.1080\/10826070903297277","article-title":"Comparative study on separation and purification of isoflavones from the seeds and sprouts of chickpea by HSCCC","volume":"32","author":"Lv","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Liq. Chromatogr. Relat. Technol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1038\/aps.2012.160","article-title":"Assessment of the estrogenic activities of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) sprout isoflavone extract in ovariectomized rats","volume":"34","author":"Ma","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib45","series-title":"Cicer L., a Monograph of the Genus, with Special Reference to the Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum L.), its Ecology and Cultivation","author":"Maessen","year":"1972"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3781","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-0168","article-title":"A new rat model exhibiting both ovarian and metabolic characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"148","author":"Manneras","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.70.1.31","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome: pathogenesis and treatment over the short and long term","volume":"70","author":"Marx","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cleve. Clin. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bonr.2020.100248","article-title":"Effect of a pulse-based diet and aerobic exercise on bone measures and body composition in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"12","author":"McBreairty","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bone Rep."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-36706","article-title":"Regulation of gonadotropin secretion: implications for polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"20","author":"McCartney","year":"2002","journal-title":"Semin. Reprod. Med."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17751","DOI":"10.1039\/C4RA13155J","article-title":"Profiling of phenolic and other compounds from Egyptian cultivars of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and antioxidant activity: a comparative study","volume":"5","author":"Mekky","year":"2015","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2016.00344","article-title":"Hepatoprotective effect and chemical assessment of a selected Egyptian chickpea cultivar","volume":"7","author":"Mekky","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib52","first-page":"CD007506","article-title":"Lifestyle changes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","author":"Moran","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib53","first-page":"1","article-title":"Phyllanthus muellerianus (Euphorbiaceae) restores ovarian functions in letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome in rats","author":"Ndeingang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Evid. base Compl. Alternative Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(79)90738-3","article-title":"Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction","volume":"95","author":"Ohkawa","year":"1979","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1002\/rmb2.12262","article-title":"Animal models of polycystic ovary syndrome: a review of hormone-induced rodent models focused on hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis and neuropeptides","volume":"18","author":"Osuka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reprod. Med. Biol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib56","first-page":"1215","article-title":"Effect of flax seed ingestion on the menstrual cycle","volume":"77","author":"Phipps","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metabol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3400","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-2123","article-title":"Androgen profile through life in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a nordic multicenter collaboration study","volume":"100","author":"Pinola","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metabol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1159\/000098143","article-title":"Dietary supplementation with chickpeas for at least 5 weeks results in small but significant reductions in serum total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterols in adult women and men","volume":"50","author":"Pittaway","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann. Nutr. Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1080\/13880209.2016.1258425","article-title":"Soy isoflavones exert beneficial effects on letrozole-induced rat polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) model through anti-androgenic mechanism","volume":"55","author":"Rajan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharm. Biol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-4514.2006.00075.x","article-title":"\u03b2-Glucosidase activity and isoflavone content in germinated soybean radicles and cotyledons","volume":"30","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Food Biochem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2017-00164","article-title":"Ovarian follicular theca cell recruitment, differentiation, and impact on fertility: 2017 update","volume":"39","author":"Richards","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/19.12.1350","article-title":"Preparation and properties of a cholesterol oxidase from Nocardia sp. and its application to the enzymatic assay of total cholesterol in serum","volume":"19","author":"Richmond","year":"1973","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib63","first-page":"110","article-title":"Effect of the aqueous extract of Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) on the kidney in experimental PCOS female rats","volume":"4","author":"Sadrefozalayi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Avicenna J. Phytomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s13048-015-0151-5","article-title":"Polycystic ovarian syndrome is accompanied by repression of gene signatures associated with biosynthesis and metabolism of steroids, cholesterol and lipids","volume":"8","author":"Salilew-Wondim","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Ovarian Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1080\/01496395.2018.1520720","article-title":"Modeling and optimization of bioactive compounds from chickpea seeds (Cicer arietinum L)","volume":"54","author":"Savic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Separ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S115","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3841.2009.01477.x","article-title":"Determination of polyphenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity in colored chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)","volume":"75","author":"Segev","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Food Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6882-13-224","article-title":"A survey describing the use of complementary therapies and medicines by women attending a family planning clinic","volume":"13","author":"Smith","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Compl. Alternative Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0079382","article-title":"Effects of electro-acupuncture on ovarian P450arom, P450c17alpha and mRNA expression induced by letrozole in PCOS rats","volume":"8","author":"Sun","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-7847.79098","article-title":"Phytoestrogens in postmenopausal indications: a theoretical perspective","volume":"5","author":"Sunita","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phcog. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-8-41","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome: a complex condition with psychological, reproductive and metabolic manifestations that impacts on health across the lifespan","volume":"8","author":"Teede","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib71","series-title":"Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests","author":"Tietz","year":"1995"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-5916.171281","article-title":"Alterations in the levels of plasma amino acids in polycystic ovary syndrome--A pilot study","volume":"142","author":"Unni","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian J. Med. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s13048-015-0131-9","article-title":"Use of aromatase inhibitors in practice of gynecology","volume":"8","author":"Usluogullari","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Ovarian Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-42.7.577","article-title":"Naturally-occurring estrogens in plant foodstuffs - a review","volume":"42","author":"Verdeal","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Food Protect."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/s13318-012-0112-y","article-title":"Isoflavones: estrogenic activity, biological effect and bioavailability","volume":"38","author":"Vitale","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Drug Metabol. Pharmacokinet."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9101095","article-title":"Glycemic response to black beans and chickpeas as part of a rice meal: a randomized cross-over trial","volume":"9","author":"Winham","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1007\/s13197-016-2483-6","article-title":"Near-isogenic lines of desi chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) that differ in milling ease: differences in chemical composition","volume":"54","author":"Wood","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Food Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"35","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8606","DOI":"10.1021\/jf3021514","article-title":"Germination dramatically increases isoflavonoid content and diversity in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) seeds","volume":"60","author":"Wu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1470717","article-title":"The genetic basis of polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"147","author":"Xita","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1007\/s11130-012-0311-3","article-title":"Antihyperlipidemic and antitumor effects of chickpea albumin hydrolysate","volume":"67","author":"Xue","year":"2012","journal-title":"Plant Foods Hum. Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-018-0346-x","article-title":"Effectiveness of Omega-3 fatty acid for polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-10-0094","article-title":"Theca: the forgotten cell of the ovarian follicle","volume":"140","author":"Young","year":"2010","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2008.10.026","article-title":"Isolation and characterisation of the isoflavones from sprouted chickpea seeds","volume":"114","author":"Zhao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.12031","article-title":"Increased mean glucose levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and hyperandrogenemia as determined by continuous glucose monitoring","volume":"92","author":"Zhu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2007.05.004","article-title":"Nutritional and compositional study of desi chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars grown in Punjab, Pakistan","volume":"105","author":"Zia-ul-Haq","year":"2007","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01088448","article-title":"Corrective role of chickpea intake on a dietary-induced model of hypercholesterolemia","volume":"48","author":"Zulet","year":"1995","journal-title":"Plant Foods Hum. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8589318","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/8589318","article-title":"Roles of oxidative stress in polycystic ovary syndrome and cancers","volume":"2016","author":"Zuo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."}],"container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874121005456?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874121005456?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T17:12:28Z","timestamp":1759943548000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378874121005456"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"references-count":87,"alternative-id":["S0378874121005456"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-8741"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-8741","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Novel promising reproductive and metabolic effects of Cicer arietinum L. extract on letrozole induced polycystic ovary syndrome in rat model","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114318","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"114318"}}