{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T20:30:30Z","timestamp":1793824230763,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]],"date-time":"2023-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011912","name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["V110D56-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["V110D56-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005937","name":"Cheng Hsin General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005937","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T14:30:44Z","timestamp":1686839444000},"page":"116784","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"special_numbering":"C","title":["GuiLu-ErXian Glue extract promotes mesenchymal stem cells (MSC)-Induced chondrogenesis via exosomes release and delays aging in the MSC senescence process"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"317","author":[{"given":"Yong-Hong","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Che-Sheng","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yung-Ling","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su-Ling","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tung-Yi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao-Ming","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Po-Kuei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Ming","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jir-You","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.5312\/wjo.v5.i3.351","article-title":"Intraarticular injections (corticosteroid, hyaluronic acid, platelet rich plasma) for the knee osteoarthritis","volume":"5","author":"Ayhan","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. Orthoped."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS10557J","article-title":"Problems of ethics and behavior in the forensic sciences","volume":"21","author":"Bradford","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Forensic Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ecam\/neq002","article-title":"Action mechanisms of du-huo-ji-sheng-tang on cartilage degradation in a rabbit model of osteoarthritis","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Alternat Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-018-0967-y","article-title":"The potent anti-inflammatory effect of Guilu Erxian Glue extracts remedy joint pain and ameliorate the progression of osteoarthritis in mice","volume":"13","author":"Chou","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Surg. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-3584-0_8","article-title":"Protocols for in vitro differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells into osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic lineages","volume":"1416","author":"Ciuffreda","year":"2016","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1756-185X.2011.01599.x","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for knee osteoarthritis. Preliminary report of four patients","volume":"14","author":"Davatchi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cellbio.21.022404.142018","article-title":"Specificity and versatility in tgf-beta signaling through Smads","volume":"21","author":"Feng","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2920","DOI":"10.1039\/C9BM00101H","article-title":"Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell derived exosomes encapsulated in functional peptide hydrogels promote cardiac repair","volume":"7","author":"Han","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21596","article-title":"American College of Rheumatology 2012 recommendations for the use of nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic therapies in osteoarthritis of the hand, hip, and knee","volume":"64","author":"Hochberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-020-01974-3","article-title":"Ca(2+)-activated mitochondrial biogenesis and functions improve stem cell fate in Rg3-treated human mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"11","author":"Hong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/5367494","article-title":"The traditional Chinese medicine \"Hu-Qian-Wan\" attenuates osteoarthritis-induced signs and symptoms in an experimental rat model of knee osteoarthritis","volume":"2022","author":"Hou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Alternat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib12","article-title":"Exosomes derived from human adipose mensenchymal stem cells accelerates cutaneous wound healing via optimizing the characteristics of fibroblasts","volume":"6","author":"Hu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"6893","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00870","article-title":"Pluripotency of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adult marrow","volume":"418","author":"Jiang","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.22171","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of hip and knee osteoarthritis: a review","volume":"325","author":"Katz","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.14715\/cmb\/2018.64.6.11","article-title":"Flavored Guilu Erxian decoction inhibits the injury of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells induced by cisplatin","volume":"64","author":"Ke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib16","first-page":"185","article-title":"Obesity & osteoarthritis","volume":"138","author":"King","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J. Med. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-016-0998-2","article-title":"Intra-articular injection of two different doses of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells versus hyaluronic acid in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial (phase I\/II)","volume":"14","author":"Lamo-Espinosa","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10886","article-title":"Age and sex differences in hip joint space among asymptomatic subjects without structural change: implications for epidemiologic studies","volume":"48","author":"Lanyon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.5713\/ajas.2012.12488","article-title":"Effects of serial passage on the characteristics and chondrogenic differentiation of canine umbilical cord matrix derived mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"26","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1002\/sctm.18-0122","article-title":"Intra-articular injection of autologous adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: a phase IIb, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial","volume":"8","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stem Cells Transl Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0089025","article-title":"Sox9 potentiates BMP2-induced chondrogenic differentiation and inhibits BMP2-induced osteogenic differentiation","volume":"9","author":"Liao","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib22","article-title":"The efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine Guilu Erxian Jiao in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"46","author":"Liao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Compl. Ther. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2021.107824","article-title":"Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound promotes osteoarthritic cartilage regeneration by BMSC-derived exosomes via modulating the NF-kappaB signaling pathway","volume":"97","author":"Liao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib24","series-title":"A Comparable Dictionary of Disease Names in Chinese and Western Medicine","year":"2004"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2016.03.003","article-title":"Mesenchymal stromal cells for cartilage repair in osteoarthritis","volume":"24","author":"Mamidi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib26","first-page":"1163","article-title":"The effect of platelet rich plasma on chondrogenic differentiation of human adipose derived stem cells in transwell culture","volume":"16","author":"Mardani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Iran J Basic Med Sci"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4109","DOI":"10.1039\/D0BM00809E","article-title":"Nanomaterial based drug delivery systems for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"8","author":"Masoudi Asil","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2862","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.23547","article-title":"MicroRNA-193b-3p regulates chondrogenesis and chondrocyte metabolism by targeting HDAC3","volume":"8","author":"Meng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3254","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22136","article-title":"Premature induction of hypertrophy during in vitro chondrogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells correlates with calcification and vascular invasion after ectopic transplantation in SCID mice","volume":"54","author":"Pelttari","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2015-0245","article-title":"Adipose mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapy for severe osteoarthritis of the knee: a phase I dose-escalation trial","volume":"5","author":"Pers","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stem Cells Transl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-989-5_9","article-title":"Whole-mount skeletal staining","volume":"1130","author":"Rigueur","year":"2014","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib32","article-title":"Exosomes from kartogenin-pretreated infrapatellar fat pad mesenchymal stem cells enhance chondrocyte anabolism and articular cartilage regeneration","volume":"2021","author":"Shao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stem Cell. Int."},{"issue":"Suppl. A","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2003.09.005","article-title":"Risk factors for osteoarthritis: genetics","volume":"12","author":"Spector","year":"2004","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/297458","article-title":"Effect of the herbal drug guilu erxian jiao on muscle strength, articular pain, and disability in elderly men with knee osteoarthritis","author":"Tsai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Alternat Med"},{"issue":"42","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41227","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M305312200","article-title":"Transforming growth factor-beta-mediated chondrogenesis of human mesenchymal progenitor cells involves N-cadherin and mitogen-activated protein kinase and Wnt signaling cross-talk","volume":"278","author":"Tuli","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2016.12.011","article-title":"Du-Huo-Ji-Sheng-Tang and its active component Ligusticum chuanxiong promote osteogenic differentiation and decrease the aging process of human mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"198","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-017-0632-0","article-title":"Exosomes from embryonic mesenchymal stem cells alleviate osteoarthritis through balancing synthesis and degradation of cartilage extracellular matrix","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib38","article-title":"Ginsenoside Rg1 improves differentiation by inhibiting senescence of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell via GSK-3beta and beta-catenin","volume":"2020","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stem Cell. Int."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib39","first-page":"8237","article-title":"Icariin promotes stable chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in self-assembling peptide nanofiber hydrogel scaffolds","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-020-03158-1","article-title":"Aqueous extract of Arctium lappa L. root (burdock) enhances chondrogenesis in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"20","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Complement Med Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2020.120539","article-title":"Exosome-mediated delivery of kartogenin for chondrogenesis of synovial fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells and cartilage regeneration","volume":"269","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1159\/000503932","article-title":"Yam-containing serum promotes proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and synthesis of glycosaminoglycan","volume":"105","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-019-04612-1","article-title":"Proteomic analysis of the effects of antler extract on chondrocyte proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis","volume":"46","author":"Yao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Rep."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.01.015","article-title":"User-guided 3D active contour segmentation of anatomical structures: significantly improved efficiency and reliability","volume":"31","author":"Yushkevich","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202001334","article-title":"Human mesenchymal stem cell derived exosomes enhance cell-free bone regeneration by altering their miRNAs profiles","volume":"7","author":"Zhai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00611","article-title":"Yougui pills attenuate cartilage degeneration via activation of TGF-beta\/smad signaling in chondrocyte of osteoarthritic mouse model","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0177(199708)209:4<377::AID-AJA5>3.0.CO;2-F","article-title":"Parallel expression of Sox9 and Col2a1 in cells undergoing chondrogenesis","volume":"209","author":"Zhao","year":"1997","journal-title":"Dev. Dynam."}],"container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874123006529?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874123006529?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T22:31:59Z","timestamp":1778538719000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378874123006529"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S0378874123006529"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-8741"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-8741","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"GuiLu-ErXian Glue extract promotes mesenchymal stem cells (MSC)-Induced chondrogenesis via exosomes release and delays aging in the MSC senescence process","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116784","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"116784"}}