{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T03:36:15Z","timestamp":1772854575889,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008387","name":"Xi&apos;an Municipal Bureau of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202338"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202338"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008387","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82374151"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82374151"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T15:44:45Z","timestamp":1755618285000},"page":"120436","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"PB","title":["Multi-omics combining bioinformatic network with kidney-entry constituents revealed the bioactive components and potential mechanisms of Zhijun Tangshen decoction against diabetic nephropathy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"353","author":[{"given":"Qingheng","family":"Tong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinye","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuaitao","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuangshuang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guanxiong","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiu","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fangfang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cuiping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suqin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4373-2012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weifeng","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232315330","article-title":"The PI3K\/Akt pathway in meta-inflammation","volume":"23","author":"Acosta-Martinez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-023-01126-1","article-title":"A brief review on the novel therapies for painful diabetic neuropathy","volume":"27","author":"Basem","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Pain Headache Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2022.106320","article-title":"The anti-inflammatory and immunological properties of GLP-1 receptor A gonists","volume":"182","author":"Bendotti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfda.2018.01.005","article-title":"Tetrahydrocurcumin ameliorates free fatty acid-induced hepatic steatosis and improves insulin resistance in HepG2 cells","volume":"26","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Food Drug Anal."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3505","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11213505","article-title":"MK-2206 alleviates renal fibrosis by suppressing the Akt\/mTOR signalin g pathway in vivo and in vitro","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2017.09.006","article-title":"Liraglutide ameliorates early renal injury by the activation of renal FoxO1 in a type 2 diabetic kidney disease rat model","volume":"137","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-023-04029-1","article-title":"Huangqi decoction ameliorates kidney injury in Db\/Db mice by regulating the BMP\/smad signaling pathway","volume":"23","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bmc Complementary Medicine and Therapies"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.628289","article-title":"Inflammatory cytokines in diabetic kidney disease: Pathophysiologic an d therapeutic implications","volume":"7","author":"Donate-Correa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2017.03.003","article-title":"Physiological functions and pathogenic potential of uric acid: a review","volume":"8","author":"El Ridi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3590","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.8b05592","article-title":"Systematic Error Removal Using Random Forest for Normalizing Large-Sca le Untargeted Lipidomics Data","volume":"91","author":"Fan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib11","first-page":"2159","article-title":"Effects of polysaccharides of huangjing on TGF-\u03b21 PI3K akt pathway in rats with diabetic nephropathy","volume":"48","author":"Feng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Asian J. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Feng, Q., Yu, X., Xie, J., Liu, F., Zhang, X., Li, S., Wang, Y., Pan, S., Liu, D., Liu, Z., Phillygenin improves diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting inflammation a nd apoptosis via regulating TLR4\/MyD88\/NF-\u03baB and PI3K\/AKT\/GSK3\u03b2 signal ing pathways. Phytomedicine, 156314.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2024.156314"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2024.156314","article-title":"Phillygenin improves diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis via regulating TLR4\/MyD88\/NF-\u03baB and PI3K\/AKT\/GSK3\u03b2 signal ing pathways","volume":"136","author":"Feng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3113","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.89942","article-title":"The PI3K\/Akt pathway and glucose metabolism: a dangerous liaison in cancer","volume":"20","author":"Fontana","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2009.04.005","article-title":"Bidesmoside triterpenoid glycosides from Stauntonia chinensis and relationship to anti-inflammation","volume":"70","author":"Gao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21207713","article-title":"Endoglin promotes myofibroblast differentiation and extracellular matrix production in diabetic nephropathy","volume":"21","author":"Gerrits","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116257","article-title":"Yi-shen-hua-shi granule ameliorates diabetic kidney disease by the \"gut-kidney axis\"","volume":"307","author":"Han","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12030848","article-title":"Histidine in health and disease: metabolism, physiological importance, and use as a supplement","volume":"12","author":"Holecek","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25168986","article-title":"Ethyl acetate fractions of Salvia miltiorrhiza bunge (danshen) crude extract modulate fibrotic signals to ameliorate diabetic kidney injury","volume":"25","author":"Hsu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2022.115246","article-title":"Jiedu tongluo baoshen formula enhances podocyte autophagy and reduces proteinuria in diabetic kidney disease by inhibiting PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR signaling pathway","volume":"293","author":"Jin","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-79611-9","article-title":"A sustainable HPTLC approach for green assessment of tyrosine to pheny lalanine ratio in chronic kidney disease","volume":"14","author":"Kamel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"6 Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1586S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/137.6.1586S","article-title":"Phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolism in chronic kidney failure","volume":"137","author":"Kopple","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2109","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfad052","article-title":"The complex pathology of diabetic nephropathy in humans","volume":"38","author":"Kriz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nephrol. Dial. Transplant."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6000","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-26209-8","article-title":"High-coverage metabolomics uncovers microbiota-driven biochemical landscape of interorgan transport and gut-brain communication in mice","volume":"12","author":"Lai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-022-03717-9","article-title":"Anthocyanin improves kidney function in diabetic kidney disease by regulating amino acid metabolism","volume":"20","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e20328","article-title":"Alterations of gut microbiota and metabolome in early chronic kidney disease patients complicated with hyperuricemia","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1142\/S0192415X22500744","article-title":"A review of traditional Chinese medicine on treatment of diabetic nephropathy and the involved mechanisms","volume":"50","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Chin. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2019-000877","article-title":"Plasma phenylalanine and tyrosine and their interactions with diabetic nephropathy for risk of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes","volume":"8","author":"Luo","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113424","article-title":"Ferulic acid ameliorates renal injury via improving autophagy to inhibit inflammation in diabetic nephropathy mice","volume":"153","author":"Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miao, L., Zhang, H., Cheong, M.S., Zhong, R., Garcia-Oliveira, P., Prieto, M.A., Cheng, K.-W., Wang, M., Cao, H., Nie, S., Simal-Gandara, J., Cheang, W.S., Xiao, J., Anti-diabetic potential of apigenin, luteolin, and baicalein via parti ally activating PI3K\/Akt\/Glut-4 signaling pathways in insulin-resistan t HepG2 cells. Food Sci. Hum. Wellness 12(6), 1991-2000.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fshw.2023.03.021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.114128","article-title":"Metformin suppresses LRG1 and TGF\u03b21\/ALK1-induced angiogenesis and prot ects against ultrastructural changes in rat diabetic nephropathy","volume":"158","author":"Mohammad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1574","DOI":"10.2337\/dci23-0030","article-title":"Diabetic nephropathy: update on pillars of therapy slowing progression","volume":"46","author":"Naaman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-1545","article-title":"Glomerular and tubular damage markers are elevated in patients with diabetes","volume":"34","author":"Nauta","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.17167","article-title":"Berberine regulates mesangial cell proliferation and cell cycle to attenuate diabetic nephropathy through the PI3K\/Akt\/AS160\/GLUT1 signalling pathway","volume":"26","author":"Ni","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Cell Mol. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.13150","article-title":"The complement alternative pathway and hemostasis","volume":"313","author":"Noris","year":"2023","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.1515\/med-2021-0335","article-title":"Baicalin improves podocyte injury in rats with diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR signaling pathway","volume":"16","author":"Ou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Open Med."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2252","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2110956","article-title":"Cardiovascular events with finerenone in kidney disease and type 2 diabetes","volume":"385","author":"Pitt","year":"2021","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-020-01582-w","article-title":"YAP mediates the interaction between the hippo and PI3K\/Akt pathways in mesangial cell proliferation in diabetic nephropathy","volume":"58","author":"Qian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.1540","article-title":"Association of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic kidney disease with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in a multiethnic Asian population","volume":"2","author":"Sabanayagam","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-024-01910-5","article-title":"A signaling pathway map of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1\/SERPINE-1): a review of an innovative frontier in molecular aging and cellular senescence","volume":"22","author":"Shaikh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Commun. Signal."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-021-01409-0","article-title":"Low-grade inflammation as a risk factor for cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"20","author":"Sharif","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Diabetol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-023-06247-4","article-title":"DUSP1 protects against ischemic acute kidney injury through stabilizing mtDNA via interaction with JNK","volume":"14","author":"Shi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"issue":"10\u201312","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2021.0125","article-title":"The complement pathway: new insights into immunometabolic signaling in diabetic kidney disease","volume":"37","author":"Tan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Sign"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2749","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.12.020","article-title":"Clinical efficacies, underlying mechanisms and molecular targets of Chinese medicines for diabetic nephropathy treatment and management","volume":"11","author":"Tang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin. B"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2020.08.017","article-title":"DPP4\/CD32b\/NF-kappaB circuit: a novel druggable target for inhibiting CRP-driven diabetic nephropathy","volume":"29","author":"Tang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1363678","article-title":"Integrated chemical characterization, metabolite profiling, and pharmacokinetics analysis of zhijun tangshen decoction by UPLC-Q\/TOF-MS","volume":"15","author":"Tong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24108758","article-title":"Therapeutic potential of targeting complement C5a receptors in diabetic kidney disease","volume":"24","author":"Trambas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-021-00473-8","article-title":"Insights into the molecular mechanisms of huangqi decoction on liver fibrosis via computational systems pharmacology approaches","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2024.118299","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of yigong san in rats","volume":"331","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib50","first-page":"920","article-title":"Observation on the therapeutic effect of method of clearing collaterals, reducing turbidity and tonifying kidney in treating patients with diabetic nephropathy in the early and middle stages and its effect inflammatory factor in serum","volume":"42","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Chin. Med. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2022.154400","article-title":"Paeoniflorin binds to VEGFR2 to restore autophagy and inhibit apoptosis for podocyte protection in diabetic kidney disease through PI3K-AKT signaling pathway","volume":"106","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3665","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2021.05.013","article-title":"Spatial-resolved metabolomics reveals tissue-specific metabolic reprog ramming in diabetic nephropathy by using mass spectrometry imaging","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin. B"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib53","first-page":"62","article-title":"Treatment of diabetic nephropathy with 64 cases of diabetic nephropathy by self-proposed zhijun tangshen decotion","author":"Wu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2887","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2021.12.023","article-title":"Gentiopicroside targets PAQR3 to activate the PI3K\/AKT signaling pathway and ameliorate disordered glucose and lipid metabolism","volume":"12","author":"Xiao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xue, Z., Shang, Y., Yang, L., Li, T., Yang, B., A tailored database combining reference compound-derived metabolite, m etabolism platform and chemical characteristic of Chinese herb followe d by activity screening: application to magnoliae officinalis cortex. J. Pharm. Anal., 101066.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpha.2024.101066"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4766","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.9b00546","article-title":"Chemistry of abiotic nucleotide synthesis","volume":"120","author":"Yadav","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-022-01531-7","article-title":"Correlation between the triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein chole sterol ratio and other unconventional lipid parameters with the risk o f prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in patients with coronary heart dise ase: a RCSCD-TCM study in China","volume":"21","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Diabetol."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00148","article-title":"Curcumin improves palmitate-induced insulin resistance in human umbilical vein endothelial cells by maintaining proteostasis in endoplasmic reticulum","volume":"8","author":"Ye","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.04.143","article-title":"Dihydrocurcumin ameliorates the lipid accumulation, oxidative stress and insulin resistance in oleic acid-induced L02 and HepG2 cells","volume":"103","author":"Yu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.3789","article-title":"Clinical metabolomics characteristics of diabetic kidney disease: a meta-analysis of 1875 cases with diabetic kidney disease and 4503 controls","volume":"40","author":"Yuan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2022.06.023","article-title":"Lipidomic profiling in the strong heart study identified American Indians at risk of chronic kidney disease","volume":"102","author":"Zeng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107682","article-title":"Human serum lipidomics analysis revealed glyphosate May lead to lipid metabolism disorders and health risks","volume":"171","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-023-03301-5","article-title":"Carnosine alleviates kidney tubular epithelial injury by targeting NRF2 mediated ferroptosis in diabetic nephropathy","volume":"55","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib64","article-title":"Signaling pathways involved in diabetic renal fibrosis","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e14171","article-title":"Yishen huashi granule modulated lipid metabolism in diabetic nephropathy via PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR signaling pathways","volume":"9","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.29063","article-title":"Clopidogrel reduces fibronectin accumulation and improves diabetes-induced renal fibrosis","volume":"15","author":"Zheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2021.108236","article-title":"Carnosine alleviates podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy by target ing caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis","volume":"101","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874125011286?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874125011286?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T15:13:29Z","timestamp":1772810009000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378874125011286"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":67,"alternative-id":["S0378874125011286"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-8741"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-8741","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Multi-omics combining bioinformatic network with kidney-entry constituents revealed the bioactive components and potential mechanisms of Zhijun Tangshen decoction against diabetic nephropathy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120436","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"120436"}}