{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T23:13:09Z","timestamp":1793833989635,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017700","name":"Henan Provincial Science and Technology Research Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["242102310526"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["242102310526"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006407","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["242300421210"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["242300421210"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52271251"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52271251"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22107089"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22107089"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82304113"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82304113"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011841","name":"Xinxiang Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["XYBSKYZZ202123"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XYBSKYZZ202123"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011841","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T16:38:28Z","timestamp":1760027908000},"page":"120723","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"special_numbering":"PB","title":["Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides alleviate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating gut microbiota against TLR4\/NF-\u03baB\/MAPK pathway and activating AMPK pathway"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"355","author":[{"given":"Huajie","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ningning","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojie","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guofang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baoguo","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ge","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12325","DOI":"10.1039\/D1FO03055H","article-title":"Ganoderic acid improves 5-fluorouracil-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice","volume":"12","author":"Abulizi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carres.2020.107909","article-title":"Structural characterisation of two medium molecular mass exopolysaccharides produced by the bacterium Lactobacillus fermentum Lf2","volume":"488","author":"Ahmed","year":"2020","journal-title":"Carbohyd. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.152","article-title":"Exopolysaccharides produced by Pediococcus acidilactici MT41-11 isolated from camel milk: structural characteristics and bioactive properties","volume":"185","author":"Bai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2022.101720","article-title":"Prophylactic role of Premna herbacea, a dietary leafy vegetable in managing hepatic steatosis via regulating AMPK\/SREBP1\/ACC\/HMGCR signaling pathway","volume":"48","author":"Bharadwaj","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2023.121565","article-title":"Structural elucidation of an active polysaccharide from Radix Puerariae lobatae and its protection against acute alcoholic liver disease","volume":"325","author":"Cao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fochx.2022.100204","article-title":"Structural characterization and hepatoprotective activity of an acidic polysaccharide from Ganoderma lucidum","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Chem. X"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.10.011","article-title":"Structural elucidation of three antioxidative polysaccharides from Tricholoma lobayense","volume":"157","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.139863","article-title":"Structural characteristics of a heteropolysaccharide from Ganoderma lucidum and its protective effect against Alzheimer's disease via modulating the microbiota-gut-metabolomics","volume":"297","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.26599\/FSHW.2022.9250082","article-title":"Sodium butyrate alleviates fructose-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by remodeling gut microbiota to promote\u03b3-amino butyric acid production","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Sci. Hum. Wellness"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.113014","article-title":"Polysaccharide of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz alleviates NAFLD-induced hepatic inflammation in mice by modulating the TLR4\/MyD88\/NF-\u03baB pathway","volume":"141","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2019.115362","article-title":"Structural characterization and antioxidant activity of a new polysaccharide from Bletilla striata fibrous roots","volume":"227","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2025.109938","article-title":"Effects of lactoferrin on high-fat and high-cholesterol diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice","volume":"143","author":"Ding","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118868","article-title":"Aerobic training improves NAFLD markers and insulin resistance through AMPK-PPAR-\u03b1 signaling in obese mice","volume":"266","author":"Diniz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2025.106985","article-title":"Comparison of the effects and mechanisms of astaxanthin, astaxanthin esters and astacene on high-fat diet-induced NAFLD","volume":"133","author":"Gao","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Funct.Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib15","first-page":"142","article-title":"Characteristic anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of enzymatic- and acidic- hydrolysed mycelium polysaccharides by Oudemansiella radicata on LPS-induced lung injury","volume":"204","author":"Gao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2022.105137","article-title":"Plant sterol ester of \u03b1-linolenic acid improves NAFLD through modulating gut microbiota and attenuating lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation via regulating TLR4\/NF-\u03baB signaling pathway","volume":"94","author":"Han","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Funct.Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3311","article-title":"AMPK: a nutrient and energy sensor that maintains energy homeostasis","volume":"13","author":"Hardie","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.117","article-title":"Structural characterization of polysaccharide purified from Hericium erinaceus fermented mycelium and its pharmacological basis for application in Alzheimer's disease: oxidative stress related calcium homeostasis","volume":"193","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2018.11.012","article-title":"Physicochemical properties and prebiotic activities of polysaccharides from longan pulp based on different extraction techniques","volume":"206","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8096","DOI":"10.1038\/srep08096","article-title":"Dysbiosis gut microbiota associated with inflammation and impaired mucosal immune function in intestine of humans with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"5","author":"Jiang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2024.119065","article-title":"Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide alleviates cognitive dysfunction by inhibiting neuroinflammation via NLRP3\/NF-\u03baB signaling pathway","volume":"338","author":"Jiang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm7060152","article-title":"Ganoderma lucidum ameliorates non-alcoholic steatosis by upregulating energy metabolizing enzymes in the liver","volume":"7","author":"Jung","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.3390\/life10110293","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory effects of fermented lotus root and linoleic acid in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 cells","volume":"10","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Life"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2021.153550","article-title":"Therapeutic effect of oxyberberine on obese non-alcoholic fatty liver disease rats","volume":"85","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.141","article-title":"Purification, structural characterization, and immunomodulatory activity of the polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum","volume":"143","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fshw.2022.03.010","article-title":"GPP (composition of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides and Polyporus umbellatus polysaccharides) protects against DSS-induced murine colitis by enhancing immune function and regulating intestinal flora","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Sci. Hum. Wellness"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.114319","article-title":"Protopanaxadiol ameliorates NAFLD by regulating hepatocyte lipid metabolism through AMPK\/SIRT1 signaling pathway","volume":"160","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2022.101742","article-title":"Dietary fibers with different viscosity regulate lipid metabolism via AMPK pathway: roles of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acid","volume":"101","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3949","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2024.05.014","article-title":"Schisanhenol ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via inhibiting miR-802 activation of AMPK-mediated modulation of hepatic lipid metabolism","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2703","DOI":"10.26599\/FSHW.2022.9250218","article-title":"Saikosaponin D improves nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via gut microbiota-bile acid metabolism pathway","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Sci. Hum. Wellness"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib31","article-title":"Research progress of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide in prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis","volume":"10","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.125124","article-title":"Structural characterization and in vitro hepatoprotective activity of a novel antioxidant polysaccharide from fruiting bodies of the mushroom Pleurotus ferulae","volume":"243","author":"Muhaxi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13031013","article-title":"Characterization of gut microbiome in Korean patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease","volume":"13","author":"Oh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116848","article-title":"Zanthoxylum bungeanum amides ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver via regulating gut microbiota and activating AMPK\/Nrf2 signaling","volume":"318","author":"Peng","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2208","DOI":"10.26599\/FSHW.2022.9250184","article-title":"Structural characterization and prebiotic potential of polysaccharides from Polygonatum sibiricum","volume":"13","author":"Qi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Sci. Hum. Wellness"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.034","article-title":"A polysaccharide isolated from Ganoderma lucidum ameliorates hyperglycemia through modulating gut microbiota in type 2 diabetic mice","volume":"197","author":"Shao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11071030","article-title":"Nutritional profile and health benefits of Ganoderma lucidum\u201clingzhi, reishi, or mannentake\u201d as functional foods: current scenario and future perspectives","volume":"11","author":"Sheikha","year":"2022","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fshw.2022.04.029","article-title":"Gypenoside ameliorates insulin resistance and hyperglycemia via the AMPK-mediated signaling pathways in the liver of type 2 diabetes mellitus mice","volume":"11","author":"Song","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Sci. Hum. Wellness"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2018.08.058","article-title":"Antioxidative and hepatoprotective effects of enzymatic and acidic hydrolysis of Pleurotus geesteranus mycelium polysaccharides on alcoholic liver diseases","volume":"201","author":"Song","year":"2018","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.116223","article-title":"Serine protease inhibitor from the muscle larval Trichinella spiralis ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice via anti-inflammatory properties and gut-liver crosstalk","volume":"172","author":"Tong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-015-0045-y","article-title":"Effect of Ganoderma lucidum spores intervention on glucose and lipid metabolism gene expression profiles in type 2 diabetic rats","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib42","article-title":"Extraction, structural-activity relationships, bioactivities, and application prospects of Pueraria lobata polysaccharides as ingredients for functional products: a review","volume":"243","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116321","article-title":"Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides improve lipid metabolism against high-fat diet-induced dyslipidemia","volume":"309","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2021.130772","article-title":"Revealing the architecture and solution properties of polysaccharide fractions from Macrolepiota albuminosa (Berk.) Pegler","volume":"368","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2021.131374","article-title":"Structure of water-soluble polysaccharides in spore of Ganoderma lucidum and their anti-inflammatory activity","volume":"373","author":"Wen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2024.117841","article-title":"Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiang Decoction attenuates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by enhancing intestinal barrier integrity and ameliorating PPAR\u03b1 mediated lipotoxicity","volume":"326","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2019.05.166","article-title":"Characterization, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities of degraded polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum","volume":"135","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2024.141824","article-title":"Separation of nutrients from SCFAs with a dynamic membrane in a sludge anaerobic fermenter","volume":"355","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2020.104110","article-title":"Native polypeptide vglycin prevents nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice by activating the AMPK pathway","volume":"73","author":"Yao","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Funct.Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.585146","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide recognition in the crossroads of TLR4 and Caspase-4\/11 mediated inflammatory pathways","volume":"11","author":"Zamyatina","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2020.116551","article-title":"Structural characterization of polysaccharides with potential antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities from Chinese water chestnut peels","volume":"246","author":"Zeng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fshw.2022.03.031","article-title":"Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharides protect against obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats fed a high-fat diet","volume":"11","author":"Zeng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Sci. Hum. Wellness"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib54","article-title":"Pharmacological effects and molecular protective mechanisms of astragalus polysaccharides on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.018","article-title":"Isolation and structure elucidation of polysaccharides from fruiting bodies of mushroom Coriolus versicolor and evaluation of their immunomodulatory effects","volume":"166","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.117656","article-title":"Ganoderma lucidum ethanol extracts ameliorate hepatic fibrosis and promote the communication between metabolites and gut microbiota g_Ruminococcus through the NF-\u03baB and TGF-\u03b21\/Smads pathways","volume":"322","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2023.135507","article-title":"Structural characterization of an antioxidant polysaccharide isolated from the fruiting bodies of Lyophyllum decastes","volume":"1285","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Mol. Struct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib58","article-title":"Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides reduce the severity of acute liver injury by improving the diversity and function of the gut microbiota","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2021.118496","article-title":"Structure features, selenylation modification, and improved anti-tumor activity of a polysaccharide from Eriobotrya japonica","volume":"273","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.06.058","article-title":"The antihyperlipidemic activities of enzymatic and acidic intracellular polysaccharides by Termitomyces albuminosus","volume":"151","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.123241","article-title":"Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide alleviates diabetic symptoms by regulating gut microbiota against TLR4\/NF-\u03baB pathway","volume":"230","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2023.121709","article-title":"Structural characterization and osteogenic differentiation-promoting activity of polysaccharide purified from Chroogomphus rutilus","volume":"328","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156458","article-title":"Polysaccharides from hawthorn fruit alleviate high-fat diet-induced NAFLD in mice by improving gut microbiota dysbiosis and hepatic metabolic disorder","volume":"139","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.123853","article-title":"Polysaccharides from Ostrea rivularis rebuild the balance of gut microbiota to ameliorate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in ApoE-\/- mice","volume":"235","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874125014151?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874125014151?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T23:29:46Z","timestamp":1785886186000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378874125014151"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":63,"alternative-id":["S0378874125014151"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-8741"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-8741","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides alleviate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating gut microbiota against TLR4\/NF-\u03baB\/MAPK pathway and activating AMPK pathway","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120723","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"120723"}}