{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T16:44:33Z","timestamp":1772642673638,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81904184"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81904184"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82305155"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82305155"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T04:40:14Z","timestamp":1760503214000},"page":"120750","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"PB","title":["Mechanism validation of recuperating lung decoction for COPD: Targeting the TLR4\/PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR signaling pathway to mitigate smoke- and LPS-induced pulmonary inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"355","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2602-5949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lei","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"You-lin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chun-lei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/cpbi.27","article-title":"Searching online Mendelian inheritance in man (OMIM): a knowledgebase of human genes and genetic phenotypes","volume":"58","author":"Amberger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Protoc. Bioinform."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2711","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S217503","article-title":"Exacerbation frequency and eosinophil counts among patients with COPD currently prescribed triple therapy","volume":"14","author":"Benson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Chronic Obstr. Pulm. Dis."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.46598","article-title":"Global burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease through 2050","volume":"6","author":"Boers","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2005.041996","article-title":"Raised CRP levels mark metabolic and functional impairment in advanced COPD","volume":"61","author":"Broekhuizen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.01.00229701","article-title":"Cytokines in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"18","author":"Chung","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib6","first-page":"492","article-title":"Relationship between objective markers and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in animal models: a review of literature","volume":"28","author":"Cui","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chin. J. Tradit. Chin. Med. Pharm."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2016.2542","article-title":"Macrophage migration inhibitory factor promotes cardiac stem cell proliferation and endothelial differentiation through the activation of the PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR and AMPK pathways","volume":"37","author":"Cui","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200701-002FM","article-title":"The immunopathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: insights from recent research","volume":"4","author":"Curtis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. Am. Thorac. Soc."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib9","first-page":"20","article-title":"The clinical implication of inspiratory capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"24","author":"Geng","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib10","first-page":"474","article-title":"Role of PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR signaling pathway in skeletal muscle atrophy in COPD rats","volume":"13","author":"Han","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chin. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2645","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa032158","article-title":"The nature of small-airway obstruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"350","author":"Hogg","year":"2004","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10091208","article-title":"Ginsenoside Rh2 ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by regulating the TLR4\/PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR, Raf-1\/MEK\/ERK, and Keap 1\/Nrf2\/HO-1 signaling pathways in mice","volume":"10","author":"Hsieh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib13","first-page":"523","article-title":"Protective effect of modified sijunzi decoction against diaphragmatic mitochondria injury of mice with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"37","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Guangzhou Univ. Tradit. Chin. Med."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7555","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-016-8329-y","article-title":"Alleviation of lead-induced oxidative stress and immune damage by selenium in chicken Bursa of fabricius","volume":"24","author":"Jiao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int."},{"issue":"D1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw1092","article-title":"KEGG: new perspectives on genomes, pathways, diseases and drugs","volume":"45","author":"Kanehisa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib16","first-page":"107","article-title":"All-cause and cause-specific mortality in individuals with COPD in China: a 16-year follow-up cohort study","volume":"40","author":"Ke","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib17","first-page":"341","article-title":"Effects of Lifei decoction on gut flora and inflammatory factors in rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"32","author":"Kong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chin. J. Tradit. Chin. Med. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3589","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.051011","article-title":"mTOR signaling at a glance","volume":"122","author":"Laplante","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.03.017","article-title":"mTOR signaling in growth control and disease","volume":"149","author":"Laplante","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2004-0309OC","article-title":"Interleukin-1 beta causes pulmonary inflammation, emphysema, and airway remodeling in the adult murine lung","volume":"32","author":"Lappalainen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib21","series-title":"Study on the Mechanism of Recuperating Lung Decoction Intervening in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease by Alleviating Oxidative Stress Through the MAPK\/AP-1 Signaling Pathway","first-page":"1","author":"Li","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib22","article-title":"Recuperating lung decoction attenuates the oxidative stress state of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by inhibiting the MAPK\/AP-1 signal pathway and regulating \u03b3-GCS","volume":"2017","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1002\/cbf.3273","article-title":"Recuperating lung decoction attenuates inflammation and oxidation in cigarette smoke\u2010induced COPD in rats via activation of ERK and Nrf2 pathways","volume":"35","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Biochem. Funct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib24","series-title":"FIZZ1 Promotes Airway Remodeling in Asthma Through the P13K\/Akt Signaling Pathway","first-page":"1","author":"Li","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib25","series-title":"Development of a Stable Phase COPD Model Characterized by Multi-Organ Insufficiency and Lung-Spleen Qi Deficiency, and Exploration of its Related Mechanisms","first-page":"1","author":"Li","year":"2022"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib26","first-page":"10","article-title":"Application analysis of a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease model by data mining","volume":"32","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chin. J. Comp. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib27","first-page":"445","article-title":"Changes of 8-Isoprostane, IL-6 and IL-10 in exhaled breath condensate in COPD patients and its relationship with airway inflammation","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chin. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib28","first-page":"798","article-title":"Effects of N-acetylcysteine combined with azithromycin on oxidative stress in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"32","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chin. J. Pathophysiol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib29","first-page":"1577","article-title":"Investigation of the relationship of the serum levels of interleukin-10 and TGF-\u03b21 with FEV1%,FEV1\/FVC and CAT score in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"22","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pulm. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18020347","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory activity of Sanghuangporus sanghuang mycelium","volume":"18","author":"Lin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib31","first-page":"1407","article-title":"Effect of honokiol on PI3K\/Akt signaling pathway in asthmatic mice and its effect on TLR2 and TLR4 expression","volume":"50","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chin. Tradit. Herb. Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib32","article-title":"Progression of the PI3K\/Akt signaling pathway in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2017.06.008","article-title":"Anti-TNF\u03b1 therapy in inflammatory lung diseases","volume":"180","author":"Malaviya","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib34","series-title":"Mechanism Study on the Regulation of Neutrophil Elastase by Recuperating Lung Decoction in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Intervention","first-page":"1","author":"Meng","year":"2016"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1002\/path.5696","article-title":"PI3K signalling in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and opportunities for therapy","volume":"254","author":"Moradi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Pathol."},{"issue":"10082","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1931","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31222-9","article-title":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"389","author":"Rabe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2017.1389823","article-title":"Autophagy and inflammation in chronic respiratory disease","volume":"14","author":"Racanelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/1758-2946-6-13","article-title":"TCMSP: a database of systems pharmacology for drug discovery from herbal medicines","volume":"6","author":"Ru","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Cheminf."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2498","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.1239303","article-title":"Cytoscape: a software environment for integrated models of biomolecular interaction networks","volume":"13","author":"Shannon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Genome Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib40","first-page":"1983","article-title":"Effects of polydatin on PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR pathway and airway inflammation in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"43","author":"Shi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug. Eval. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib41","first-page":"2318","article-title":"Effects of recuperating lung decoction on inflammatory reaction in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"33","author":"Shi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chin. J. Tradit. Chin. Med. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S249131","article-title":"The role of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"15","author":"Sidletskaya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Chronic Obstr. Pulm. Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/cpbi.5","article-title":"The GeneCards suite: from gene data mining to disease genome sequence analyses","volume":"54","author":"Stelzer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Protoc. Bioinform."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.2174\/1389200220666190227224748","article-title":"PI3K\/Akt-Nrf2 and anti-inflammation effect of macrolides in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"20","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Drug Metab."},{"issue":"D1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac1000","article-title":"The STRING database in 2023: protein-protein association networks and functional enrichment analyses for any sequenced genome of interest","volume":"51","author":"Szklarczyk","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib46","series-title":"An Atlas of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","first-page":"152","author":"Trevor","year":"2008"},{"issue":"Database issue","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib47","first-page":"204","article-title":"UniProt: a hub for protein information","volume":"43","author":"UniProt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.13012","article-title":"Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and prevention of chronic obstructive lung disease 2017 report: GOLD executive summary","volume":"22","author":"Vogelmeier","year":"2017","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"issue":"10131","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1706","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30841-9","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in China (the China Pulmonary Health [CPH] study): a national cross-sectional study","volume":"391","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00560.2020","article-title":"p55PIK Deficiency and its N-terminal derivative inhibit inflammation and emphysema in COPD mouse model","volume":"321","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib51","first-page":"1262","article-title":"The study of serum IL-8, IL-10, \u03b1-HBDH, CRP and NO in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases","volume":"26","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chin. J. Cell. Mol. Immunol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib52","first-page":"64","article-title":"Effect and mechanism of oxidative stress imbalance in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"28","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pract. J. Card. Cereb. Pul. Vasc. Dis."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1587","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.11.1587","article-title":"Interferon gamma induction of pulmonary emphysema in the adult murine lung","volume":"192","author":"Wang","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.1199","article-title":"Association between serum interleukin-6 concentrations and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"3","author":"Wei","year":"2015","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2017.08.033","article-title":"Detection of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) as a biomarker of oxidative damage in peripheral leukocyte DNA by UHPLC-MS\/MS","volume":"1064","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B. Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules22040573","article-title":"Ugonin M, a Helminthostachys zeylanica constituent, prevents LPS-induced acute lung injury through TLR4-Mediated MAPK and NF-\u03baB signaling pathways","volume":"22","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13906","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-50471-y","article-title":"Chondro-protective effects of polydatin in osteoarthritis through its effect on restoring dysregulated autophagy via modulating MAPK, and PI3K\/Akt signaling pathways","volume":"9","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib58","first-page":"8","article-title":"Effect of sodium houttuyfonate on the expression of PI3K, AKT1 and mTOR mRNA in the lung of rat models of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Acta","volume":"26","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lab. Anim. Sci. Sin."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib59","first-page":"1854","article-title":"Role of MIP-2 in neutrophil migration and tissue injury in the herpes simplex virus-1-infected cornea","volume":"39","author":"Yan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"84","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib60","first-page":"195","article-title":"Epidemiological investigation and prevention measures of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"5","author":"Yi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med. Lit."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060520927919","article-title":"The PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR pathway regulates autophagy to induce apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease caused by PM2.5 particulate matter","volume":"48","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Int. Med. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2022.115022","article-title":"Network pharmacology analysis uncovers the effect on apoptotic pathway by Bu-Fei formula for COPD treatment","volume":"289","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib63","volume":"25","author":"Zhou","year":"2024"},{"issue":"10204","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)30427-1","article-title":"Mortality, morbidity, and risk factors in China and its provinces, 1990\u20132017: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2017","volume":"394","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-016-1347-y","article-title":"Screening of traditional Chinese medicines with therapeutic potential on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease through inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory response","volume":"16","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Compl. Alternative Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-09234-6","article-title":"Metascape provides a biologist-oriented resource for the analysis of systems-level datasets","volume":"10","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib67","first-page":"120","article-title":"Experimental study on UC rat model of spleen-kidney Yang deficiency pattern","volume":"17","author":"Zhu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Liaoning Univ. Tradit. Chin. Med."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750_bib68","first-page":"57","article-title":"Effect and Mechanism of Modified Si Junzitang Combined with Heat-sensitive Moxibustion on IL-17,IL-22,IL-1\u03b1 and Cys-C in Serum and Exhale Breath Condensate of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease at Stable Stage","volume":"26","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin. J. Exp. Tradit. Med. Form."}],"container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874125014424?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874125014424?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T03:28:19Z","timestamp":1764041299000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378874125014424"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":68,"alternative-id":["S0378874125014424"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-8741"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-8741","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Mechanism validation of recuperating lung decoction for COPD: Targeting the TLR4\/PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR signaling pathway to mitigate smoke- and LPS-induced pulmonary inflammation","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120750","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"120750"}}