{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T20:41:47Z","timestamp":1791837707715,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":115,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005999","name":"Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005999","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T22:20:36Z","timestamp":1760998836000},"page":"120762","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Excoecaria agallocha L.: Bridging ethnopharmacology and therapeutic promises of a healing mangrove"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"356","author":[{"given":"Fahmida Tasnim","family":"Richi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Safaet","family":"Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Firoj","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.S.M.","family":"Monjur Al Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib1","article-title":"Latex of medicinal plants : a reservoir of antimicrobial peptides , proteins , and enzymes for drug discovery","author":"Abiodun","year":"2025","journal-title":"Discov. Mol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1590\/S1517-83822007000400028","article-title":"Antibacterial and antifungal activities of fatty acid methyl esters of the blind-your-eye mangrove from India","volume":"38","author":"Agoramoorthy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Braz. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-021-03290-6","article-title":"Antidiarrheal, antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials of methanol extract of Colocasia gigantea Hook. f. leaves: evidenced from in vivo and in vitro studies along with computer-aided approaches","volume":"21","author":"Alam","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Complement. Med. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.671498","article-title":"Traditional herbal medicines, bioactive metabolites, and plant products against COVID-19: update on clinical trials and mechanism of actions","volume":"12","author":"Alam","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib5","first-page":"118","article-title":"Stand structure, species composition and carbon accumulation in the polyhaline Zone of the sundarbans mangrove Forest, Bangladesh","volume":"37","author":"Anjum","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Trop. For. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib6","author":"Asha Poorna"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.18639\/RABM.2016.02.338811","article-title":"Worldwide importance of medicinal plants: current and historical perspectives","volume":"2","author":"Aslam","year":"2016","journal-title":"Recent Adv. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib8","article-title":"Useful products from mangrove and other coastal plants","author":"Baba","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. Soc. Mangrove Ecosystems (ISME)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib9","first-page":"108","article-title":"Evaluation of anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects on the extracts of different parts of excoecaria agallocha l","volume":"2","author":"Babuselvam","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Appl. Pharmaceut. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1007\/s12639-016-0773-6","article-title":"Facile synthesis of multifunctional silver nanoparticles using mangrove plant Excoecaria agallocha L. for its antibacterial, antioxidant and cytotoxic effects","volume":"41","author":"Bhuvaneswari","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Parasit. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/plants14050800","article-title":"Salinity as an inducer of antioxidant activity exerted by mangrove species from Campeche, Mexico","volume":"14","author":"Chan-Keb","year":"2025","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib12","first-page":"166","article-title":"Pharmacological potentials and toxicity effects of Excoecaria agallocha","volume":"8","author":"Chan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Appl. Pharmaceut. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib13","first-page":"581","article-title":"Ethnobotanical uses, biological activities and phytochemistry of mangrove plant species: a review","volume":"14","author":"Christopher","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Biol. Act. Prod. from Nat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib14","first-page":"131","volume":"19","author":"Datta","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2023.12.038","article-title":"Medicinal plants meet modern biodiversity science","volume":"34","author":"Davis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib16","article-title":"Insights on the emerging therapeutic potential of terpenoids as anti-inflammatory agents: a scoping review","volume":"7","author":"Devi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Bio-X Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib17","article-title":"Bioactivity of Excoecaria agallocha leaf extract against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in Labeo rohita","author":"Divya","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Appl. Aquacult."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib18","article-title":"Research approaches for the discovery of trypanocidal molecular prototypes from plants","volume":"20","author":"Dofuor","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbi.2025.102701","article-title":"Biosynthesis of triterpenoids in plants: pathways, regulation, and biological functions","volume":"85","author":"Dong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Plant Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/anu\/2381301","article-title":"Effects of mangrove (Avicennia marina) leaf aqueous extract on growth, immunity, and hypoxia tolerance in gray mullet (Liza ramada)","volume":"2025","author":"El Basuini","year":"2025","journal-title":"Aquac. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ercan, L., \u00c7ali\u015fkan, C.G., Akan, H., n.d. Phytochemical profile, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-xanthine oxidase, and anti-elastase activities of Centaurea hyalolepis: an in silico and in vitro analysis. Chem. \\& Biodivers. n\/a, e202402768. https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cbdv.202402768.","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202402768"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1021\/np50119a020","article-title":"A novel phorbol ester from Excoecaria agallocha","volume":"58","author":"Erickson","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-25277-3","article-title":"Microbes in food and health","volume":"1\u2013362","author":"Garg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microbes Food Heal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib25","series-title":"Global Distribution of E. agallocha L","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2022.105817","article-title":"Natural terpenoids with anti-inflammatory activities: potential leads for anti-inflammatory drug discovery","volume":"124","author":"Ge","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib27","first-page":"507","article-title":"A study on morphological and anatomical features of Acanthus ilicifolius L. and Excoecaria agallocha L. selected from Ayiramthengu of Kollam district, Kerala","volume":"8","author":"Hilal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharma Innov. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib28","article-title":"A comprehensive review of the health effects, origins, uses, and safety of tannins","author":"Hoque","year":"2024","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.3746\/pnf.2021.26.2.192","article-title":"Anti-bacterial, anti-diarrheal, and cytotoxic activities of edible fruits in the sundarbans mangrove forest of Bangladesh","volume":"26","author":"Hosen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prev. Nutr. Food Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib30","first-page":"927","article-title":"Antioxidative and anti-histamine-release activities of Excoecaria agallocha L","volume":"2","author":"Hossain","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pharmacologyonline"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1111\/sjtg.12241","article-title":"Drivers of mangrove ecosystem service change in the sundarbans of Bangladesh","volume":"39","author":"Islam","year":"2018","journal-title":"Singap. J. Trop. Geogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2025.111489","article-title":"Flavonoids and their role in oxidative stress, inflammation, and human diseases","volume":"413","author":"Jomova","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.4172\/2329-6836.1000203","article-title":"Insight on excoecaria agallocha: an overview","volume":"4","author":"Kaliamurthi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Chem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib35","author":"Kathiresan"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2594","DOI":"10.17485\/IJST\/v15i47.1633","article-title":"Phytochemical analysis, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of mangrove plants bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lam. and Excoecaria agallocha L","volume":"15","author":"Khadeeja","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indian J. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib37","series-title":"Fighting Multidrug Resistance with Herbal Extracts, Essential Oils and their Components","first-page":"391","article-title":"Chapter 16 - plant products and essential oil therapy for treatment of new and emerging viruses","author":"Khedkar","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib38","first-page":"30693","article-title":"Effect of physical treatment on the physicochemical, rheological and functional properties of yam meal of the cultivar \u201cNgumvu\u201d from Dioscorea Alata L. of Congo","volume":"10","author":"Kimbonguila","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Recent Sci. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.21.993","article-title":"Anti-tumor-Promoting activity of diterpenes from Excoecaria agallocha","volume":"21","author":"Konishi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.24.1440","article-title":"Anti-tumor-promoting activity of the diterpene from excoecaria agallocha. II","volume":"24","author":"Konoshima","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2329","DOI":"10.1007\/s13399-023-04948-6","article-title":"Phyto-fabrication and characterization of Alternanthera sessilis leaf extract\u2013mediated silver nanoparticles and evaluation of larvicidal potential","volume":"15","author":"Kumar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomass Convers. Biorefinery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.btre.2019.e00370","article-title":"Phenolic acids: natural versatile molecules with promising therapeutic applications","volume":"24","author":"Kumar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.5897\/JMA2013.0291","article-title":"Antimicrobial activities of blinding tree, Excoecaria agallocha against selected bacterial pathogens","volume":"6","author":"Laith","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Antimicrob."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.13005\/bbra\/2070","article-title":"Phytochemical composition and in vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant activites of methanolic leaf extracts from Excoecaria agallocha","volume":"13","author":"Laith","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biosci. Biotechnol. Res. Asia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2017.04.020","article-title":"Effect of Excoecaria agallocha on non-specific immune responses and disease resistance of Oreochromis niloticus against Streptococcus agalactiae","volume":"112","author":"Laith","year":"2017","journal-title":"Res. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.141918","article-title":"Unlocking the structure-activity relationship of mangrove condensed and hydrolysable tannins: unveiling their potential ecological significance in antioxidant and antibacterial functions","volume":"307","author":"Lang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib47","article-title":"Discovery of structurally intriguing diterpenoids as anti-neuroinflammatory agents from mangrove plant Excoecaria agallocha L. via inhibiting macrophage polarization and inflammasome","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2010.08.011","article-title":"TNF-\u03b1 inhibitory diterpenoids from the Chinese mangrove plant Excoecaria agallocha L","volume":"71","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2011.11.109","article-title":"Inhibitory effects of polyphenols toward HCV from the mangrove plant Excoecaria agallocha L","volume":"22","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bioorganic Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008407009397","article-title":"The taxonomic relationships within the genus excoecaria L. (Euphorbiaceae) based on leaf morphology and rDNA sequence data","volume":"8","author":"Maguire","year":"2000","journal-title":"Wetl. Ecol. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib51","article-title":"Ethnotraditional uses and potential industrial and nutritional applications of secondary metabolites of genus Jatropha L. (Euphorbiaceae): a review","volume":"21","author":"Majeed","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/compounds5010002","article-title":"Therapeutic capabilities of triterpenes and triterpenoids in immune and inflammatory processes: a review","volume":"5","author":"Mantiniotou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Compounds"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib53","first-page":"33","article-title":"Bioassay of vector Larvaes with Latex of blind eye Mangrove plant Excoecaria agallocha Linn","volume":"33","author":"Mendhulkar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Mosq. Res. IJMR"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-7847.194049","article-title":"A complete profile on blind-your-eye mangrove Excoecaria agallocha L. (Euphorbiaceae): Ethnobotany, phytochemistry, and pharmacological aspects","volume":"10","author":"Mondal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacogn. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib55","first-page":"11","article-title":"Antimicrobial activity of Excoecaria Agallocha mangrove extract in inhibiting the growth of Aeromonas Hydrophila by in-Vitro","volume":"8","author":"Mulia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Proc. Ser. Soc. Sci. Humanit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib56","series-title":"Bioactive Compounds in Mangroves and their Associates","first-page":"1","article-title":"Specialized metabolites of mangroves and their biological activities","author":"Murthy","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11101-025-10110-z","article-title":"Diterpenoid compounds derived from meliaceae plants and biological activities","author":"Najihah","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phytochem. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib58","series-title":"Sri Lanka Lumnitzera racemosa and Exocaria Agallocha","article-title":"Prediction of factors affecting the recovery of harvested mangrove species in Rekawa lagoon","author":"Nawarathne","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/s13659-013-0012-0","article-title":"Metabolites and bioactivities of Rhizophoraceae mangroves","volume":"3","author":"Nebula","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Products Bioprospect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s40626-025-00372-5","article-title":"Metabolomics of two ecologically important mangroves under salinity gradients identifies the role of key metabolites in their adaptive responses","volume":"37","author":"Nizam","year":"2025","journal-title":"Theor. Exp. Plant Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib61","first-page":"14171","article-title":"Effects of siltation, Temperature and Salinity on mangrove plants replace chemical fertilizers view project plant physiology view project","volume":"2","author":"Noor","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. Acad. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/ijfs.15936","article-title":"Role of phenolic acid, tannins, stilbenes, lignans and flavonoids in human health \u2013 a review","author":"Oluwole","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib63","series-title":"Bioactive Compounds in Mangroves and their Associates","first-page":"1","article-title":"Secondary metabolites and biological activities of the mangrove apple (Sonneratia alba)","author":"Otari","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1007\/s10822-025-00600-9","article-title":"Decoding the multifunctional potential of ursolic acid: antioxidant, antiproliferative, molecular dynamics, and biodegradability evaluations of a mangrove-derived terpenoid","volume":"39","author":"Parthiban","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Comput. Aided. Mol. Des."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.4038\/cjsbs.v40i2.3931","article-title":"Anti reverse transcriptase and anticancer activity of stem ethanol extracts of Excoecaria agallocha (Euphorbiaceae)","volume":"40","author":"Patil","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ceylon J. Sci. (Biological Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib66","first-page":"241","volume":"3","author":"Patra","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S50","DOI":"10.1016\/S2221-1691(12)60129-4","article-title":"Chromatography separation, 1H NMR analysis and bioautography screening of methanol extract of Excoecaria agallocha L. from Bhitarkanika, Orissa, India","volume":"2","author":"Patra","year":"2012","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib68","first-page":"9","article-title":"Screening of antioxidant and antifilarial activity of leaf extracts of Excoecaria agallocha L","volume":"7","author":"Patra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Integr. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.7324\/JAPS.2015.50317","article-title":"Milky mangrove excoecaria agallocha L. Plant as a source for potential mosquito larvicides","volume":"5","author":"Pradeepa","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Appl. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(00)80288-5","article-title":"A piperidine alkaloid from excoecharia agallocha","volume":"22","author":"Prakash","year":"1983","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib71","article-title":"Antiinflammatory efficacy of n-Hexadecanoic acid from a mangrove plant Excoecaria agallocha L. through in silico, in vitro and in vivo","volume":"7","author":"Purushothaman","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res. - Nat. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib72","series-title":"Isolation and Identification of n-Hexadecanoic Acid from Excoecaria agallocha L. and its Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity 11","author":"Purushothaman","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30020370","article-title":"Phenolic acid and flavonoid content analysis with antioxidant activity assessment in Chinese C. pi. Shen honey","volume":"30","author":"Qi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.17221\/75\/2024-PPS","article-title":"Phytochemical profile of stem extract of Carthamus oxycantha and identification of herbicidal and antimicrobial constituents","volume":"61","author":"Rafiq","year":"2025","journal-title":"Plant Prot. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib75","first-page":"361","article-title":"Antihyperglycemic activity studies on methanol extract of petrea volubilis l. (Verbenaceae) leaves and Excoecaria agallocha l. (Euphorbiaceae) stems","volume":"4","author":"Rahman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv. Nat. Appl. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib76","first-page":"1","article-title":"Ocimum sactum L.: a review of phytochemical and pharmacological profile","author":"Rahman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Drug Discov. Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib77","first-page":"91","article-title":"A survey of medicinal plants used by Kavirajes of Chalna area, Khulna district, Bangladesh","volume":"7","author":"Rahmatullah","year":"2010","journal-title":"African J. Tradit. Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib78","first-page":"692","article-title":"In vitro antibacterial activity of diterpene and benzoxazole derivatives from Excoecaria agallocha L","volume":"4","author":"Raja","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib79","series-title":"Comprehensive Review","author":"Rajesh","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib80","first-page":"423","article-title":"Excoecaria agallocha Linn (Euphrobiaceae): an overview","volume":"7","author":"Rajeswari","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Chem. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1080\/02757540.2022.2093349","article-title":"Lipid biomarkers as organic matter source indicators of estuarine mangrove ecosystems","volume":"38","author":"Ratheesh Kumar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-010-2184-4","article-title":"Mangrove plants as a source of lead compounds for the development of new antiplasmodial drugs from South East coast of India","volume":"108","author":"Ravikumar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2010.11.126","article-title":"New Hedgehog\/GLI signaling inhibitors from Excoecaria agallocha","volume":"21","author":"Rifai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bioorganic Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.2147\/JEP.S339383","article-title":"Antibacterial, antifungal, and cytotoxic activity of Excoecaria agallocha leaf extract","volume":"14","author":"Sabu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Exp. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1080\/07388551.2022.2033682","article-title":"Biotechnological applications of mangrove plants and their isolated compounds in medicine-a mechanistic overview","volume":"43","author":"Sadeer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2232","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2011.643887","article-title":"Mosquito larvicidal activity of linear alkane hydrocarbons from Excoecaria agallocha L. against Culex quinquefasciatus say","volume":"26","author":"Satyan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1007\/s11094-018-1723-7","article-title":"Inhibitory effect of Excoecaria Agallocha L. extracts on elastase and collagenase and identification of metabolites using HPLC-UV-MS techniques","volume":"51","author":"Satyavani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharm. Chem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib88","first-page":"295","article-title":"Anti-nociceptive effect in mice of Thillai flavonoid rutin","volume":"27","author":"Selvaraj","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomed. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib89","series-title":"Biofilm Associated Livestock Diseases and Their Management","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-96-1885-9_15","article-title":"Leading trends in antimicrobial resistance in shrimp farm pathogens and use of phytoextracts from potential mangrove species as alternatives: a step toward sustainable aquaculture","author":"Sengupta","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shao, Y.-F., Huang, Q.-X., Li, J.-Y., Yu, W.-W., He, Y.-L., Zhou, J., Yang, J.-J., Jiang, Z.-P., Huang, L., n.d. ent-Atisane diterpenoids with anti-influenza virus activity from mangrove plant Excoecaria agallocha L. Chem. \\& Biodivers. n\/a, e202500013. https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cbdv.202500013.","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202500013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib91","first-page":"215","article-title":"Evaluation of anticonvulsant activity of the ethanolic extracts from leaves of Excoecaria agallocha","volume":"4","author":"Shelar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Futur. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hermed.2021.100484","article-title":"Medicinal plants used to treat infectious diseases in the central part and a northern district of Bangladesh \u2013 an ethnopharmacological perception","volume":"29","author":"Siddique","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Herb. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib93","article-title":"Seedling diversity considerably changes near localities in three salinity zones of sundarbans mangrove Forest, Bangladesh","volume":"6","author":"Siddiqui","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Trop. Biodivers. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib94","first-page":"233","volume":"6","author":"Sofia","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib95","series-title":"Under Diff Erent Levels of Nacl Stress","first-page":"9","author":"Sozharajan","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib96","first-page":"7","article-title":"In vitro antioxidant property of the extract of Excoecaria agallocha (Euphorbiaceae). Iran","volume":"3","author":"Subhan","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib97","first-page":"521","volume":"18","author":"Subhan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Artigo"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.3742\/OPEM.2009.9.4.326","article-title":"Antinociceptive and gastro-protective effect of the ethanolic extract of the flowering top of anthocephalus cadamba roxb","volume":"9","author":"Subhan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Orient. Pharm. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib99","series-title":"Bioactive Compounds in Mangroves and their Associates","first-page":"1","article-title":"Phytochemicals and biological activities of Excoecaria agallocha L","author":"Sultana","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s43094-021-00389-y","article-title":"Evaluation of anti-cancer potential of Excoecaria agallocha (L.) leaf extract on human cervical cancer (SiHa) cell line and assessing the underlying mechanism of action","volume":"8","author":"Sultana","year":"2022","journal-title":"Futur. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib101","first-page":"218","article-title":"Structural insights and biological activities of flavonoids: implications for novel applications","author":"Tang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Front"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib102","article-title":"Full Paper evaluation of antidiabetic activity of Excoecaria agallocha L . in alloxan induced diabetic mice","author":"Thirumurugan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. An Indian J. 02\u201305"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib103","first-page":"123","article-title":"Anti-ulcer activity of Excoecaria agallocha bark on NSAID-induced gastric ulcer in albino rats","volume":"3","author":"Thirunavukkarasu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Glob. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.219","article-title":"Therapeutic attributes and applied aspects of biological macromolecules (polypeptides, fucoxanthin, sterols, fatty acids, polysaccharides, and polyphenols) from diatoms \u2014 a review","volume":"171","author":"Tiwari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2017.07.019","article-title":"Labdane diterpenoids as potential anti-inflammatory agents","volume":"124","author":"Tran","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfca.2024.106877","article-title":"Biochemical and antioxidant activities, organic acid contents, fatty acid compositions, mineral element contents, and carbohydrate contents of sumac (rhus coriaria L.) accessions found in the Eastern Mediterranean region of T\u00fcrkiye","volume":"137","author":"Tunc","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Food Compos. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib107","series-title":"Therapeutic Agent 1\u201339","author":"Ullah","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib108","first-page":"865","article-title":"Excoecaria agallocha L. antimicrobial properties against important pathogenic microorganisms","volume":"1","author":"Vadlapudi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. ChemTech Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib109","series-title":"Bioactive Compounds in Mangroves and their Associates","first-page":"1","article-title":"Antimicrobial secondary metabolites of mangroves","author":"Valleti","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.22270\/jddt.v9i4-s.3457","article-title":"Therapeutic and traditional uses of mangrove plants","volume":"9","author":"Vinoth","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Drug Deliv. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s00044-024-03322-z","article-title":"Multi-targeted pharmacological properties of cinnamyl piperazine derivatives: a comprehensive review","volume":"34","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Med. Chem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e07777","article-title":"Potential of diterpene compounds as antivirals, a review","volume":"7","author":"Wardana","year":"2021","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib113","series-title":"WHO Global Report on Traditional and Complementary Medicine 2019","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib114","series-title":"Taxonomic Classification of E. agallocha L","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.15529","article-title":"Comparative analysis of flavonoids, polyphenols and volatiles in roots, stems and leaves of five mangroves","volume":"11","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pestbp.2025.106480","article-title":"Ras-associated protein PdRSR1 is essential for sterol synthesis and stress tolerance to response to prochloraz in Penicillium digitatum","volume":"213","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pestic. Biochem. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1002\/cjoc.202400697","article-title":"Recent advances of terpenoids with intriguing chemical skeletons and biological activities","volume":"43","author":"Zang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chinese J. Chem."}],"container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874125014540?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874125014540?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T05:41:47Z","timestamp":1763703707000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378874125014540"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":115,"alternative-id":["S0378874125014540"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-8741"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-8741","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Excoecaria agallocha L.: Bridging ethnopharmacology and therapeutic promises of a healing mangrove","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120762","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"120762"}}