{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T20:35:53Z","timestamp":1781642153252,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005891","name":"State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZYYZDXK-2023100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZYYZDXK-2023100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005891","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T11:50:20Z","timestamp":1763639420000},"page":"120912","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Multidisciplinary research systematically elucidates the mechanism of Huangqin Qingre Chubi capsule in attenuating inflammation of gouty arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"357","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8103-4278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiming","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanyan","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yajun","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3101-7553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1703","DOI":"10.1080\/87559129.2020.1837861","article-title":"Peach (prunus persica): phytochemicals and health benefits","volume":"38","author":"Bento","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Rev. Int."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12833","article-title":"Urate\u2010induced immune programming: consequences for gouty arthritis and hyperuricemia","volume":"294","author":"Cab\u0103u","year":"2020","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-023-03097-0","article-title":"Characterizations of the multi-kingdom gut microbiota in Chinese patients with gouty arthritis","volume":"23","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib4","first-page":"1375","article-title":"Clinical observation of Huangqin Qingre Cubi capsule combined with celecoxib in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis","volume":"33","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clinical Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2020.112829","article-title":"Gardenia jasminoides ellis: ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacological and industrial applications of an important traditional Chinese medicine","volume":"257","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S451097","article-title":"Traditional Chinese medicine is associated with the reduction in endpoint events in patients with gouty arthritis: cohort study and association rule analysis","volume":"17","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Gen. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4593","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S430831","article-title":"The independent value of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in gouty arthritis: a narrative review","volume":"16","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Inflamm. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(87)90072-8","article-title":"Ankle joint urate arthritis (AJUA) in rats: an alternative animal model of arthritis to that produced by freund\u02bcs adjuvant","volume":"28","author":"Coderre","year":"1987","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib9","first-page":"97","article-title":"Simultaneous determination of six active components in huangqin qingre chubi capsule by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"40","author":"Dong","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Anhui Tradit. Chin. Med. Coll."},{"issue":"70","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.14715\/cmb\/2024.70.2.29","article-title":"Tetrandrine alleviates inflammation and promotes macrophage m2 polarization in gouty arthritis by NF-\u03bab-mediated lcp1","volume":"2","author":"Fang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Biol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1880","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10091880","article-title":"Autoinflammatory features in gouty arthritis","volume":"10","author":"Galozzi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4920","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keab087","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps release in gout and pseudogout depends on the number of crystals regardless of leukocyte count","volume":"60","author":"Garcia-Gonzalez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2024.118077","article-title":"Integrating clinical data mining, network analysis and experimental validation reveal the anti-inflammatory mechanism of huangqin qingre chubi capsule in rheumatoid arthritis treatment","volume":"329","author":"Hu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4819","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S431124","article-title":"Huangqin qingre chubi capsule is associated with reduced risk of readmission in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a real-world retrospective cohort study","volume":"16","author":"Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Gen. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-016-3634-9","article-title":"Longitudinal transition trajectory of gouty arthritis and its comorbidities: a population-based study","volume":"37","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rheumatol. Int."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib16","first-page":"1448","article-title":"Effects of huangqin qingre chubi capsule on efficacy and oxidative stress of ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"35","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1080\/87559129.2021.1892129","article-title":"Coix seed: a review of its physicochemical composition, bioactivity, processing, application, functionality, and safety aspects","volume":"38","author":"Igbokwe","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Rev. Int."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib18","article-title":"Sinomenine ameliorates adjuvant-induced arthritis by inhibiting the autophagy\/NETosis\/inflammation axis","volume":"13","author":"Jiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib19","first-page":"814","article-title":"Analysis of chemical constituents in huangqin qingre chubi capsule based on UPLC-q-TOF-MS\/MS","volume":"43","author":"Jiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Instrum. Anal."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2022.03.001","article-title":"Management and cure of gouty arthritis","volume":"48","author":"Keller","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rheum. Dis. Clin. N. Am."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2009.08.027","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory effects of scutellaria baicalensis extract via suppression of immune modulators and MAP kinase signaling molecules","volume":"126","author":"Kim","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1549","article-title":"Docking and scoring in virtual screening for drug discovery: methods and applications","volume":"3","author":"Kitchen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.112474","article-title":"Huangqin qingre chubi capsule improves rheumatoid arthritis accompanied depression through the wnt1\/\u03b2-catenin signaling pathway","volume":"138","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-024-00962-6","article-title":"Shirebi granules ameliorate acute gouty arthritis by inhibiting NETs-induced imbalance between immunity and inflammation","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib25","first-page":"56","article-title":"Preliminary study on HPLC fingerprint of huangqin qingre chubi capsules and determination of three components","volume":"17","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chinese Medicinal Biotechnology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib26","first-page":"2440","article-title":"Discussion on bi disease caused by spleen deficiency","volume":"32","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2017.03.008","article-title":"What is real-world data? A review of definitions based on literature and stakeholder interviews","volume":"20","author":"Makady","year":"2017","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-019-04868-9","article-title":"Recent updates on worldwide gout epidemiology","volume":"39","author":"Mattiuzzi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Rheumatol."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib29","first-page":"1276","article-title":"Guideline for diagnosis and treatment of gout and hyperuricemia based on the combination of disease and syndromes","volume":"62","author":"Medicine","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Tradit. Chin. Med."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2557","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39254","article-title":"2015 gout classification criteria: an american college of rheumatology\/european league against rheumatism collaborative initiative","volume":"67","author":"Neogi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1002\/med.21743","article-title":"Evolution of the adaptogenic concept from traditional use to medical systems: pharmacology of stress\u2010 and aging\u2010related diseases","volume":"41","author":"Panossian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med. Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1422245","article-title":"Huangqin qingre chubi capsule inhibits rheumatoid arthritis by regulating intestinal flora and improving intestinal barrier","volume":"15","author":"Peng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1916","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41404","article-title":"Prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability due to gout and its attributable risk factors for 195 countries and territories 1990\u20132017: a systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 2017","volume":"72","author":"Safiri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1907","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.128454","article-title":"The pathogenesis of bone erosions in gouty arthritis","volume":"69","author":"Schlesinger","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1654","DOI":"10.1002\/ddr.21985","article-title":"Calycosin represses AIM2 inflammasome\u2010mediated inflammation and pyroptosis to attenuate monosodium urate\u2010induced gouty arthritis through NF\u2010\u03bab and p62\u2010keap1 pathways","volume":"83","author":"Tian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drug Dev. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00840509","article-title":"Correction of hormonal-metabolic disturbances in rats by natural adaptogens during development of an adaptation syndrome and function tests with dexamethasone and ACTH","volume":"112","author":"Udintsev","year":"1991","journal-title":"Bull. Exp. Biol. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib37","first-page":"826","article-title":"Discussion on the treatment of gouty arthritis based on spleen deficiency, heat toxin and phlegm turbidity","volume":"32","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Emerg. Tradit. Chin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib38","article-title":"The traditional Chinese medicine compound huangqin qingre chubi capsule inhibits the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis through the CUL4b\/wnt pathway","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2748","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keac706","article-title":"Factors associated with change in health-related quality of life in people with gout: a 3-year prospective cohort study in primary care","volume":"62","author":"Watson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms\/121038","article-title":"The 5,7,2, 5 -tetrahydroxy-8,6 \u2013dimethoxyflavone up-regulates mir 145 expression and inhibits proliferation of gastric cancer cells","author":"Wei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1111\/jebm.12373","article-title":"Brief introduction of medical database and data mining technology in big data era","volume":"13","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Evid. Base Med."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms251910853","article-title":"Advances in gouty arthritis management: integration of established therapies, emerging treatments, and lifestyle interventions","volume":"25","author":"Yao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2006.10.016","article-title":"Clematis vitalba l. Aerial part exhibits potent anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and antipyretic effects","volume":"110","author":"Yesilada","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(97)00076-7","article-title":"Inhibitory effects of turkish folk remedies on inflammatory cytokines: interleukin-1\u03b1, interleukin-1\u03b2 and tumor necrosis factor \u03b1","volume":"58","author":"Ye\u015filada","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1080\/13880209.2023.2191641","article-title":"Chinese herbal compound huangqin qingrechubi capsule reduces lipid metabolism disorder and inflammatory response in gouty arthritisvia the LncRNA h19\/APN\/PI3k\/AKT cascade","volume":"61","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharm. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2024.118953","article-title":"Jianpi qingre tongluo prescription alleviates the senescence-associated secretory phenotype with osteoarthritis by regulating STAG1\/TP53\/p21 signaling pathway","volume":"337","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912_bib47","first-page":"1187","article-title":"Clinical observation of huangqin qingre chubi capsule combined with external medicine in the treatment of acute gouty arthritis","volume":"37","author":"Zong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Shaanxi J. Tradit. Chin. Med."}],"container-title":["Journal of Ethnopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874125016046?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378874125016046?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T03:01:07Z","timestamp":1776135667000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378874125016046"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S0378874125016046"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-8741"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-8741","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Multidisciplinary research systematically elucidates the mechanism of Huangqin Qingre Chubi capsule in attenuating inflammation of gouty arthritis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Ethnopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120912","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"120912"}}